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Artificial
1989 Charles A Hufnagel, doc (artificial heart valve pioneer), dies at 72

1988 IBM introduces software for artificial intelligence

1986 William J Schroeder, (longest-survivor with permanent artificial) heart, dies at 54, after 620 days with Jarvik VII man-made pump)

1986 Murray P Haydon, artificial heart recipient, dies in Louisville at 59

1986 Mary Lund of Minn, is 1st female recipient of an artificial heart

1985 Mary Lund is 1st woman to receive a Jarvik VII artificial heart

1985 Jack C Burcham is 5th to receive "Jarvik 7" permanent artificial heart

1985 William Schroeder is 1st artificial heart patient to leave hospital He spent 15 minutes outside Humana Hospital in Louisville, Ky

1985 3rd person to receive an artificial heart (Murray Haydon)

1984 Artificial heart recipient William Schroeder suffers 1st stroke

1984 William Schroeder, is 2nd to receive Jarvik-7 artificial heart

1982 1st permanent artificial heart successfully implanted (University of Utah) in retired dentist Barney Clark; lived 112 days with Jarvic-7 heart

1982 Dentist Barney B Clark gets 1st artificial heart

1980 Jersey calf, lived 222 days with an artificial heart

1979 U.S.'s 1st artificial blood transfusion occurs at University of Minnesota Hospital

1970 Scientists perform 1st artificial synthesis of a live cell

1970 1st artificial gene synthesized

1969 Federal government bans use of cyclamates artificial sweeteners

1969 Philip Blaiberg, after 19 days with artificial heart, dies

1969 Denton Cooley implanted 1st temporary artificial heart

1968 Pope Paul VI, in an encyclical entitled "Humanae Vitae" (Of Human Life), declares any artificial forms of birth control prohibited

1959 U.S. Pioneer IV misses Moon and becomes 2nd (U.S. 1st) artificial planet

1958 U.S. launches their 1st artificial satellite, Explorer 1

1957 U.S.S.R. launches Sputnik I, 1st artificial Earth satellite

1951 Prof Youngblood demonstrates artificial heart in Paris

1951 Jongbloed in Paris demonstrates artificial heart

1951 "La Vie Commence Demain," which depicted artificial insemination and is the 1st X-rated movie, opened in London

1946 1st artificial snow produced from a natural cloud, Mt Greylock, MA

1946 Robert Jarvik, surgeon/inventor, Jarvik 7 artificial heart

1939 1st animal conceived by artificial insemination (rabbit) displayed

1932 1st demonstration of artificial lightning Pittsfield Mass

1923 Joseph Wiezenbaum, artificial intelligence pioneer

1921 Barney Clark, 1st to receive a permanent artificial heart

1920 1st artificial rabbit used at a dog race track in Emeryville, California

1917 1st NHL game played on artificial ice (Toronto)

1911 Willem J Kolff, Dutch/US internist/inventor, Artificial Kidney

1908 Michael E DeBakey, artificial heart pioneer

1879 Constantine Fahlberg discovers saccharin the artificial sweetener

1879 1st artificial ice rink in North America (Madison Square Garden, New York City)

1846 Benjamin Palmer patents artificial leg

1838 William Perkin, inventor, 1st artificial dye

1822 Charles Graham of New York patents artificial teeth

1656 Artificial pearls 1st manufactured by M Jacquin in Paris made of gypsum pellets covered with fish scales



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