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2006 Johannes Rau, German Statesman

2005 Ernst Mayr, German Scientist

2004 Carl Rakosi, German Poet

2003 Dorothee Solle, German Theologian

2001 W. G. Sebald, German Writer

1998 Ernst Juenger, German writer, dies at 102

1997 Peter Graf, father of Steffi, enters German jail for tax evasion

1997 Manfred Von Ardenne, German scientific pioneer, dies at 90

1997 Kai-Uwe Von Hassel, German President of Bundestag (CDU 1969-72), dies

1997 Jurek Becker, writer, film author, German Democratic Republic dissident, survived ghetto in Lodz, wrote 'Jacob the Liar', dies in Sieseby, Germany

1997 Martin Kippenberger, German Artist

1996 Edward McInnes, German scholar, dies at 60

1996 Kurt Schmucker, German RFA minister of Economy (1963-66), dies

1995 Konrad Zuse, German Inventor

1995 26th New York City Marathon won by German Silva in 2:10:00

1995 Michael Ende, German writer (Neverending Story), dies at 65

1995 Gunter Guillaume, German politican, dies

1995 Adolph F J Butenandt, German bio-chemist (Nobel 1939), dies at 91

1995 Marion Herbst, German/Dutch jewelry designer, dies at 50

1994 Karl AF Schiller, West German economist/SPD-minister, dies at 83

1994 Elga Andersen, German/French model/actress (Global Affair), dies at 58

1994 G Waller, German/Swiss movie journalist (NRC/Variety), dies at 82

1994 Helmut Kohl elected German chancellor (341-340 votes)

1994 25th New York City Marathon won by German Silva in 2:11:21

1994 Nyanaponika, Siegmund Feniger, German scholar/author, dies at 93

1994 Eberhard Feik, German actor (Tatort), dies at 50

1994 Heinz Ruhmann, German actor/dir (Brave Soldier Schwejk), dies at 92

1994 Dolly Hare, German/British actress (Broken Blossom), dies at 84

1994 Manfred Worner, German general/Secretary-General of NATO (1988-94), dies at 59

1994 Manfred Salzgeber, German film distributor/publicist, dies at about 51

1994 Grete Schickedanz, German head mistress, dies at 82

1994 Gottfried Reinhardt, Goldmann, German/US director, dies at 83

1994 Robert Jungk, German/French/Us/Austrian philosopher/historian, dies

1994 Roman Herzog sworn in as German president

1994 Carl Althoff, German circus director, dies at 82

1994 Angelus Gottfried "Golo" Mann, German/US historian, dies at 85

1994 Walter Janka, German writer (Troubles with Truth), dies at 79

1994 Sandra Paretti, German/Swiss author (Drums of Winter), dies at 59

1994 Charles Bukowski, German/US writer (Barfly, Hollywood), dies at 73

1994 Hermann Abs, German banker to Hitler and Adenauer, dies at 92

1994 Martin Kosleck, German/US actor (Hitler Gang), dies at 86

1993 Professor Wolfgang Paul, German physicist (Nobel 1989), dies at 80

1993 Helmut Gollwitzer, German theologist/antifascist, dies at 84

1993 Alf Bold, German festival programmer, dies of AIDS at 47

1993 Robert W. Kempner, German officer of justice in Prussia, dies at 93

1993 Wolfgang Grams, German RAF-terrorist, shot to death at 40

1993 Hans Sahl, German/U.S. writer (Tie Exil im Exil), dies at 90

1993 Dieter Plage, German wildlife filmmaker, dies at 57

1993 Hans Werner Richter, German writer/founder (Gruppe 47), dies at 84

1993 Gret Palucca, German dancer and choreographer (Entartet), dies at 91

1993 Axel Von Dem Bussche, German aristocrat, dies

1993 Alois Brunner, German/Syrian commandant of KZ-Lower Drancy, dies

1992 Earnest FH Happel, East German soccer/trainer/coach, dies

1992 Gregory Markopoulos, German/U.S. director (Iliac Passion, Bliss), dies

1992 Hans Zullig, Swiss/German dancer (Green Table), dies

1992 Petra Kelly, founder (German Green Party), found dead at 44

1992 Willy Brandt, German chancellor (1969-74), dies

1992 Denmark upsets German 2-0, to win European Soccer championship

1992 Josef Neckermann, German founder mail-order firm/travel bureau, dies

1991 Roy Black, German singer and actor (Kinderarzt Dr. Froehlich), dies

1991 Oswald von Nell-Breuning, German theologist/philosopher, dies at 101

1991 Wolfgang Hildesheimer, German/Swiss architect, dies

1991 Heidi Bruhl, German actress (Madels vom Immenhof), dies at 49

1991 Arno Breker, German sculptor (Third Reich), dies at 90

1991 Oscar Nitzchke, German architect (Alcoa building), dies at 90

1990 Horst Bienek, German author, dies

1990 Iraq announces it will free all German hostages

1990 West German President Richard von Weizsaecker signs reunification treaty

1990 Norbert Elias, German/English/Netherlands philosopher/sociologist, dies

1990 German Democratic Republic accepts Deutsche Mark as its currency

1990 Irmtraud Morgner, writer, freelance author, used magical realism to address the role of gender in East German society, dies of cancer in Berlin, East Germany

1990 1st meeting of East German democratically elected parliament, acknowledges responsibility for Nazi holocaust and asks for forgivenesss

1990 Herbert Wehner, German ex-communist/chairman (1958-73), dies at 83

1990 Gerhard Schroder, West German minister of Defense, dies at 79

1989 Hans Hartung, German/French painter, dies

1989 Alfred Herrhausen, German CEO (Deutsche Bank), murdered at 59

1989 East German state/party leader Erich Honecker, resigns

1989 F Fischer, German war criminal (4, Two of Breda), dies

1989 German war criminals Aus der Funten/Fischer, freed in Holland

1989 German war criminals Fischer and Aus der Funten freed

1988 Lotte Stam-Beese, German/Netherlands architect, dies at about 85

1988 Franz Josef Strauss, West German Minister of defense 1956 - 1962, dies at 73

1988 Hans Gunther Adler, German writer, dies at 78

1988 Kurt Georg Kiesinger, West German chancellor (1966-69), dies at 83

1987 West German pilot Mathias Rust, who flew a private plane from Helsinki Finland, to Moscow's Red Square, forms trial in Russia

1987 West German Mathias Rust lands airplane on Red Square

1987 Mathias Rust, 19, W. German pilot, makes unauthorized landing in U.S.S.R.

1987 Bernhard Grzimek, West German zoologist, dies at 77

1987 West German police arrest Mohammed Ali Hamadi, suspect in 1985 hijacking

1986 Rudolf Schock, German opera/operetta singer, dies at 71

1986 Karl-Heinz Beckurts, West german Siemens manager, murdered

1986 West German team swims world record 4x200 m freestyle (7:05.17)

1986 Lilli Palmer, German actress (Boys from Brazil, Kinder), dies at 71

1986 Joseph Beuys, West German avant-garde artist/politician, dies at 64

1985 Simone Signoret, German/French actress (Room at Top, Gina), dies at 64

1985 Axel Springer, German newspaper magnate (Bild Zeitung), dies at 73

1985 West German top counter espionage Hans Tiedge moves to East Germany

1985 Heinrich Boll, German writer (Nobel 1972), dies at 67

1985 American, Brazilian and West German forensic pathologists confirm skeletal remains exhumed in Brazil were Nazi Dr. Josef Mengele

1985 Karl Marx, German composer and conductor, dies at 87

1985 West German Parliament ruled it illegal to deny the holocaust

1984 Hans Speidel, German gen/NATO-supreme commander (1957-64), dies at 87

1984 West German Chancellor Rainer Barzel resigns due to corruption

1984 Rudolf Hagelstange, German author (Zeit fur ein Lacheln), dies at 72

1984 Karl Rahner, German Theologian

1984 Martin Niemoller, German submarine captain and anti-nazi minister, dies at 92

1984 Wolfgang Staudte, German director (Ciske de Rat), dies at 77

1983 104 degrees F (40.3 degrees C) in Garmersdorf (German record)

1983 Werner Egk, German composer (Die Zaubergeige), dies at 82

1983 Helmut Kohl's CDU/CSU wins West German parliament elections

1982 Fritz Usinger, German writer (Song against Death), dies at 87

1982 Kurt Edelhagen, West German jazz pianist, dies at 62

1982 Gustav MR von Koenigswald, German/Dutch paleontologist, dies at 79

1982 Alexander Mitscherlich, German psychotherapist, dies

1982 Rainer Werner Fassbinder, German director, dies of drug overdose at 36

1982 Peter Weiss, German playwright (Marat-Sade), dies at 65

1982 Robert H G Havemann, German chemist/dissident, dies

1982 Fritz Eberhard, West German lawyer/resistor, dies at 85

1982 Carl Orff, German composer (Mouth, Antigonae), dies at 86

1982 Walter Hallstein, West German politician (CDU, H-doctrine), dies at 80

1981 Albert Speer, German NSDAP-architect/minister of Army at 76

1981 Hermann Schey, German/Netherlands singer, dies at 85

1981 Peter Paul Kreuder, German composer, dies at 75

1981 Peter Kreuder, German composer, dies

1981 Zarah Leander, Swedish/German singer and actress (Gabriela), dies at 79

1981 Almost 1 million West German metal workers in strike

1981 Max Delbruck, German/U.S. biologist (Nobel 1969), dies at 74

1980 Karl Donitz, German great admiral/Fuhrer (1945), dies at 89

1980 Wolfgang Gentner, German nuclear physicist, dies at 74

1980 Fabian von Schlabendorff, German resistance fighter/judge, dies at 73

1980 West German Chancellor Helmut Schmidt visits Moscow

1980 West German wins European soccer title (2-1 against Belgium)

1980 Lauritz Lauritzen, German politician, dies at 70

1980 Erich Fromm, German/US psychoanalyst, dies at 79

1980 Winifred Wagner-William, German World Festival organizer, dies at 82

1980 Alfred Andersch, German writer (Red Head), dies at 66

1980 Axel Springer, Jr., German photographer, commits suicide at 38

1979 Rudi [Rudolf] Dutschke, German student leader, dies at 39

1979 Joseph Kotalla, German war criminal (4 of Breda), dies at 71

1979 Paul Dessau, German composer/conducter (Berlin, 1925-33), dies at 84

1979 Arno Schmidt, German writer, author, translator, individualist, solipsist, admired for colloquial language style and theory of etyms he developed in magnum opus, titled Zettels Traum, dies at 65

1979 Werner Forssman, German urologist (Nobel 1956), dies

1978 Hanns Johst, German Playwright

1978 Rolf Gunther, East German priest, self imolation

1978 Willy Messerschmitt, German aircraft builder, dies at 80

1978 Soyuz 31 carries 2 cosmonauts (1 East German) to Salyut 6

1978 Kurt Student, German Soldier

1977 Corpse of kidnapped West German, H. M. Schleyer, found

1977 W German commandos liberate Boeing 737, 86 hostages at Mogadishu

1977 West German commandos storm hijacked Lufthansa in Mogadishu, Somalia freeing all 86 hostages and killing 3 of 4 hijackers

1977 West German RAF terrorist kills policeman in Utrecht

1977 RAF kidnap West German work chairman Schleyer

1977 Emil Bloch, German philosopher (Principle Hope, Traces), dies at 92

1977 Jurgen Ponto, West German banker, murdered

1977 Oskar Morgenstern, German/US economist, dies at 75

1977 Ludwig Erhard, German minister of Economic Affairs (CDU), dies at 80

1977 Siegfried Buback, West German procureur-general, murdered attorney-general

1977 Carl Zuckmayer, German/Swiss/US playwright (Second Wind), dies at 80

1976 Franz MT de Liage Bohl, German/Dutch assyriologist, dies at 94

1976 West German Gens Krupinski/Franke admit to being Nazis

1976 Helmuth Kohl's CDU wins German parliament election

1976 Lotte (Krause-)Lehmann, German soprano (More than singing), dies at 88

1976 Oskar Brusewitz, East German vicar, sets self on fire

1976 Diane Kruger, German Model

1976 Gustav Heinemann, German president, dies at 76

1976 Martin Heidegger, German philosopher (Holzweg), dies at 86

1976 Max Ernst, German/French surrealist painter/sculptor, dies at 85

1976 Werner Heisenberg, German Physicist

1975 Otto AP Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen, German diplomat, dies at 78

1975 Hannah Arendt, German Historian

1975 Max Ackermann, German "entartet" painter, dies at 88

1975 Otto Skorzeny, German/Austrian SS (Mussolini/Ardennen), dies

1975 West German embassy blown-up in Stockholm, Sweden

1975 Ruth Schaumann, German author/painter/sculptor, dies at 75

1975 Boris Blacher, German composer (Purloined Letter), dies at 72

1974 Walther Meissner, German physicist (Meissner Effect), dies at 91

1974 Oskar Schindler, German Businessman

1974 Mascha Kaleko, writer, German language poet, dies at 48

1974 Baldur von Schirach, German author/nazi politician, dies at 67

1974 Franka Potente, German Actress

1974 Helmut Schmidt becomes West German chancellor

1974 West German chancellor W. Brandt resigns

1974 Abraham Robinson, German Mathematician

1973 West German chancellor Willy Brandt normalizes trade with Czechoslovakia

1973 Leo Strauss, German Philosopher

1973 Willi Stoph succeeds Walter Ulbricht as East German party leader

1973 Anton Schnack, German writer/poet, dies at 81

1973 Willy Fritsch, German actor (Spies, Women in the Moon), dies at 72

1973 Max Horkheimer, German philosopher/sociologist, dies at 78

1973 Otto Klemperer, German/US conductor, dies at 88

1973 Otto Eissfeldt, German old testament scholar, dies at 85

1973 Istvan Kertesz, Hungarian/German conductor (London Symphony), dies at 43

1973 Hans D Jensen, German physicist (Nobel prize 1963), dies at 65

1972 Gunter Eich, German literary (Botschaften des Regens), dies at 65

1972 Herbert Eimert, German composer (Glockenspiel), dies at 75

1972 Willy Brandt re-elected West German chancellor

1972 Friedrich Christian Christiansen, German Luftwaffe general, dies

1972 Hans H B Scharoun, German architect (Berlin Philharmonic), dies at 79

1972 Willy Brandts SPD wins West German election

1972 Kurt Edzard, German sculptor (nudist/portraits), dies

1972 Kurt Hiller, born in Berlin, Jewish, pacifist, socialist, writer, Oranienburg concentration camp survivor, led the German homosexual rights movement, dies at 87

1972 East German Aeroflot Illyushin 62 crashes near Moscow, killing 156

1972 West German police arrested RAF leader Ulrike Meinhof

1972 German Chancellor Willy Brandt visits Israel

1972 West German police arrest RAF-leader Andreas Baader

1972 Adolf Bach, German philologist/sociologist, dies at 82

1972 Otto Brenner, German trade union leader, dies at 64

1972 C. W. Ceram, Kurt Marek, German/U.S. writer (1st American), dies at 57

1972 Stefan Wolpe, German composer (Zeus and Elidco), dies at 69

1972 Franz Halder, German Soldier

1972 German mass murderers "Three of Breda" freed

1972 Richard Courant, German/US mathematician, dies at 84

1971 West German union chancellor W Burns receives Nobel prize of peace

1971 Gerhard von Rad, German old testament expert, dies at 70

1971 West German Chancellor Willy Brandt is awarded Nobel Peace Prize

1971 West German chancellor Willy Brandt meets with soviet President Brezhnev

1971 Georg von Opel, German auto manufacturer, dies at 59

1971 Ludwig Marcuse, German philosopher, dies at 77

1971 Helene Weigel, Austrian/German actress (Metropolis), dies at 70

1971 Erich Honecker succeeds Walter Ulbricht as East German party leader

1970 Dora Paulen, German/Dutch cabaretiere, dies at about 72

1970 Erich M Remarque, German writer (Im West Nichts Neues), dies at 72

1970 Erich Maria Remarque, German Writer

1970 Rudolph Carnap, German philosopher/mathematician, dies at 79

1970 Jochen Rindt, German race car driver, dies at 28

1970 Ingolf Dahl, German composer (Andante and Arioso), dies at 58

1970 West German chancellor and East German premier Willy Brandt meet

1970 Dry powder avalanche moving at 120 mph smashes into youth hostel killing 40 Belgian, French, and German youths (Val d'Isere, France)

1970 Albert Mahll, German writer, dies at 76

1970 Max Born, German/British physicist (Nobel 1954), dies at 87

1969 West German President Heinemann visits Netherlands

1969 SPD wins West German Parliament elections

1969 Erika Mann, German/US author/daughter of Thomas Mann, dies

1969 Otto Stern, German/U.S. physicist (Nobel 1943), dies at 81

1969 Theodor Adorno, German philosopher/sociologist, dies at 65

1969 Otto Dix, German Artist

1969 Wilhelm Backhaus, German pianist (Rubinstein-1905), dies at 85

1969 Willy Ley, German Writer

1969 Franz JHMM von Papen, German chancellor (1932), dies at 89

1969 Franz von Papen, German Politician

1969 Gunther Weisenborn, German/Argentine writer (Illegals), dies at 66

1969 Rudolf Pannwitz, German author/philosopher (Urblik), dies at 87

1969 Karl Jaspers, German psychiatrist/philosopher, dies at 86

1969 Theodor Werner, German painter, dies at 82

1969 Michael Schumacher, German Celebrity

1968 Carl Oscar Ahues, German International Chess Master (1950), dies at 85

1968 Arnold Zweig, German antifascist/author (Junge frau 1914), dies at 81

1968 Otto Hahn, German physicist/chemist (Nobel 1944), dies at 89

1968 Joseph Keilberth, German conductor (Bayreuther Festival), dies

1968 E German party leader Ulbricht receives "Order of October Revolution"

1968 West German Parliament accepts emergency crisis law

1968 George KFW von Kuchler, German marshal (Netherlands 1940), dies at 86

1968 94.5% of East German voters approve new socialist constitution

1968 Erwin Panofsky, German/US art historian/iconologist, dies

1968 Georg von der Vring, German painter (Camp Lafayette), dies at 78

1967 Richard Kuhn, German chemist, dies

1967 Alfried Krupp, German industrialist, dies at 59

1967 Konrad Adenauer, German Statesman

1967 Max Ophuls, Oppenheimer, German/French actor (Caught, Exile), dies

1967 Franz Waxman, German composer (Day at the races), dies at 60

1967 Fritz Erler, German politician (SDP), dies at 53

1967 Otto Dibelius, German theologian/bishop, dies at 86

1966 Georg Kiesinger elected West German chancellor

1966 Bernhard Zondek, German/Israeli gynaecologist, dies at 75

1966 Wieland Wagner, German opera director, dies

1966 Fritz Wunderlich, German tenor (Stuttgart 1955-58), dies at 35

1966 Kasimir Edschmid, Karl E Schmidt, German writer, dies at 75

1966 Gerhard/Gerhart Pohl, German writer (Battle of Kolbenau), dies at 64

1966 Alex E von Falkenhausen, German general, dies at 87

1966 German Germanovich Galinin, composer, dies at 44

1966 Hermann Scherchen, German conductor/music publisher, dies at 74

1966 French and German media mistakenly report death of Roger Daltry

1966 55th German F-16 Starfighter crashes

1966 Paul Althaus, German theologist (That Christian Wahrheit), dies at 78

1966 Karl B Adam, German theologist (Jesus Christ), dies at 89

1966 Erwin Piscator, German director (Plebeians test rebellion), dies at 72

1966 Hans Hofmann, German/US painter (Search for the Real), dies at 85

1966 Josef Winckler, German dentist/writer (Tolle Bomberg), dies at 84

1965 Egon Freiherr von Eickstedt, German anthropologist, dies at 73

1965 Paul Tillich, German/US Theologist (Courage To Be), dies

1965 German Titov, born in Moscow, Russia, NHL center, Calgary Flames, Silver Medal 1998 Olympics

1965 Erhards CDU wins West German parliament elections

1965 Albert Schweitzer, German/French missionary (Nobel 1954), dies at 90

1965 Uwe Boll, German Director

1965 Martin Buber, German/Israel philosopher/zionist/theologist, dies at 87

1965 West German Bondsdag extends war crimes retribution

1965 East German president Ulbricht visits Egypt

1965 Christine Wachtel, E German running star, world indoor record 800m

1964 Bernard von Brentano, German writer (Big Cats), dies at 63

1964 Richard Scheibe, German sculptor (Adler mit Hakenkreuz), dies at 85

1964 Paul E Kahle, German orientalist, dies

1964 Leo Weismantel, German writer (Das Totenliebespar), dies at 76

1964 August Sander, German Photographer

1964 Evi Strasser, Bavaria German, equestrian 1996 Olympics

1964 Hermann A J Kees, German egyptologist, dies at 77

1964 Berthold Altaner, German church historian, dies at 80

1964 Beatles record in German "Komm, Gib Mir Diene Hand" and "Sie Leibt Dich"

1964 Edgar Maass, German/US author (Verdun), dies at 67

1963 Paul Hindemith, German composer (Composer's World), dies at 68

1963 Winifried P I Zillig, German composer and conductor (Opfer), dies at 58

1963 Erich Ollenhauer, German politician (SPD), dies at 62

1963 Ludwig Erhard follows Conrad Adenauer as West German Chancellor

1963 West German Chancellor Adenauer condemns western grain shipments to U.S.S.R.

1963 Ernst Kantorowicz, German/US historian, dies at 68

1963 Thomas Perry, German Musician

1963 Werner Erich Josten, German composer (Jungle), dies at 77

1963 Petra Schneider, E German swimming star, world record 400m

1962 Therese Neumann, German stigma, dies at 64

1962 Hermann Standiger, German chemist (Nobel 1953), dies at 84

1962 Hanns Eisler, composer (North Vietnam/East German National Anthem), dies at 64

1962 Walter Anderson, German Writer

1962 E German border guards shot and kill Peter Fechter, 18, attempting to cross Berlin Wall into western sector

1962 Hermann Hesse, German/Swiss poet/author (Nobel 1946), dies at 85

1962 Herman Hesse, German Author

1962 Caspar Neher, German set designer/librettist, dies at 65

1962 Adolf Eichmann, German Criminal

1962 Will Vesper, German author (Tristan und Isolde), dies at 79

1962 Wilhelm Pessler, German sociologist, dies at 81

1961 Kathrin Dorre, East German marathoner 1988 Olympics bronze

1961 Reinhard Herbig, German archaeologist, dies at 63

1961 CDU loses West German election

1961 Thomas Dooley, German Athlete

1961 Karl Albiker, German sculptor (Problem of the Plastic), dies at 83

1960 Eduard Ludwig, German architect (Hansa quarter, Berlin), dies at 54

1960 Gunther AR Raphael, German composer (Busskantate), dies at 57

1960 Emil Strauss, German writer (Vaterland), dies

1960 Hans Albers, German actor (Blue Angel), dies at 68

1960 Albrecht von Kesselring, German Field Marshal (Italy), dies at 74

1960 WH Walter Baade, German/US astronomer (Andromeda), dies at 67

1960 Heike Walpot, German, cosmonaut

1960 Joseph Haas, German (opera)composer (Totenmesse), dies at 81

1960 Fritz Klimsch, German sculptor/painter, dies at 90

1960 Joseph Haas, German opera composer (Totenmesse), dies at 81

1959 Saar becomes part of German Federal Republic

1959 George Grosz, German cartoonist/painter (Ecce Homo), dies at 65

1959 Peter Suhrkamp, German publisher (Suhrkamp Verlag), dies at 68

1959 A J Else Mauhs, German/Dutch actress (Hamlet, Nora), dies at 73

1958 Cornelia Funke, German Author

1958 Theodore Krieger, German author (Forgotten Village), dies at 61

1958 Max Jakob Friedlander, German/Dutch art historian, dies at 91

1958 Leo Blech, studied with Engelbert Humperdinck, German opera composer, dies at 87

1958 Karl Erb, German tenor, dies on 81st birthday

1958 Kurt Alder, German chemist (Nobel 1950), dies

1958 Alfred Weber, German economist/sociologist, dies at 89

1958 Richard B Goldschmidt, German zoologist (butterflies), dies

1958 West German parliament desires German atomic weapons

1958 Earnest H Heinkel, German airplane builder (WW II), dies at 70

1958 Paul Fechter, German writer/historian (God's Magician), dies

1957 Fritz Schulz, German law historian (Classical Roman Law), dies at 78

1957 German Dem Rep recalls East Mark and issues new currency

1957 Erich Auerbach, German writer and educator, dies

1957 German sailing school ship Pamir sails Atlantic Ocean

1957 Heinrich O Wieland, German chemist (Nobel 1927), dies at 80

1957 Hansi Muller, born in Stuttgart, Germany, athlete, footballer, played for German national football team

1957 Richard Mohaupt, German composer (Bucolica), dies at 52

1957 Alfred Doblin, German/French author/co-founder (Sturm), dies at 78

1957 Heinrich Campendonk, German painter/wood carver/glasier, dies at 67

1957 Ludwig Schiedermair, German musicologist (Beethoven), dies at 80

1957 Max Ophuls, Maximilian Oppenheimer, German/French director, dies

1957 Walther Bothe, German Physicist

1957 Friedrich von Paulus, German field marshall (Stalingrad), dies at 66

1957 France returns Saar to becomes the 10th state of German Federal Rep

1956 Martin Albertz, German theologist (Jesus Christ's Church), dies at 73

1956 Walter Gieseking, German pianist/composer, dies at 60

1956 Constantine Freiherr von Neurath, German foreign minister, dies at 83

1956 Bertold Brecht, German writer (Mother Courage), dies at 58

1956 Freiherr Constantine von Neurath, German Foreign Minister (1932-38), dies

1956 Bertolt Brecht, German Poet

1956 Ludwig Klages, German philosopher (Study of Graves), dies at 83

1956 Ludwig Klages, German philosopher/graphologist, dies at 83

1956 Lulu [Luise] Strauss und Torney, German poet and writer, dies at 82

1956 Hermann Abendroth, German conductor (Gewandhausorkest), dies at 73

1956 Albrecht G Alt, German theologist (Small Schriften), dies at 72

1956 Ernst R Curtius, German literature historian, dies at 70

1956 Emile Nolde [Hansen], German painter (Grablegung Christi), dies at 88

1956 Fritz Kunkel, German physician/charachterologist, dies at 66

1956 German war criminals Hinrichsen/Ruhl/Siebens/Viebahn freed

1956 Friedrich Panzer, German germanist (Hilde-Gudrun), dies at 85

1956 Gunther Ramin, German organist/composer/choir conductor, dies at 57

1956 Karl L Schmidt, German/Swiss theologist (Urchristentum), dies at 64

1955 Ed Kuepper, German/Australian, singer and songwriter, Saints

1955 Otto Braun, German Politician

1955 Hermann Weyl, German Mathematician

1955 1st West German officers sworn in

1955 Roland Emmerich, German Director

1955 Austria resumed its sovereignty after departure of last Allied occupation forces, for 1st time since German occupation of 1938

1955 Thomas Mann, German writer (Dr. Faustus, Nobel 1929), dies at 80

1955 Max Pechstein, German painter/graphic artist (Oceania), dies at 73

1955 Edwin Scharff, German painter/sculptor (Rossebandiger), dies at 68

1955 German Federal Republic joins NATO

1955 West German unions protest for 40-hour work week and more wages

1955 Albert Einstein, German U.S. physicist, dies

1955 Nina Hagen, German Musician

1955 U.S.S.R. ends state of war with German Federal Republic

1954 Wilhelm Furtwangler, German conductor/composer, dies at 68

1954 Professor Werner Elert, German Lutheran theologist, dies at 69

1954 Friedrich Lubke, German politician, dies at 67

1954 Peter Anders, German opera singer, dies

1954 Hermann W. S. Waltershausen, German musicologist/composer, dies at 71

1954 West German secret service head Otto John defects to East Germany

1954 Angela Merkel, German Statesman

1954 German airline Lufthansa forms

1954 Heinz Guderian, German Soldier

1954 Ludwig Curtius, German archaeologist (Die antike Kunst), dies at 79

1954 German government refuses to recognize DDR

1953 Eduard Kunneke, German composer (Majority Sunderin), dies at 68

1953 Conrad Adenauer elected West German chancellor

1953 Ludwig Strauss, German/Israeli writer (Heimliche Gegenwart), dies

1953 Martin Kippenberger, German Artist

1953 Karl R G von Rundstedt, German General-Field Marshal (Ardennes), dies at 77

1953 Gerd von Rundstedt, German Soldier

1953 Theo Mackeben, German pianist/composer (Golden Cage), dies at 56

1952 Karen Horney, German/US neo freudian psycho analyst, dies at 67

1952 Egypt protests German retribution payments to Israel

1952 Alfred Neumann, German writer, dies at 56

1952 West German Chancellor Adenauer signs a reparation pact for Jews

1952 Rudolf Schenker, German rock guitarist, Scorpions-Virgin Killer

1952 German and Israeli reach accord about recovery payments

1952 Kurt Schumacher, German politician/chairman (SPD), dies

1952 East German SED decides to form East Germany army

1952 Walter Schellenberg, German lawyer/headed spy (Venlo), dies

1952 German "Country" Bathe-Wurttemberg forms

1952 Failed assassination attempt of German Chancellor Adenauer

1952 Wilhelm Albrecht, German SD-chief, executed

1952 Alfred Einstein, German/US musicologist, dies at 71

1951 Wolfgang Schulze, Wols, German drawer/painter, dies at 38

1951 Earnest F Sauerbruch, German nazi/surgeon, dies at 75

1951 Armin Knab, German composer (Wunderhorn), dies at 70

1951 Alfred Hugenberg, German RC president-director of Krupp/media magnate, dies

1951 Alfred Krupp and 28 other German war criminals freed

1951 Ferdinand Porsche, German car inventor (Porsche), dies at 75

1951 Wilhelm Schafer, German writer (Mein Leben), dies at 82

1951 German general F Christian freed early from Dutch prison

1950 Max Beckmann, German painter/graphic artist, dies at 66

1950 Albrecht Schaeffer, German writer (Heroische Fahrt), dies at 65

1950 Hedwig Courts-Mahler, German author, dies at 83

1950 Great Three acknowledge Bond government as only German government

1950 East German premier Grotewohl pleads for German reunification

1950 Hague Council of Annulment convicts German war criminals W Lages, FH Van de Funten and F Fischer to death

1950 Johannes Bednorz, German superconductivity physicist, Nobel 1987

1950 Karl Straube, German organist/conductor, dies

1950 Kurt Julian Weill, German composer (Dreigroschenoper), dies at 50

1950 Walter Eucken, German economist, dies at 59

1950 L Heinrich Mann, German/US writer (Between the Races), dies at 78

1950 Eduard Hermann, German linguist (Homer), dies at 80

1950 Gustav Krupp, German Businessman

1949 Petra Kelly, German peace activist/MP, Green

1949 Gustav Radbruch, German Minister of Justice, dies

1949 German Dem Rep formed from Russian occupation zone (National Day)

1949 Theodor Zockler, German theologist (Jodenzending), dies at 82

1949 Richard Strauss, German composer 'Don Quixote' and 'Metamorphosis', dies at 85

1949 Hans Erich Pfitzner, Russian/German composer, dies at 80

1949 Klaus H T Mann, German/US writer (Turning Point), dies

1949 Klaus Mann, German writer, dies at 42

1949 West German constitution approved

1949 Hanns A Rauter, German SS-commandant in Netherland, executed at 54

1948 Karl Bonhoeffer, German psychiatrist/neurologist, dies

1948 Julius Curtius, German foreign minister (1929- ), dies at 71

1948 [Heinrich A H] Walther von Brauchitsch, German Field Marshal, dies

1948 Paul Wegener, German actor and director (Golem, Svengali), dies at 73

1948 Gerhard Kittel, German anti-semite theologist, dies

1948 Gerhard Anschutz, German professor, dies at 81

1948 Joschka Fischer, German Politician

1948 Helen Ernst, German poster artist/resistance fighter, dies at about 43

1948 Johann Blaskowitz, German General (surrendered at Wageningen), dies at 64

1948 Manfred Kokot, East German runner, world record 50 m indoor

1948 Hermann K J Zilcher, German pianist/composer (Liebesmesse), dies at 66

1947 Franz X. Ritter von Epp, German General (SW Africa), dies at 79

1947 Franz Zorell, German RC lexicographer, dies at 84

1947 Wolfgang Borchert, German author (Draussen vor of the Tur), dies at 26

1947 Martin Dibelius, German theologist (That Drawer Jahwes), dies at 64

1947 Max KEL Planck, German physicist (constantly of P, Nobel 1918), dies

1947 Paul Guthnick, German astronomer, dies at 76

1947 Friedrich Paschen, German physicist, dies at 82

1947 Veit Valentin, German/US historian (German People), dies at 61

1947 Jonas Cohn, German/English philosopher (Wertwissenschaft), dies at 77

1946 German "Country" Nedersaksen forms

1946 West German state of Niedersachsen formed

1946 German rocket engineers begin work in U.S.S.R.

1946 Alfred G Jodl, Colonel General/German staff chief weather authority, hanged

1946 Alfred Rosenberg, German war criminal, hanged

1946 Fritz Sauckel, German war criminal, hanged

1946 Hans Franc, German war criminal, hanged

1946 Joachim von Ribbentrop, German war criminal, hanged

1946 Julius Streicher, German District Leader (Of Sturmer), hanged

1946 Wilhelm Frick, German war criminal, hanged

1946 Wilhelm Keitel, German Field Marshal, hanged

1946 Hans Frank, German Public Servant

1946 Alfred Jodl, German Soldier

1946 Heinrich George, German actor (Jud Suss), commits suicide at 52

1946 Paul Lincke, German composer and conductor (Lysistrata), dies at 79

1946 Narziss Oh, German psychology, dies

1946 Daria Semegen, born in Bambery, West German, composer, classical music, electronic music genres, Fulbright Fellow

1946 Rainer Werner Fassbinder, German director, Marriage of Maria Braum

1946 Werner von Blomberg, German minister of Reichswehr, dies at 67

1946 Rainer Werner Fassbinder, German director/actor, Ehe der Maria Braun

1945 Robert Ley, German nazi, commits suicide

1945 German rocket engineers begin work in U.S.

1945 Franz Beckenbauer, German Athlete

1945 Franz Werfel, Czechoslovakian/German/U.S. poet and writer, 'Mirror Man', dies at 54

1945 Wim Wenders, West German director, American Friend, Hammett

1945 German island of Helgoland in North Sea surrenders to British

1945 German war criminal Heinrich Himmler captured

1945 Formal undertaking of complete German surrender

1945 General J. Blaskowitz surrenders German troops in Netherlands

1945 German troops in Netherlands, Denmark and Norway surrender

1945 Allies arrests German nuclear physics Werner Heisenberg

1945 German ship "Cap Arcona" sinks in East Sea, 5,800 killed

1945 German Army in Italy surrenders

1945 Admiral Karl Doenitz forms German government

1945 Red Army opens attack on German Reichstag building in Berlin

1945 Adolph Hitler, German dictator (1936-45), commits suicide at 56

1945 Terms of surrender of German armies in Italy signed

1945 Kathe Kollwitz, German graphic artist, dies at 77

1945 Allied troops occupy German nuclear laboratory

1945 German occupiers flood Beemster and Fencer

1945 U.S. 7th army captured German city of Nuremberg

1945 Clandestine Radio 1212, after broadcasting pro-nazi propoganda for months used their influence to trap 350,000 German army group B troops

1945 German occupiers flood Wieringermeer, Netherlands

1945 Walter Model, German Field Marshal, commits suicide at 54

1945 German troops in Groningen surrender

1945 German troops attack Ijsselbrug

1945 Dietrich Bonhoeffer, German theologist/antifascist, hanged

1945 Hans Oster, German major-general/spy, "July 20th plot", hanged

1945 Theodor Haecker, German cultural philosopher (Mensch?), dies at 65

1945 1st and last assault of German Rammkommando on U.S. bombers

1945 Hans Fischer, German physicist (Nobel 1930), dies at 63

1945 Karl T Sapper, German geographer/geologist (Vulkankunde), dies at 79

1945 Last German V-2 (buzz bomb) attack on London

1945 General Eisenhower declares German defenses on Western Front broken

1945 Adolf Hitler issues Nero Decree: destruction of German facilities

1945 Fritz Fromm, German supreme commander of Reserve army, executed

1945 Anselm Kiefer, German Artist

1945 Adolf Bartels, German writer/racist, dies at 82

1945 Roland Freisler, German Nazi judge (July 20th plotter case), dies

1945 German ship "Wilhelm Gustloff" torpedoed, 4,800 killed

1945 Gottlieb J Haberlandt, Hungarian/German botanist, dies at 90

1945 Helmuth J Moltke, German politician ("July 20th Plot"), executed at 37

1945 Marie-Christine AHI von Leibnitz, German, British princess

1945 German forces in Belgium retreat in Battle of Bulge

1945 Lord Haw-Haw reports total German victory at Ardennen

1945 German air raid on allied airports at Eindhoven/Saint-Trond/Brussels

1944 Vassily V Kandinsky, Russian/German/French painter, dies

1944 German V-2 strikes Antwerp bioscope (638 kill)

1944 German occupiers forbid use of electricity in parts of Holland

1944 German counter attack at Dillingen-bridgehead at Saar

1944 German troops rob all the silver coin in Utrecht

1944 German troops seize Betuwse dikes

1944 RAF sink German battleship "Tirpitz" at Tromso Fjord Norway

1944 German riots in Rotterdam/Schiedam 52,000 men sent to Germany

1944 Last German troops at Walcheren surrenders

1944 Walter Nowotny, German combat/jet fighter pilot, dies

1944 German troops blow-up Heusden North Brabant city hall, 134 die

1944 German troops reconquer Schmidt Hurtgenwald

1944 German troops in Vlissingen surrenders

1944 During WW II, U.S. troops capture Aachen, 1st large German city to fall

1944 Erwin Rommel, German Field Marshal (WW II-Africa), suicide at 52

1944 German army retreats from Athens

1944 German occupier turn off electricity in Amsterdam

1944 Rudolf Schmundt, German gen/Hitlers army adjunct, dies from injuries

1944 Paul Grabner, German SS-captain, dies in battle in Arnhem

1944 Dutch begin railroad strike against German occupiers

1944 ... Kussin, German General-maj/commanding Arnhem, dies in battle

1944 Erwin von Witzleben, German Field Marshal, hanged at 62

1944 Killinger, German ambassador to Romania, commits suicide

1944 Anti German rebellion in Slovakia

1944 Last German troops in Marseille surrendered and Toulon cleared

1944 Ernst Thalmann, German communist, dies in Buchenwald

1944 Bulgaria announces withdrawal and German troops are to be disarmed

1944 U.S. and British forces destroy German 7th Army at Falaise-Argentan Gap

1944 Gunther von Kluge, German field marshal, commits suicide, dies at 62

1944 Ernst "Teddy" Thalmann, leader of German KPD, dies

1944 German Field Marshal Model replaces von Kluge in Normandy

1944 German field marshal von Kluge vanishes for one day

1944 Erwin von Witzleben, German Field Marshal, hanged at 62

1944 Erwin von Witzleben, German Field Marshal, hanged

1944 German counter attack at Avranches fails

1944 Felix Nussbaum, German painter (Widerstandskunst), dies in Auschwitz

1944 Allied jailbreak at St-Lo, behind German lines

1944 300 allied bombers drop fire bombs on Allied/German positions

1944 Helmuth J von Moltke, German earl (July 20th plotter), executed

1944 Field Marshal von Kluge consults with German commandant at Caen

1944 Brandt, col/German staff chief, dies in bombing

1944 Claus Schenk von Stauffenberg, count/German antifascist colonel, dies

1944 Friedrich Olbricht, German general (July 20th plotter), executed

1944 Heinz Burns, German, Gold Medal 1936 Olympics, dies in bombing

1944 Mertz, German colonel (July 20th plotter), executed

1944 Werner von Haeffen, German lieutenant (July 20th plotter), executed

1944 Claus von Stauffenberg, German Soldier

1944 British air raid on German convoy SW of Helgoland

1944 Wolfgang Redlich, German major/pilot, dies in battle

1944 Erich Salomon, German photographer, dies

1944 1,100 U.S. guns fire 4th of July salute at German lines in Normandy

1944 Gestapo arrests German Social Democrat Julius Leber

1944 2500+ killed in London and South East England by German flying bombs

1944 German counter attack at Caen

1944 German counter attack on Villers-Bocage Normandy

1944 German defense line in Italy collapsed

1944 W. G. Sebald, German Writer

1944 91 German bombers harass Bristol

1944 German assault on Tito's hideout in Drvar Bosnia

1944 Exercise "Tiger" ends with 750 U.S. soldiers dead in D-Day rehearsal after their convoy ships were attacked by German torpedo boats

1944 Gerhard Schroeder, German Statesman

1944 Isolde Kurz, German writer/poet (Meine Mutter), dies at 90

1944 German Abwehr ends England spiel, after 132 killed

1944 Otto von Below, German commandant (WW I), dies at 86

1944 German troops reconquer Aprilia Italy

1944 285 German bombers attack London

1944 447 German bombers attack London

1944 Heinrich zu Sayn-Wittgenstein, German major/pilot, shot down

1944 Vlastimil Hort, Czechoslovakian/German chess player

1944 Adolph Goldschmidt, German/Swiss art historian, dies at 80

1943 German warship "Scharnhorst" sinks in Barents Sea

1943 British sink German battle cruiser Scharnhorst

1943 Silvia Sommerlath, German wife of King Carl XVI of Sweden, 1973-

1943 Carlo Mierendorff, German politician/antifascist, dies at 46

1943 Martin Raschke, German author/war correspondent, dies at 38

1943 Bernhard Lichtenberg, German clergyman/antifascist, dies at 67

1943 Stalin says: "The issue of German fascism is lost"

1943 German occupiers forbid flying of kites (6 month jail sentence)

1943 1st Silbertanne-murder by German occupiers in Meppel

1943 German riots at Amsterdam Jews

1943 German counter attack at Salerno

1943 German paratroopers, on orders of Adolf Hitler, seize former Italian dictator Benito Mussolini who was being held prisoner by the government

1943 Last German Q/pirate ship sinks near Easter Island

1943 German troops occupied Rome and took over the protection of Vatican City

1943 15 German JU-88's sink Italian flag ship Rome

1943 Otto Selz, German psychologist (In Auschwitz), dies

1943 German occupiers impose 72-hour work week

1943 Johann P Zilcher, German composer, dies at 88

1943 U.S. air raid on German bases at Gilze-Rijen/Vlissingen

1943 Hans Jeschonnek, German air force general/chief-staff, commits suicide

1943 Gustav Schmidt, German Lieutenant-General, dies in battle

1943 Ismar Elbogen, German/US learned/rabbi (Jewish Lexicon), dies at 68

1943 Kurt Huber, German philosopher/resistance fighter, dies at 50

1943 Pope Pius XII receives German ambassador baron von Weizsacker

1943 2nd day of battle at Kursk: 25,000 German killed

1943 German round up Jews in Amsterdam

1943 German occupiers arrest Louvain University's chancellor

1943 German assault on Sebastopol Krim, begins

1943 German troops destroy synagogue of Warsaw

1943 German and Italian forces in Africa surrender

1943 German occupiers confiscate all radios

1943 German troops in Tunisia North Africa surrender

1943 5th German Pantser army surrenders in Tunisia

1943 German troops vacate Jefna Tunisia

1943 German Wehrmacht deployed in order to break Dutch strikes

1943 German plane sinks boat loaded with Palestinian Jews bound for Malta

1943 German counter attack in North-Tunisia

1943 RAF shoots down 14 German transport planes over Mediterranean Sea

1943 Alexander Schmorell, German resistance fighter, beheaded

1943 Kurt Huber, German resistance fighter, beheaded

1943 Willy Graf, German resistance fighter, beheaded

1943 40 German bombers attack Haarlem, Netherlands, 85 killed

1943 Oskar Schlemmer, German painter/sculptor, dies at 54

1943 Conrad Veidt, German/US actor (Cabinet of Dr. Calgary), dies at 50

1943 German counter attack on U.S. lines in Tunisia

1943 German U-384 bombed and sinks

1943 German assault moves to Beja North Tunisia

1943 German troops pull back through Kasserine-pass Tunisia

1943 Christoph Probst, German resistance fighter (That Weisse Rose), dies

1943 Hans Scholl, German resistance fighter (White Rose), beheaded at 24

1943 Sophie Scholl, German resistance fighter (Die Weisse Rose), beheaded

1943 German offensive at Western Dorsalgebergte Tunisia

1943 German tanks under Brigadier General Buelowius attack Kasserine Pass Tunesia

1943 German offensive through de Faid-pass Tunisia

1943 David Hilbert, German mathematician (Hilbert Space), dies at 81

1943 German assault on Sidi Bou Zid Tunisia, General Eisenhower visits front

1943 German riots at "plutocratenzoontjes," 1,200 in Vught Camp

1943 Battle of Stalingrad ends with final surrender of the German army

1943 German 6th Army surrenders at Stalingrad, turning point of WW II

1943 German occupiers make Vidkun Quisling Norwegian premier

1943 German assault on French in Tunisia

1943 German under officers shot down in Haarlem, Netherlands

1943 Operation-Weiss: Assault of German, Italian, Bulgarian and Croatian

1943 German 2nd SS-Pantzer division evacuates Charkow

1943 Russian offensive against German 6th/4th Armies near Stalingrad

1942 Russian artillery/tank battle on German armies at Stalingrad

1942 Red army occupies German airports at Tasjinskaja and Morozowsk

1942 Jean Gilbert, Max Winterfield, German composer, dies at 63

1942 Allies in London sentence German war criminals

1942 German offensive in South Western Stalingrad

1942 North Africa: 5th German pantser army forms under Colonel General von Arnim

1942 German scout ship Altmark explode and sinks off Yokohama

1942 German 4th and 6th Army surrounded at Stalingrad

1942 Soviet army offensive, 1 million Russians breach German lines

1942 Joseph Goebbels visits "German Theatre in the Niederlanden"

1942 Last German offensive in Stalingrad

1942 German occupiers put Erik Scavenius as Danish premier

1942 Carl Sternheim, German playwright (Trousers, Snob), dies at 64

1942 German units go through Red October-factory in Stalingrad

1942 Georg Stumme, German general/commandant of African corps, dies

1942 German 6th Army occupies Tractorenfabriek, 3,000 German's die

1942 German assault on Tractor factory, 1000s killed

1942 Last camouflaged German raider Komet leaves Flushing harbor (Netherlands)

1942 Erich Kuttner, German journalist/historian (Vorwarts), dies

1942 German assault on Tractor factory in Stalingrad

1942 Heavy German assault in Stalingrad

1942 German troops occupy train station Stalingrad-1

1942 German forces attack Stalingrad

1942 German occupiers take silver anniversary coins in battle

1942 German troops enter Stalingrad

1942 German troops land on Taman peninsula

1942 Battle at Alam Halfa: German and Italians assault

1942 Von Bismarck, German major general, (Africa Corps), dies in battle

1942 Alpine hunters plant German flag on Elbroezgebergte, Kaukasus

1942 General Paulus orders German 6th Army to conquer Stalingrad

1942 German 1st tank leader captures Elista, Kalmukkensteppe

1942 Edith Stein, German philosopher, dies

1942 German troops cross Kuban River

1942 German occupier orders all Dutch homing pigeons killed

1942 German occupier demands listing of all Dutch telephone subscribers

1942 German SS gases 1,000 Jews in Minsk, Belorussia

1942 German SS kills 25,000 Jews in Minsk, Belorussia

1942 German occupiers set night curfew on Jews in Netherlands

1942 German troops occupy Rostov

1942 German troops strike at Tsym Lyanskaja

1942 German troops conquer Rostow

1942 German occupiers confiscate bicycles in Rotterdam and Hague

1942 German occupiers imprison 800 prominent Dutch as hostages

1942 German troops conquer Sebastopol

1942 German assault on British at Mersa Matruh

1942 Hans Lietzman, German theologist/church historian, dies at 67

1942 German troops conquer Tobruk, North Africa

1942 German army defeated at El-Alamein North Africa

1942 Reinhard Heydrich, German protector (Bohemia/Moravia (Lidice)), dies

1942 Reinhard Heydrich, German protector of Bohemia and Moravia, assassinated

1942 Jean F van Royen, German secretary PTT (camp Amersfoort), dies

1942 Top German Nazi Reinhard Heydrich is shot and mortally wounded in Prague

1942 German summer offensive opens in Crimea

1942 German occupiers imprison 450 prominent Dutch as hostages

1942 German occupiers forbids Dutch access to their beach

1942 Heavy German assault on Malta

1942 Jochen Rindt, German race car driver

1942 Destroyer Roper sinks German U-85 of U.S. east coast

1942 Heavy German assault on Malta

1942 German submarine U-585 sinks

1942 Allies raid German submarine base in St. Nazaire

1942 German offensive in North-Africa under Colonel General Rommel

1942 Heavy German assault on Malta

1942 Heavy German assault on Malta

1942 Major German assault on Malta

1942 German battle cruiser Gneisenau deactivated by bomb

1942 Voice of America begins broadcasting (in German)

1942 German submarines attack Aruba oil refinery

1942 German U-boat shells at Antillian oil refinery

1942 3 German battle cruisers escape via Channel to Brest N Germany

1942 Fritz Todt, German Reichs minister (Organization Todt), dies at 50

1942 Heidi Bruhl, German actress and singer, Madels vom Immenhof

1942 German and Italian troops occupy Banghazi

1942 German troops occupy Benghazi Libya

1942 Italian supreme command demands dismissal of German marshal Rommel

1942 Titus Brandsma arrested by German occupiers

1942 German U-boats begin harassing shipping on U.S. east coast

1942 55 German tanks reach North-Africa

1942 German troops in Bardia surrender

1941 German submarine U-567 sinks

1941 German submarine U-574 sinks

1941 Hitler takes complete command of German Army

1941 German submarine U-434 sinks

1941 German submarine U-31 sunk

1941 German troops led by Rommel begin retreating in North Africa

1941 German submarine U-127 sinks

1941 German occupiers forbid National Front and Netherland Union

1941 German occupying army do a house search in Paris looking for Jews

1941 German siege of Tobruk after 8 months ends

1941 British cruiser Devonshire sinks German sub Python

1941 German troops vacate Rostov

1941 German Jews in Netherlands declared stateless (lose of nationality)

1941 Indian infantry attacks German tanks at Sidi Omar

1941 German troops conquer Klin, at NW of Moscow

1941 British cruiser Devonshire sinks German sub Atlantis

1941 German Q/pirate ship Kormoran sinks near Australia

1941 Walter H Nernst, German chemist (Nobel Prize 1920), dies at 77

1941 Earnest Udet, German general/head air pioneer, commits suicide

1941 German troops conquer Kertsh (probably)

1941 German Abweht consults with Chetnikleider Draza Mihailovic

1941 German troops occupy Rostov

1941 1st mass deportation of German Jews to Eastern Europe

1941 German U-boat torpedoes U.S. destroyer Kearney

1941 German army occupies Viarma, U.S.S.R.

1941 German army occupies Briansk, U.S.S.R.

1941 German assault on Moscow: operation-Taifun, begins

1941 Friedrich Angel, German mathematician (group theory), dies at 79

1941 Bomb explosion in German headquarter in Hotel Continental in Kiev

1941 German air raid on Russian naval base Kronstadt (battleship Marat sinks)

1941 German army conquerors Kiev

1941 Nazi's force German Jews, 6 and over to wear Jewish stars

1941 German armour troops surround Kiev Ukraine

1941 Hitler orders for every dead German, 100 Yugoslavian be killed

1941 1st German ship in WW II captured by U.S. ship (Busko)

1941 Gustav Ehrismann, German germanist, dies at 85

1941 All Jews over age 6 in German territories ordered to wear a star

1941 U.S. destroyer Greer fires on German submarine U-652

1941 German Einsatzkommando in Russia kills 1,469 Jewish children

1941 German troops conquer Nowgorod, Leningrad

1941 German raider attacks Dutch SS Kota Nopan

1941 Josef Jakobs, German spy, executed in Tower of London

1941 German troops conquer Roslavl U.S.S.R.

1941 German 11st Army surrounds 20 Russian divisions at Oeman

1941 Luftwaffe bombs German 23rd division

1941 German occupiers forbid SDAP, VDB, ARP, RKSP, CHU and SGP in Netherlands

1941 German army enters Ukraine

1941 German troops attack Dnjepr

1941 German occupiers disband political parties

1941 German and Romanian soldiers kill 11,000 Jews in Kishinev

1941 German troops occupy Galicia Poland

1941 German U-203 fails on torpedo attack on U.S. battleship Texas

1941 Ulf D Merbold, German physicist/astronaut, STS-9, 42, Soyuz TM-19

1941 German occupiers stamp "J" on Jewish passports

1941 Hans Berger, German Scientist

1941 German occupiers forbids Jews access to beach and swimming pools

1941 German capture Kreta

1941 German battleship Bismarck sunk by British naval force

1941 Gunther Lutjens, German Admiral (Bismarck), dies

1941 Ark Royal airplane sights German battleship Bismarck

1941 German occupiers begin youth labor

1941 German airforce occupies airport at Maleme Kreta

1941 Last great German air attack on Great Britain (Birmingham)

1941 English Army breaks German spy codes

1941 German Q-ship Pinguin sinks in Indian Ocean

1941 German air raid on Liverpool

1941 German assault on Tobruk

1941 German troops occupy Athens Greece

1941 Greece Army surrenders to German Nazis RAF brings Greek king George II to Egypt

1941 100 German bombers attack Athens

1941 1st massive German raid in Paris, 3,600 Jews rounded up

1941 Heavy German assault on Tobruk

1941 German troops conquer Libyan county Cyrenaica

1941 German bombardment on Piraeus (munitions ship explodes)

1941 German troops conquer Banghazi

1941 Churchill warns Stalin of German invasion

1941 German counter offensive in North-Africa

1941 German troops occupy El Agheila Libya

1941 Robert Liefmann, German economist (Kartelle und Trusts), dies at 67

1941 Joachim Schepke, German commandant (U-100), dies in battle

1941 German occupiers confiscate AVRO studios in Netherlands

1941 Arnold Schering, German musicologist, dies at 63

1941 Gunther Prien, German commandant (U-47), dies in battle

1941 Ludwig Quidde, German historian/politician (Nobel 1927), dies at 82

1941 German troops invade Bulgaria

1941 Oskar Loerke, German director (Longest Day-1926), dies at 56

1941 German assault on El Agheila Libya

1941 German Africa Corps lands in Tripoli, Libya

1941 Sicherheitsdienst complains about Dutch anti German sentiments

1941 Joseph Schmidlin, German church historian, murdered at 67

1941 Jorg Reme, German/Dutch painter/graphic artist

1940 Russian general Zhukov warns of German assault

1940 Gestapo arrest German resistance fighter/poster artist Helen Ernst

1940 Fritz Volbach, German musicologist/conductor/composer, dies at 78

1940 German air raid on Birmingham fails

1940 German air raid on Birmingham fails

1940 During WW II, German planes destroy most of Coventry, England

1940 German occupiers issue identity cards

1940 Heavy German air raid on London, 400 killed

1940 German troops occupies Romania

1940 12 German aircraft shot down above England

1940 17 German aircrafts shot down above England

1940 47 German aircrafts shot down above England

1940 Nazi occupiers present "New Dutch Culture" in German

1940 55 German aircraft shot down above England

1940 Walter Benjamin, German/French literature critic/writer, dies at 48

1940 German High Commissioner in Norway sets up Vidkun Quisling government

1940 19 German aircrafts shot down above England

1940 German bomb hits shelter in Chelsea; 100s die

1940 28 German aircraft shot down above England

1940 German Air Force blitz London for 1st of 57 consecutive nights

1940 German occupiers in Netherlands begin soap ration

1940 Paul G Nipkow, German TV pioneer (Nipkow disk), dies at 80

1940 German Luftwaffe begins night bombing on London

1940 71 German aircrafts shot down above England

1940 45 German aircrafts shot down over England

1940 Heavy dogfights above England: 75 German aircrafts damaged

1940 Goering's "Adler Tag" 45-48 German aircrafts shotdown over South-Engld

1940 38 German aircrafts shot down above England

1940 German air raid on British harbors Portland/Weymouth

1940 31 German aircraft shot down over England

1940 German occupiers forbid ritual slaughters and English and French movies

1940 Paul Hirsch, German Politician

1940 "Blitz" all-night air raid by German bombers on London begins

1940 British and German dogfight above Lyme Bay

1940 German planes attack British ships in the Canal

1940 German Evangelist Church protests against euthanasia pogroms

1940 German occupiers forbids anti-nazis speeches

1940 German occupiers forbids using Dutch royal names

1940 Dutch Prime Minister Colijn publishes "Borders of 2 Worlds" (German victory)

1940 Paul Klee, Swiss/German painter/tutor (Modern Art), dies at 60

1940 SS rounds up 31 German/Polish/Dutch Jews in Roermond, Netherlands

1940 Vladimir Koppen, Russian/German/Australia meteorologist, dies at 93

1940 German occupiers disband Dutch States-General/Council of State

1940 German 7th Armour division under General-Major Rommel occupies Cherbourg

1940 German occupiers slaughter cattle, pigs and chickens

1940 France surrenders to Hitler, German troops occupy Paris

1940 German U-47 sinks airship Balmoral

1940 German forces occupied Paris during WW II

1940 Paris evacuates before German advance

1940 German "Dutch Q-ship Atlantis" sinks Norwegian tanker

1940 German 5th Armour division occupies Rouen

1940 Arthur Zimmermann, German Statesman

1940 General Von Bock starts German offensive in Somme

1940 German forces enter Paris

1940 Heavy German bombing on Dunkirk beach

1940 German troops conquer Boulogne

1940 German tanks reach Atrecht France

1940 German troops conquer Brussels

1940 German armour division moves into Northern France

1940 German troops occupy Amsterdam, General Winkelman surrenders

1940 German breakthrough at Sedan

1940 German breakthrough at Grebbelinie

1940 German tanks conquer Moerdijkbrug

1940 Carl Bosch, German chemist (BASF, IG Farben, Nobel 1931), dies at 65

1940 2nd battle of Narvik-8 German destroyers, destroyed

1940 German cruiser Blucher torpedoed and capsizes in Oslofjord, 1,000 die

1940 Failed British air raid on German base at Sylt

1940 German air raid on British fleet base Scapa Flow

1940 Rudi [Rudolf] Dutschke, German student leader, Glasnost Berlin

1940 Peter Behrens, German architect, dies

1940 German air force sinks 2 German destroyers, killing 578

1940 British destroyers board German Altmark off Norway

1940 British search plane finds German Altmark off Norway

1940 Rene "Sascha" Schickele, German writer (Erbe am Rhein), dies at 56

1940 Tilo Medek, German composer

1940 German U-Boot torpedoes Dutch trade ship Arendskerk (Eagle's Church)

1940 Erich R Jaensch, German psychologist (eidetiek), dies at 56

1940 2 German officers make emergency landing in Belgium

1940 Conrad Weiss, German writer/poet (Heart of Words), dies at 59

1939 Hans Langsdorff, German Captain (Graaf Spee), commits suicide

1939 Karl Wagenfeld, Low German writer (Lucifer, Death and Devil), dies at 70

1939 German pocket battleship Graf Spee scuttled by its crew off Uruguay

1939 Battle at La Plata - 3 British cruisers vs German Graf Spee

1939 Philipp Scheidemann, German MP (SPD)/mayor of Kassel, dies at 74

1939 Netherlands KNSM passenger ship Simon Bolivar hits German mine, 86 die

1939 German U-boat torpedoes passenger ship

1939 German U-boat torpedoes tanker Sliedrecht near Ireland

1939 Venlo-incident: German Abwehr kills 2 English agents

1939 Dirk Klop, Dutch intelligence lt, shot by German Abwehr

1939 1st jet plane, Heinkel He 178, demonstrated to German Air Ministry

1939 German U boat fails on attack of English battleship Nelson with Winston Churchill, Dudley Pound and Charles Forbes aboard

1939 Spitfire shoots German Heinkel-111 down above Scotland

1939 German U-47 sinks British battleship HMS Royal Oak, 833 killed

1939 German seaplane shoots KLM-aircraft (1 killed)

1939 German Luftwaffe strikes Warsaw with (fire)bombs

1939 British fleet takes German U-27 boat

1939 Wehrmacht (German regular army) murders 100 Jews in Lukov Poland

1939 German U-29 sinks British aircraft carrier Courageous, 519 die

1939 British fleet attacks German U-39 boat

1939 1st German air attack on Great Britain in WW II

1939 German submarine U-30 sinks British passenger ship Athenia

1939 German troops move into Danzig

1939 German U-boat sinks British passenger ship Athenia

1939 Queen Wilhelmina receives German ambassador Grave Zech

1939 Dutch border guards take positions for German invasion

1939 German Nazi's close last Jewish enterprises

1939 Retired German Colonel General Gerd von Runstedt returns to service

1939 Volker Braun, born in Dresden, German, writer, poet, playwright, wrote 'Das ungezwungne Leben Kasts' or 'The Unrestrained Life of Kast'

1939 [Karl Eduard] Wilhelm Groener, German general, dies at 71

1939 Wilhelm Normann, German chemist (harden van olien), dies

1939 Ernst Zundel, German Activist

1939 Franz von Papen becomes German ambassador in Turkey

1939 Colijn's Dutch government opens camp Westerbork for German Jews

1939 7,000 Jews flee German occupied Memel Lithuania

1939 [Carl L] Ferdinand von Lindemann, German mathematician, dies at 86

1939 German battleship Bismarck was launched

1939 Hitler proclaims to German parliament to exterminate all European Jews

1938 French/German non-attack treaty drawn (Ribbentrop-Bonnet Pact)

1938 Nazi forces occupy western Czechoslovakia and declared them German citizens

1938 German and Austrian Jewish suffer 1 billion Mark damage in nazi

1938 Earnest von Rath, German antifascist/diplomat, murdered

1938 German colonel-general Gerd von Runstedt retires

1938 Karl Lagerfeld, German Designer

1938 Ludwig Borchardt, German egyptologist, dies at 74

1938 Rudolf G Binding, German poet and writer, dies at 70

1938 Ernst L Kirchner, German painter, dies at 58

1938 German law on "Entartete Art" legalizes art robbery

1938 Carl von Ossietzky, German pacifist/writer (Nobel 1935), dies at 48

1938 Edmund Husserl, German philosopher (study of phenomenon), dies at 79

1938 Louis William Stern, German/US philosopher/psychologist, dies at 66

1938 Artur Seyss-Inquart replaces Kurt von Schuschnigg as Chancellor of Austria; German troops also entered the country

1938 Otto zur Linde, German author (Lieder of the Leids), dies at 64

1938 German troops entered Austria

1938 Marianne V von Werefkin, Russian/German/Swiss house painter, dies at 77

1938 Hitler seizes control of German army and puts Nazi in key posts

1938 Bernd Rosemeyer, German race car driver, dies at 28

1937 German immigration officials with no explanation bar Juan Carlos Zabala (Arg), 1932 Olympic marathon champion, from entering Germany

1937 Erich Ludendorff, German general (WW I), dies at 72

1937 Jurek Becker, born in Lodz, Poland, writer, film author, German Democratic Republic dissident, survived ghetto in Lodz, wrote 'Jacob the Liar'

1937 German battleships bomb Almeria, Spain

1937 Johannes Walter, German geologist (Die Denudation in Wuste), dies

1937 German Luftwaffe destroys Basque town of Guernica in Spain

1937 Rudolf Otto, German Theologian

1937 Lou [Andreas-]Salome, Russian/German author (Eroticism), dies at 75

1936 Hans von Seeckt, German Gen/advisor of Chiang Kai-shek, dies at 70

1936 Hans Zender, born in Wiesbaden, Germany, composer, conductor, music professor, Conductor in Chief of the Chamber Orchestra of Radio Netherlands in Hilversum, Southwest German Radio guest conductor

1936 German air force begins bombing of Madrid

1936 Wolf Biermann, born in Hamburg, Germany, singer, songwriter, former East German dissident, wrote folk music, political ballads, studied political economics at Humboldt University of Berlin

1936 Edward German, composer, dies at 74

1936 Horst Antes, German painter

1936 Annerose Schmidt, East German pianist

1936 Hermann Hirt, German linguist (Indo-European Grammar), dies at 70

1936 Princess Juliana and German prince Bernard Lippe-Biesterfeld get engaged

1936 Dutch Premier Colijn denies relation with German call-girl

1936 German boxer Max Schmeling World Champion KOs Joe Louis

1936 Karl Kraus, journalist, writer, aphorist, playwright, poet, satirist, essayist, known for witty criticisms of the press, politics, German culture, dies at 62

1936 Karl Lehmann, German Clergyman

1936 Oswald Spengler, German philosopher (Underworld of Abendlandes), dies

1936 Erich Schaeder, German theologist (Theozentrische), dies at 74

1935 Nazi's deprive German Jews of their citizenship

1935 Elisabeth Forster-Nietzsche, German author, dies at 89

1935 Nuremberg Laws deprives German Jews of citizenship and makes swastika official symbol of Nazi Germany

1935 Nazi mass demonstration against German Jews

1935 Edward McInnes, German scholar

1935 Hitler orders German rearmament, violating Versailles Treaty

1935 Helga Pilarczyk, German soprano, Salome, Lulu

1935 Hermann Goering officially creates German Air Force, the Luftwaffe

1935 Conrad Klapheck, German painter, typewriters

1935 Georg Katzer, born in Habelschwerdt, Lower Silesia, German composer, established electronic new music in the German Democratic Republic

1934 Churchill tells Premier Baldwin not to under estimate German air power

1934 German theologist Karl Barth surrenders to nazi

1934 Carl P G von Linde, German physicist (Linde-procede), dies at 92

1934 Anton CR Dreesmann, German/Netherlands manufacturer (Devout and D), dies

1934 Ulrike Meinhof, German Red Army member

1934 Adolph Hitler expands German army and Navy and creates an air force, violating Treaty of Versailles

1934 Manfred Worner, German General/Secretary-General, NATO, 1988-94

1934 Earnest L Wolzogen, German writer (That tolle Komtess), dies at 79

1934 Hitler elected Fuhrer (95.7% of German voters)

1934 Carl F baron von Langen-Parow, German equestrian 1928 Olympics gold

1934 Paul von Hindenburg, German Soldier

1934 SS-Reichs Fuhrer Himmler takes command of German Concentration Camps

1934 Ernst Rohm, German staff member, executed at 46

1934 Gregor Strasser, German pharmacist/NSDAP-leader, murdered at 42

1934 Karl Ernst, German SA-leader, murdered

1934 Kurt von Schleiger, German chancellor (1932-33), murdered at 52

1934 Theodor Dabler, German writer (Tie Sternenkind), dies

1934 Adolf Muschg, born in Zollikon, canton of Zurich, writer, German language and literature professor, wrote provocative works, including If Auschwitz is in Switzerland

1934 Franz Ehrle, German jesuit/head of Vatican library, dies at 88

1934 Hitler proclamation on German unified states

1934 Fritz Haber, German chemist (Nobel 1918), dies at 65

1934 Princess Juliana marries German prince Bernhard von Lippe-Biesterfeld

1933 Hans Vaihinger, German philosopher (Side-Studies), dies at 81

1933 Stefan George, German poet (Das neue Reich), dies at 65

1933 Irmtraud Morgner, born in Chemnitz, Germany, writer, freelance author, used magical realism to address the role of gender in East German society

1933 Reiner Kunze, born in Oelsnitz, Germany, writer, dissident of the German Democratic Republic, book, 'The Lovely Years', published in West Germany

1933 German judge Vogt signs deed of accusation against Van der Lubbe

1933 Max Schillings, German composer and conductor (Mona Lisa), dies at 65

1933 German party Catholic Center disbands

1933 German nazi regime decides married women shouldn't work

1933 German social-democratic party, SPD, forbidden

1933 Clara Zetkin, German feminist/communist, dies

1933 German Secret State Police, Gestapo, established

1933 John Henry Mackay, Scottish/German author (Der Schwimmer), dies at 69

1933 Felix Adler, German Educator

1933 German Republic gives power to Hitler

1933 German Reichstag confers dictatorial powers on Hitler

1933 Enabling Act: German Reichstag grants Adolph Hitler dictatorial powers

1933 Josef Gobbels becomes German minister of Information and Propaganda

1933 German presidential candidate Earnest Thalmann (KPD) arrested

1933 German President Von Hindenburg abolishes free expression of opinion

1933 Hitler disallows German Communist Party (KPD)

1933 Nazis set fire to German parliament building, Reichstag, blame it on Communists

1933 Final demonstration of German Communist Party in Berlin

1933 Karl Radek praises invincible force of German Communist Party

1933 German vice-chancellor von Papen demands Catholic aid for Nazis

1933 Marinus van der Lubbe passes Dutch/German boundary

1933 German President Von Hindenburg limits freedom of the press

1933 German minister Goering bans social-democratic newspaper Vorwarts

1933 German Parliament disolves, General Ludendorf predicts catastrophe

1933 Adolph Hitler named German Chancellor, forms government with Von Papen

1933 German president von Hindenburg appoints Hitler chancellor

1933 German government of Von Schleicher falls

1933 Theodor Birt [Beatus Rhenanus], German classicist/writer, dies at 80

1933 Wilhelm Cuno, German Reich's chancellor (1922-23), dies at 56

1932 Eduard "Ede" Bernstein, German marxist/revisionist, dies at 82

1932 German physicist Albert Einstein granted a visa

1932 Shaft and Thyssen demand Hitler become German chancellor

1932 German government of von Papen, resigns

1932 German election - KPD defeats NSDAP

1932 Wernher von Braun named head of German liquid-fuel rocket program

1932 Max Slevogt, German painter, dies at 63

1932 German government of Papen falls/Reichstag dissolved

1932 Paul Keller, German writer (Vergrabenes Gut), dies at 59

1932 German Election (NSDAP gets 37.3%)

1932 Otto Schily, German Public Servant

1932 German government of von Papen forms

1932 Von Hindenburg disbands German Parliament

1932 German national election (NSDAP 36.3% in Prussia)

1932 German police raid Hitler's nazi-headquarter

1932 Immigrant Adolf Hitler gets German citizenship

1932 Alexander Kluge, born in Halberstadt, Germany, film director, author, work 'Butalitat im Stein' or 'Brutality in Stone', helped launch New German Cinema

1932 Georg Kerschensteiner, German educationalist, dies at 77

1931 Mauricio Kagel, Argentina/German composer

1931 German SPD begins Eiserne Front against fascism

1931 Karl von Bach, German engineer (Maschinenelemente), dies at 84

1931 Lujo [Ludwig J von] Brentano, German economist dies at 86

1931 Frank Auerbach, German Artist

1931 Rolf Hochhuth, German playwright, Deputy

1931 Otto Wallach, German chemist (Nobel 1910), dies at 83

1931 Johannes Rau, German Statesman

1930 Eduard David, German minister (constitution of Weimar), dies at 67

1930 Friedrich von Bernhardi, German war theorist/historian, dies at 81

1930 New German Reichstag opens with 107 NSDAP'ers in uniform

1930 Harry Glass, born in East Germany, 1st E German Olympic medalist, bronze-1956

1930 Nazis gain 107 seats in German election

1930 Siegfried Wagner, German opera composer, dies at 61

1930 Karl von Amira, German historian, dies at 82

1930 Helena Lange, German feminist, dies

1930 Horst Bienek, German poet

1930 Dieter Schnebel, German vicar/composer

1930 Horst Wessel, German nazi lyricist (Fahne Hoch), dies at 22

1929 Werner Rackwitz, German musicologist, Handel-Renaissance

1929 Herman Hollerith, German/U.S. statistician (punch card), dies at 69

1929 Renate Rubinstein, Tamar, German/Ned's author/columnist, Tamar

1929 Hans Magnus Enzensberger, German author, Verhor von Habana

1929 Max von Bathe, German prince/Chancellor (1910-11, 18), dies at 62

1929 Rudolf Kittel, German theologist, dies at 76

1929 Max Ettlinger, German philosopher/theorist, dies at 52

1929 Julius Curtius succeeds Stresemann as German foreign minister

1929 Gustav Stresemann, German chancellor (Nobel 1926), dies at 51

1929 Dorothee Solle-Nipperdey, German theologist, Politicial Nightprayer

1929 Dorothee Solle, German Theologian

1929 German airship Graf Zeppelin ends a round-the-world flight

1929 Otto Liman von Sanders, German general in Turkey (WW I), dies at 74

1929 Heinrich Zille, German cartoonist (Simplicissimus), dies at 71

1929 German airship Graf Zeppelin begins a round-the-world flight

1929 President Von Hindenburg refuses to pay German debt of WW I

1929 Jurgen Habermans, German sociologist, Frankfurter Schule

1929 Jurgen Habermas, German Philosopher

1929 Friedrich Lienhard, German publisher (Turmer), dies at 63

1929 Walter Kempowski, German writer, Tadelloser and Wolff

1929 Christa Wolf, German novelist, Divided Heaven

1929 General Motors acquires German auto manufacturer Adam Opel

1929 Gunter Kunert, German poet/writer, Kaiser von Hondu

1929 Albert Steinruck, German actor (Golem), dies at 56

1929 Dietrich Schafer, German historian (Mein Leben), dies at 83

1928 Reinhard Scheer, German Admiral (WW I), dies at 65

1928 Hermann Sudermann, German author (Frau Sorge), dies

1928 Abraham M "Mark" Lidzbarski, Polish/German orientalist, dies at 60

1928 Stefan Wewerka, German architect/sculptor

1928 German dirigible "Graf Zeppelin" lands in Lakehurst, NJ

1928 Klabund, Alfred Henschke, German writer (Spuk/Rasputin), dies at 37

1928 Ludwig Enneccerus, German leader, dies at 85

1928 Max Scheler, German philosopher, dies at 53

1928 Buddy, a German Shepherd, becomes 1st guide dog for the blind

1928 Peter Hacks, German playwright, Tie Windloch

1927 Dieter Noll, born in Riesa, Germany, writer, wrote two-volume novel Die Abenteuer des Werner Holt, over two million copies sold, volume one used as East German school curriculum

1927 Arthur Wichmann, German/Dutch geologist (New-Guinea), dies

1927 Oskar Pastior, born in Sibiu, Romania, poet, writer, translator, studied German at University of Bucharest, translated Romanian literature into German, among other works by Tudor Arghezi, Tristan Tzara, Gellu Naum, Urmuz

1927 Gunther Grass, German Author

1927 Walther Amelung, German archaeologist, dies at 61

1927 Kurt Masur, German actor, Hotel Deutschland

1927 Manfred Eigen, German physicist/chemist, Nobel 1967

1927 Joseph Ratzinger, German theologist/dogmaticus

1927 Pope Benedict XVI, German Clergyman

1927 Alfred Hugenberg purchases German film company UFA

1927 Martin Walser, born in Wasserburg am Bodensee, Germany, writer, 1998 Peace Prize of the German Book Trade winner, known for 'Runaway Horse', famous for describing conflicts his anti-heroes have in stories and novels

1927 Hans-Dietrich Genscher, German minister of Foreign affairs, FDP

1927 Paul Wunderlich, German lithographer, painter and sculptor

1927 Jakov Lind, German/British author, Counting My Footsteps

1927 Friedrich K Flick, German industrialist

1927 4th German government of Marx forms

1927 Houston S Chamberlain, British/German race theorist, dies at 71

1926 German Marx government falls due to cooperation with red army

1926 Manchester Guardian (German Reichswehr/Red Army work together)

1926 Hans Otte, German composer/pianist

1926 German/French/Belgian/Luxembourg steel cartel closes

1926 Rudolf C Eucken, German philosopher (Nobel 1908), dies at 80

1926 French and German trade agreement signed

1926 German government of Marx takes power

1926 German government of Luther falls

1926 German Special Court of Justice for state security disbands

1926 Konstantin Fehrenbach, German reichs chancellor (1920-21), dies at 74

1926 Siegfried Lenz, German writer, Ein Kriegsende

1926 German Reichstag decides to apply for League of Nations membership

1926 2nd German government of Luther begins

1925 Hildegard Knef, German Actress

1925 Karl Abraham, German Psychologist

1925 German government of Luther falls

1925 German Parliament ratifies treaty of Locarno

1925 KPD proposes German Parliament expropriate possession of monarchy

1925 Earnest Thalmann becomes chairman of German KPD

1925 German NSDAP form SS

1925 Dieter Wellershoff, German author, Minotaur

1925 Rightist German ministers disavows Treaty of Locarno

1925 Giselher W. Kleber, German, opera, composer, Die Rauber

1925 Felix Klein, German mathematician (Riemannsche Flachen), dies at 76

1925 Peter Blum, German/South African/English poet, Capricorn

1925 Carl G Neumann, German mathematician/physicist, dies at 92

1925 Moritz Moszkowski, Polish/German composer, dies at 70

1925 Fritz Behrendt, German/Dutch cartoon character, The Slogan

1925 German Minister Stresemann proposes security treaty with France

1925 Hans Luther forms German government, with DNVP

1925 Oskar Brefeld, German botanist, dies at 85

1925 German Postal Minister A Hofle resigns due to corruption

1924 Franz X. Scharwenka, German pianist/composer (Mataswintha), dies at 74

1924 German election (Social Democrats win/Nazis and Communists lose)

1924 Clemens Baeumker, German historian (Christian Philosophy), dies at 71

1924 Allies stop checking on German navy

1924 German Republic day accepts Dawes plan

1924 Conference about German recovery payments opens in London

1924 Conference over German recovery payments begins in London

1924 Rainer Barzel, German leader, CDU-CSU, minister

1924 German government of Marx resigns

1924 Theo Olof, German/Netherlands violinist, prodigy, concert master

1924 German Republic election fascists and communists win

1924 German Republic day

1924 German and Turkish friendship/trade treaty signed

1924 Gunter Haese, German sculptor/graphic artist, Guggenheim prize 1967

1924 Georg H Quincke, German physicist (Test of Quincke), dies at 89

1923 German - U.S friendship treaty signed

1923 Ernst Debes, German cartographer (Moon Atlas), dies at 83

1923 German army commander General Von Seeckt bans NSDAP and KPD

1923 Coolidge pardons WW I German spy Lothar Witzke, sentenced to death

1923 German ex-crown prince flees Netherlands for Germany

1923 Army move SPD/KPD-government to German part of Saxon

1923 League of Nations gives Belgium mandate of Ruanda-Urundi (was German)

1923 German mark devalued to 600,000 Dmark=$1

1923 Asger Hamerik [Hammerich], German composer, dies at 80

1923 Fritz Mauthner, German author/philosopher (skepticism), dies at 73

1923 Adolf Oberlander, German painter, dies

1923 Horst Tapper, German director/actor, Derrick

1923 Hans Goldschmidt, German chemist, dies

1923 KPD (communist revolts) in German Ruhr cities occupied by Allies

1923 German Supreme Court prohibits NSDAP

1923 Morschi Mirando, Thomas Weiss, German/Dutch gypsy artist

1923 German Republic day with laws against worker

1923 Great Britain lowers import duty on German products from 26% to 5%

1923 German NSDAP Volkischer Beobachter newspaper becomes a daily

1923 Max Nordau, Sudfeld, German physician/zionists leader, dies at 73

1923 Markus Wolf, German Public Servant

1922 Lucian Freud, Berlin German, artist, Boy With a Rat

1922 Wilhelm Cuno forms new German government

1922 German Reichs Chancellor Joseph Wirth term ends

1922 Allies deliberate over German mark

1922 German parliament mandates Ebert president until July 1925

1922 Wolfhart U Pannenberg, German theologist, Gingham Girl

1922 Paul Barth, German philosopher/sociologist, dies at 64

1922 President Ebert declares "Deutschland uber alas" as German national anthem

1922 Heinrich Rubens, German physicist, dies at 57

1922 Walter Rathenau, German foreign minister, killed by anti-semites at 54

1922 Paul Schalluck, German writer, Don Quixote in Cologne

1922 German Reich president Friedrich Ebert visits Munich

1922 Wolfgang Kapp, German politician (Kapp putsch 1920), dies at 63

1922 Heinrich I Quincke, German internist (postural drainage), dies at 79

1922 Erich Hartmann, German WW II pilot, downed 352 Russian aircrafts

1922 German Germanovich Galinin, composer

1922 Egon Bahr, German journalist/politician

1922 Clara [G Meijer-]Wichmann, German/Dutch anarchist/feminist, dies at 36

1922 Conference of Cannes concerning German retribution payments ended

1922 Conference of Cannes concerning German retribution payments

1921 Hans Ulrich Engelmann, German composer, Ophelia

1921 Matthias Erzberger, German Minister of Finance, murdered at 45

1921 Heinrich E Albers-Schonberg, German x-ray experimenter, dies at 56

1921 Alfred H Fried, Austrian/German pacifist (Nobel 1911), dies

1921 Funeral of last German Emperoress, Augusta Victoria

1921 Earnest von Possart, German actor/stage manager, dies

1921 Adolf von Hildebrand, German sculptor, dies at 73

1921 Charles Gaupp, German/Dutch painter

1921 Benno Erdmann, German philosopher (Logik I), dies at 69

1920 Rita Streich, German singer

1920 Paul Celan, Antschell, German/Romanian poet, Collected Prose

1920 Helmut Newton, German Photographer

1920 Max Bruch, German composer (Kol Nidre), dies at 82

1920 Georg Leber, German politician, SPD

1920 Wilhelm Wundt, German physiologist/psychologist/philosopher, dies

1920 Max Klinger, German graphic artist/painter/sculptor, dies at 63

1920 Max Weber, German sociologist/economist/historian, dies

1920 Kurt Edelhagen, West German jazz pianist, Klimbim

1920 Richard von Weizsaecker, German Politician

1920 Moritz B Cantor, German mathematician, dies at 90

1920 Hermann Muller becomes German chancellor (SPD)

1920 France occupies (German) Memel territory

1920 Matthias Enzberger, German minister of finance, murdered

1919 Hugo Haase, German MP (SPD), murdered at 56

1919 Wilhelm von Siemens, German industrial/son of Werner, dies

1919 Ernst Haeckel, German philosopher (Social Darwinism), dies at 85

1919 Walter Scheel, German Foreign minister/president

1919 Paul Deusen, German philosopher/CEO (Schopenhauer-Gesellschaft), dies

1919 Hans Bender, German poet

1919 Bauer forms German government

1919 German Admiral von Reuter scuttles his own captured fleet

1919 German government of Scheideman resigns

1919 Paris Peace Conference disposes of German colonies; German East Africa is assigned to Britain and France, German SW Africa to South Africa

1919 Gustav Landauer, German socialist, dies

1919 German National Meeting accepts Anschluss: incorporation of Austria

1919 Friedrich W. Mengelberg, German sculptor/painter, dies at 81

1919 Paul Lindau, German playwright/critic (Estimate), dies at 79

1919 3 year old German Communist Party (Spartacus) crushed

1919 National Socialist Party (Nazi) forms as German Farmers Party

1918 2 German ammunition trains explode in Hamont Belgium, 1,750 die

1918 German emperor Wilhelm II flees to Netherland

1918 Ernst Fischer, German chemist, Nobel 1973

1918 Kaiser Wilhelm II abdicates after German defeat in WW I

1918 Gerrit Engelke, German writer (Briefer der Liebe), dies

1918 Abraham Robinson, German Mathematician

1918 Eduard earl van Keyserling, German writer (Fruhlingsopfer), dies at 63

1918 Hans Scholl, German resistance fighter, Die Weisse Rose

1918 Max Dauthendy, German painter/author (Raubmenschen), dies at 51)

1918 German armies retreat across Marne River in France (WW I)

1918 Count von Mirbach, German ambassador to Moscow, dies

1918 Manfred von Richthofen, German Aviator

1918 Douglas Campbell is 1st U.S. ace pilot (shooting down 5th German plane)

1918 Crepy-en-Laonnoise: German artillery shells Paris, 256 killed

1918 Bernd-Alois Zimmermann, German composer, Soldiers

1918 S. Potter becomes 1st U.S. pilot to shoot down a German seaplane

1918 [Benjamin] Franc[lin] Wedekind, German writer/press sec, dies at 53

1918 Ukraine proclaimed a free republic (German puppet)

1918 Julius Wellhausen, German Educator

1918 Georg F L P Cantor, German mathematician: collection, dies at 72

1917 Tiny Rowland, Roland Fuhrop, German/British owner, Observer

1917 1st tank battle (Britain breaks through German lines)

1917 Battle at Caporetto: German and Austria smash Italian army

1917 Mata Hari, Dutch dancer/German spy, executed by firing squad in Paris

1917 French pilot Georges Guynemer shoots down 54th German aircraft

1917 1st night bombing of London by German fighter planes

1917 German troops over run Riga Latvia

1917 JFW Adolf Ritter von Baeyer, German chemist (Nobel 1905), dies

1917 British bomb German lines at Ypres, 4,250,000 grenades

1917 Gustav von Schmolle, German economist (Historical School), dies at 79

1917 After WW I King George V ordered members of British royal family to dispense with German titles and surnames, they take the name Windsor

1917 1e German air attack on England, 100+ killed in East-London

1917 Atlantic ships get destroyer escorts to stop German attacks

1917 German plan to get Mexican help in WW I exposed (Zimmerman telegram)

1917 German Navy torpedoes 7 Dutch ships

1917 U.S. liner Housatonic sunk by German sub and diplomatic relations severed

1917 Wieland Wagner, German opera director

1916 Wolfgang Hildesheimer, German/Swiss architect/writer, Mozart biog

1916 German army under General Mackensen occupies Bucharest

1916 1st (German) air attack on London

1916 Belgian troops conquer Tabora, German East Africa

1916 German troops conquer Kavalla Greece

1916 General Von Hindenburg becomes German Chief of Staff

1916 Von Hindenburg replaces Von Falkenhayn as German chief of staff

1916 German saboteurs blow up a munitions plant on Black Tom Island, New Jersey

1916 Ludwig P Scharwenka, German composer (Album Polonaise), dies at 70

1916 Battle on the Somme: British 4th Army walks to German lines

1916 Helmuth J L von Moltke, German chief general of staff, dies at 67

1916 Max Immelmann, German pilot (WW I), killed

1916 German troops under Lt Rackow take Fort Vaux

1916 German attack on Fort Vaux, Verdun

1916 U.S. pilot William Thaw shoots down a German Fokker

1916 U.S. pilot Kiffin Rockwell shoots down German aircraft

1916 Karl Schwarzschild, German astronomer (s-effect), dies

1916 Max [Johann BJM] Reger, German composer/pianist/organist, dies at 43

1916 German munitions bunker in Fort Douaumont explodes

1916 Belgian troop march into Kigali, German East-Africa

1916 German parliament OKs unrestricted submarine warfare

1916 German troops overtake Bois de Caillette

1916 Battle of Verdun - German attack on Mort-Homme ridge, West of Verdun

1916 Franz Marc, German painter/co-founder (Blaue Reiter), killed at 36

1916 German troops conquer Fort Douaumont near Verdun

1916 J. W. Richard Dedekind, German mathematician, dies

1916 1st bombings of Paris by German Zeppelins takes place

1916 German colony of Cameroon surrenders to Britain and France

1916 Otto Ammon, German anthropologist/sociologist, dies at 73

1916 German troops conquer Fort Vaux at Verdun

1915 Alvis Alzheimer, German neurologist (Alzheimer Disease), dies at 51

1915 Italian liner Ancona sinks by German torpedos, killing 272

1915 Paul Scheerbart, Bruno Kufer, German writer (Tarub), dies at 52

1915 Kaspar C E Ritter von Zumbusch, German/Austrian sculptor, dies at 84

1915 Battle at Loos: 8,246 British and 0 German casualties

1915 Rudolf Schock, German opera/operette singer

1915 German troops over run Brest-Litovsk, Russia

1915 German troops over run Kovno Lithuiana

1915 British transport Royal Edward sank by German U boat kills 1000

1915 German troops over run Warsaw

1915 Richard Kiepert, German cartographer (Africa), dies at 68

1915 British/South African troops march into German SW-Africa

1915 German offensive in Argonnes

1915 Emil Rathenau, German industrialist (AEG), dies

1915 British and French troops conquer German colony of Cameroon

1915 Albert Weisgerber, German painter/graphic artist, dies in battle

1915 German and French fight Battle of Artois

1915 Lusitania sunk by German submarine; 1198 lives lost

1915 German U-20 sinks Centurion SE of Ireland

1915 German U-20 sinks Earl of Lathom

1915 German submarine sinks U.S. ship Gulflight

1915 German U boat torpedoes Netherlands merchant ship Medea

1915 Hans Namuth, German/U.S. photographer, Todos Santos, Guatemala

1915 German cruiser Dresden blows itself up near coast of Chile

1915 Heinrich Schirmbeck, German author, Das Spiegellabyrinth

1915 2nd Battle of Masurian Lakes: German armies surrounded a Russian army

1915 Turkish and German army reach Suez Canal

1915 1st German poison gas attack, against Russians

1915 German submarine attack on Le Havre

1915 C. W. Ceram, Kurt W Marek, German/US writer, March of Archaeology

1915 1st German Zeppelin attack over Great Britain, 4 die

1914 German plane drops bombs on Dover England

1914 Johann F Ritter von Schulte, German catholic lawyer, dies at 87

1914 British fleet forfeits chance to destroy German fleet in North Sea

1914 Karl Carstens, German, CDU, President Germany, 1979-84

1914 British and German fleets battle at Falkland Island

1914 German troops over run Lodz

1914 Ypres Belgium burned by German bombing

1914 Turks sultan Jamal Pasja declares a German holy war

1914 Japan attack German concession on Chinese peninsula of Shanghai

1914 German battle cruiser Goeben enters Black Sea

1914 Battle of Warsaw ends with German defeat

1914 German troops occupy Brug

1914 German troops occupy Gent

1914 German forces route Belgians in Antwerp Belgium (WW I)

1914 German troops take Antwerp in World War I

1914 German forces move into Antwerp Belgium (WW I)

1914 1 German submarine sinks 3 British ironclads, 1,459 die

1914 General von Hindenburgs named commander of German armies on Eastern Front

1914 South African troops land in German South West Africa

1914 German staff-chief von Moltke replaces von Falkenhayn

1914 German troops withdraw from Aisne/invent trenches

1914 Battle of Marne (German advance stalls, Paris saved)

1914 General von Moltke ceases German advance in France

1914 Ferdinand AR Cabrera, Spanish/German of emperor Wilhelm II, dies at 58

1914 German troops reconquer Soldau/Neidenburg East-Prussia

1914 1st German plane bombs above Paris, 2 killed

1914 3rd day of battle at Tannenberg: violent German/Russian battles

1914 Battle at Helgoland: British fleet beats German, 1100 killed

1914 2nd day of battle at Tannenberg: German bombs Usdau

1914 John Weiss, German new testament, dies

1914 Battle of Tannenberg - 8th German army defeats Russian Narev army

1914 Belgium: German army begins 6 week plundering of Leuven Belgium

1914 German Zeppelins bomb Antwerp Belgium, 10 die

1914 German troops march into France pushes French army to the Sedan

1914 German troops occupy Namur Belgium

1914 German troops plunder Belgium

1914 Felix Fivet, Belgian baby, executed by German troops at 3 weeks

1914 1st encounter between British and German troops (in Belgium)

1914 German troops execute 384 inhabitants of Tamines Belgium

1914 Belgium: German troops occupy Tamines

1914 Battle at Morhange: German troops chase French, killing 1000s

1914 German army captured Brussels as the Belgian army retreated to Antwerp

1914 German army executed 150 Belgians by firing squad

1914 German fleet bombs English coast

1914 German army occupies last fort at Luik, Belgian general Leman caught

1914 Dinant Belgium destroyed by German bombs

1914 German assault at Dinant: Lt Charles de Gaulle (24), injured

1914 German army occupies forts at Luik

1914 German 16.5"/12" guns fires on forts round Luik

1914 At Luik, German 12"/16.5" guns reach Belgian boundary

1914 German battle cruiser Goeben reaches Dardanellen/Turkey joins Germany

1914 German troops reconquer Mulhouse in Elzas

1914 German submarine U-15 sinks British cruiser

1914 British Gloucester vs German Breslau/Goeben off Greece

1914 German army occupies city of Liege Belgium

1914 German Zeppelin bombs Liege City, 9 killed

1914 Massive German assault on forts around Luik

1914 Westerschelde leaves due to German invasion in Belgium

1914 German army shoots Belgian priests/burns down village of Battice

1914 German fleet under Admiral Souchon fire on Algerian coast

1914 Belgium rejects demand to allow free crossing for German army

1914 German battle cruiser Goeben leaves Messina

1914 Belgian government receives German ultimatum

1914 German press falsely reports that French bombed Nuremberg

1914 German troops overthrows Luxembourg

1914 Trois Vierges: German 69th infantry regiment enter Luxembourg Germany declares war on Russia in WW I

1914 German Emperor Wilhelm II threatens war, orders Russia to demobilize

1914 French troops withdraw 10 km from German border

1914 German chief of staff/General von Moltke states ultimatum on Belgium

1914 Germany soc-democrat "No German blood for Austrian tyrant"

1914 Alexander Conze, German archaeologist, dies at 82

1914 Julius Rodenberg, Levy, German writer (Die Deutsche Rundschau), dies

1914 Paul Ehrenreich, German etnologist/mythologist, dies at 58

1914 Christian Morgenstern, German Poet

1914 Alfred Andersch, German writer, Red Head

1914 Arno Schmidt, born in Hamburg, Germany, German writer, author, translator, individualist, solipsist, admired for colloquial language style and theory of etyms he developed in magnum opus, titled Zettels Traum

1913 Willy Brandt, Herbert Frahm, German chancellor, 1969 - 1974, Nobel 1971

1913 German Leont'yevich Zhukovsky, composer

1913 Henry Potonie, German paleo-botanist/geologist (sapropelium), dies

1913 Rudolf Diesel, German Inventor

1913 Rudolph C K Diesel, German constructer (Diesel Motor), dies at 55

1913 Ernst Schnabel, German sailor/dramatist, Anne Frank

1913 Hans Filbinger, German politician, CDU

1913 F August Bebel, German social-democrat, dies

1913 Fritz Erler, German politician, SDP

1913 Wolfgang Schulze, Wols, German cartoonist/painter

1913 German passenger ship Imperator runs aground

1913 Kai-Uwe von Hassel, German politician

1913 Karl Hagenbeck, German animal trainer (Von Tieren), dies at 68

1913 Stefan Heym, German/U.S. author, Crusaders, Family Benda

1913 Martha Modl, German singer/soprano, Wagner

1913 August Bebel, German Politician

1913 Eberhard Nestle, German biblical scholar, dies at 61

1912 Alfred von Kiderlen-Waechter, German foreign minister, dies at 60

1912 Helmut Schelsky, German sociologist, Sociology of Sex

1912 Emil Schumacher, German painter, Tangible Objects

1912 Carl F von Weiszacker, German physicist/philosopher

1912 Mascha Kaleko, born in Chrzanow, Austria, now Poland, writer, German language poet, first book 'Lyrisches Stenogrammheft' was burned in Nazi book burnings, wrote advertising copy while living in New York

1912 Georg von Opel, German auto manufacturer

1912 Axel Springer, German newspaper magnate

1912 Karl May, German writer (Winnetou/Kara Ben Nemsi), dies at 70

1912 Wernher von Braun, German Scientist

1912 Helmut Coing, German lawyer/director, Max-Planck-institute

1912 Richard Andree, German geographer (Andree's Handatlas), dies at 76

1912 Heinz Kuhn, German premier, North-Rhine Westphalia

1912 Juan Pujol Garcia, Garbo/Arabel, Spanish British/German double agent

1912 Stefan Schnabel, German actor, Anna, Dracula's Widow, Firefox

1912 Rudolf Hagelstange, German author and poet, Spielball der Gotter

1912 Otto Liebmann, German philosopher (Kant and Epigones), dies at 71

1911 Klaus EJ Fuchs, German/British atomic physicist/spy

1911 Karl AF Schiller, West German economist/SPD-minister

1911 Konrad Duden, German linguist (Das grosse Duden Lexicon), dies

1911 Hungarian education is only taught in German

1911 German boat Panther nears for Agadir Morocco

1911 Klaus E J Fuchs, German/British/German nuclear physicist/spy

1911 Georg Meistermann, born in German, glass, painter, Raumplanen

1911 Karl O. Schiller, German economist, Minister of Economics

1911 Georg Knorr, German engineer, dies

1910 Wilhelm Raabe, Jakob Corvinus, German author, dies at 79

1910 Thaddaus Robl, German bicyclist (world record), dies

1910 Gerhard Schroder, German minister of Defense

1910 Franz Xaver Haberl, German priest/musicologist, dies at 70

1910 Johann G Galle, German discoverer of Neptune by telescope, dies

1910 Hans Gunther Adler, German writer

1910 Konrad Zuse, German Inventor

1910 Robert Koch, German bacteriologist (TB, Cholera, Nobel), dies

1910 German Catholic youth movement Quickborn forms

1910 Jurgen Rausch, German philosopher/author, End of the Playboys

1910 Joeri German, Russian writer

1910 Friedrich von Bodelschwingh, German theologist, dies at 79

1910 Andreas Aschenbach, German painter/engraver, dies at 94

1910 Lale [Liselotte H] Anderson, German singer and actress, Der Pott

1910 Eduard FW Pfluger, German physiologist, dies at 80

1910 Robert H. G. Havemann, German chemist

1910 Irmgard Keun, West German writer, Das kunstseidene Madchen

1910 Martha van Och-Scholl, German/Dutch resistance fighter, WW II

1910 Otto Julius Bierbaum, German writer (Irrgarten Der Liebe), dies at 44

1910 Lauritz Lauritzen, German politician

1909 Ferdinand H Aus der Funten, German war criminal, Breda 4

1909 Theodor W. Ahlwardt, German orientalist, dies at 81

1909 Bernd Rosemeyer, German auto racer, Indy 500

1909 Elizabeth Wilkinson, professor German University College London

1909 Hermann Bengtson, German historian, Greeks Ancient Times

1909 Detlev [Freiherr Friedrich A von] Liliencron, German poet, dies at 65

1909 Carsten Nicolai, German Artist

1909 Friedrich von Holstein, German diplomat, dies

1909 Pauline Staegeman, German feminist, dies

1909 Golo Mann, Gottfried, German and U.S. historian, Antisemitism

1909 Adolf Stoecker, German anti-semite/prime minister, dies at 73

1909 Richard A C E Erlenmeyer, German chemist, dies at 83

1909 Ernest von Wildenbruch, German playwright (Das Edle Blut), dies at 63

1908 Hans Werner Richter, German author, Socially Responsible Cinema

1908 Helmut Gollwitzer, German theologist/antifascist

1908 Edzard H Schaper, German/Swiss sailor/UP-correspondent/antifascist

1908 Alexander Mitscherlich, German psychotherapist

1908 Franz J A Grothe, German composer

1908 Gerd Gaiser, German writer, Ship in the Mountain

1908 Joseph Kotalla, German war criminal, 4 of Breda

1908 Peter Anders, German opera singer

1908 Otto Skorzeny, German/Austrian SS Fuhrer, Mussolini/Horthy

1908 Georg Adler, German statehouse head, dies at 45

1908 Ernst B Chain, German chemist/bacteriologist, penicillin, Nobel 1945

1908 Oskar Schindler, German Businessman

1908 Joseph Keilberth, German conductor, Bayreuther Festspiele

1908 Helmut Kautner, German director, Der Hauptmann von Kopenick

1908 Albrecht Goes, born in Germany, pastor with the German army, writer, novelist, BBC Television in the United Kingdom adapted Unruhige Nacht in 1950, his novel, translated in English as 'Arrow to the Heart'

1907 Oskar Lassar, German dermatologist (public baths), dies at 58

1907 German emperor Wilhelm II visits Amsterdam

1907 Claus von Stauffenberg, German Soldier

1907 Otto Brenner, German worker's union leader

1907 Helmut Walcha, German organist, church music

1907 Joseph Joachim, German violinist and composer, dies at 76

1907 Baldur von Schirach, German writer/nazi politician, Frame

1907 Helmuth J. von Moltke, German politician, July 20th plot

1907 Gunter Eich, German literary, Underground Highway, Girls of Viterbo

1906 Johan A earl von Kielmansegg, German general/commandant NATO-Europe

1906 German chancellor Bernhard von Bulow disbands the Parliament

1906 Willy Ley, German Writer

1906 Eduard Ludwig, German architect, Air Bridge monument Berlin

1906 Klaus Mann, German/US author, Mephisto, son of Thomas Mann

1906 Wolfgang Staudte, German director, Die Morder sind unter uns

1906 Max Delbruck, German/U.S. biologist, Nobel 1969

1906 Eugen Gerstenmaier, German politician, CDU

1906 Wolfgang Gentner, German nuclear physicist

1906 Herbert Wehner, German communist/anti-communist politician, SPD

1906 Fritz Schaudinn, German animal scholar: examined amoebasis, dies at 34

1906 Heinrich Hart, German writer (Das Lied der Menschheit), dies at 50

1906 Max Zorn, German mathematician, lemma of Zorn

1906 Hermann Schell, German theologist (Gott und Geist), dies at 56

1906 GB Shaws German version of "Caesar and Cleopatra," premieres in Berlin"

1906 Eugen Richter, German MP (Liberal), dies at 67

1906 Moriz Heyne, German germanist (German Worterbuch), dies at 68

1906 Dietrich Bonhoeffer, German theologist, Confessing Church

1905 Eugen Fink, German philosopher

1905 Erika Mann, German/US author, Other Germany, daughter of Thomas Mann

1905 Martin Raschke, German author/publisher/war correspondent

1905 Ruth Bernhard, German Photographer

1905 Ferdinand von Richthofen, German geographer/explorer, dies

1905 Mbunga-siege of Fort Mahenge German East-Africa broken

1905 Rudolf Baumbach, writer of German student drinking songs, dies at 64

1905 Mbunga-rebellion takes German Fort Mahenge East-Africa

1905 Pogoro/Ngindo attack Fort Mahenge German East-Africa

1905 Jules Oppert, German Assyriologist (decodes characters), dies at 80

1905 Mbunga-rebellion occupy German post Ifakara East-Africa

1905 Ngindo-rebellion killed 5 RC German clergymen in East-Africa

1905 Matumbi rebellion at Samanga German East Africa

1905 Hermann von Wissmann, German explorer/governor of E Africa, dies at 51

1905 Hermann von Wissmann, German African explorer and Governor East-Africa, dies

1905 French Foreign minister Delcasse resigns on German request

1905 Winfried P I Zillig, German opera composer and conductor, Fantasia Irica

1905 German emperor Wilhelm II visits Tanger

1905 Albert Speer, German architect/minister of Armament, NSDAP

1905 Oswald Aschenbach, German painter, dies at 77

1905 Ernst Abbe, German physicist (Carl Zeiss Optics Company), dies at 64

1905 Carl Gustav Hempel, German Logical Positivist philosopher

1904 German SW Africa abolishes slavery of young children

1904 Hans Hartung, German/French painter

1904 Herbert von Bismarck, German politician/son of Otto, dies

1904 Werner Forssman, German urologist, Nobel 1956

1904 Friedrich Ratzel, German social-geographer (Lebensraum), dies at 59

1904 Eduard Hanslick, German Writer

1904 Ernst Mayr, German Scientist

1904 Kurt Kusenberg, German writer, Wein Auf Lebenszeit

1904 Heinrich von Brentano di Tremezzo, German Foreign Minister

1904 German Lieutenant-general Lothar von Trotha lands in Swapokmund, SW-Africa

1904 Franz von Lenbach, German painter, dies at 67

1904 Friedrich Siemens, German industrialist, Siemens, dies

1904 Friedrich Siemens, German industrial, dies at 77

1904 Battle at Oviumbo Africa: Herero's chase away German army

1904 Kurt G. Kiesinger, German chancellor, Wherever They May Be

1904 Reinhard Heydrich, German governor, Bohemen/Moravia, Lidice,

1904 Karl Rahner, German Theologian

1904 Southwest-Africa uprising under Samuel Maherero against German garison

1904 Karl A von Zittel, German geologist/paleontologist (Libya), dies at 64

1903 Albert Schaffle, German sociologist, dies at 72

1903 Fritz Schmidt, German street photographer

1903 Wilhelm von Polenz, German author (Country of Zukunft), dies

1903 Carl Rakosi, German Poet

1903 [Christian M] Theodor Mommsen, German historian (Nobel 1902), dies

1903 Theodor Adorno, German philosopher/sociologist

1903 Gunther AR Raphael, German composer, Symphony Breve

1903 Adolph F J Butenandt, German bio-chemist, Nobel 1939

1903 Berthold Goldschmidt, German/British, opera, composer, Beatrice Cenci

1903 Boris Blacher, born in Newchwang, China, German composer, Orchester-Ornament

1902 Matthias Hohner, German manufacturer (harmonica), dies at 68

1902 Wolfgang Kunkel, German law historian

1902 Eugen Jochum, Babenhausen Bavaria, German conductor, Hamburg Orchestra

1902 Ernst von Salomon, German writer, Kette Der Tausend Kraniche

1902 Mathilde Wesendonk, German author and poet, dies at 73

1902 Gunther Weisenborn, German/Argentine writer

1902 Kurt Alder, German chemist, Nobel 1950

1902 Gerhard Pohl, German writer, Crazy Ferdinand

1902 Auguste Schmidt, German teacher/feminist, dies at 68

1902 Hans Sahl, German/U.S. writer

1902 Heinrich Kirchner, German sculptor

1902 Zarah Leander, Swedish and German singer and actress, Gabriela

1902 John Peter Altgeld, German/US governor of Illinois, dies at 54

1902 Heinz Ruehmann, German actor and director, Der Hauptmann von Kopenick

1902 Rudolf Moralt, German conductor, Vienna Philharmonic

1902 Max Kommerell, German literary/author, Die Gefangenen

1902 Hanns Neupert, German piano builder/author, Das Klavichord

1902 J N Krieger, German Selenographer, dies

1902 Oskar Morgenstern, German/US economist

1902 Heinrich Schmist-Barrien, German author, Moorkeerl

1902 Gret Palucca, German dancer/choreography, Silent Song

1901 Werner Heisenberg, German physicist/discovered uncertainty, Nobel 32

1901 Josef Gabriel Rheinberger, German composer/music theorist, dies at 62

1901 Walter Hallstein, West German politician, CDU, Hallstein doctrine

1901 Gerhard von Rad, German old testament scholar, Deuteronomium

1901 Bernard von Brentano, German writer, Big Cats

1901 Willy Lages, German chief of Sicherheitsdienst in Amsterdam

1901 Ernst Pepping, German composer

1901 Hermann Grimm, German writer, poet and historian, dies

1901 Erich Ollenhauer, German politician, SPD

1901 Franz Melde, German physicist (Melde Test), dies at 69

1901 Walter E. Schafer, German playwright

1901 Karl Freiherr von Stumm-Halberg, German politician, dies at 64

1901 Bernhard Erdmannsdorffer, German historian (Mirabeau), dies at 68

1901 Willy Fritsch, German actor, Spies, Women in the Moon

1900 Oda Schaefer, German author and poet, Die Windharfe, Ladies Only

1900 A German engineer patents front-wheel drive for automobiles

1900 Anna Seghers, Netty Radvanyi-Reiling, German author, 7th Cross

1900 Max Muller, German Educator

1900 Oscar Nitzchke, German architect, Alcoa building/Centre Pompidou

1900 Friedrich Nietzsche, German Philosopher

1900 Wilhelm Liebknecht, German journalist/socialist, dies at 74

1900 Arno Breker, German sculptor, 3rd Reich sculptor

1900 4 German liners burn at Hobokon Docks NJ, 326 die

1900 German Navy Law calls for massive increase in sea power

1900 Hans Frank, German Public Servant

1900 Helene Weigel, Austria/German actress, Metropolis, Mutter Courage

1900 Hans Schmidt-Isserstedt, German composer and conductor, Hassan gewinnt

1900 Mihaly von Munkacsy, Michael von Lieb, German painter, dies at 56

1900 Heinrich Besseler, German musicologist

1900 Hans-Georg Gadamer, German philosopher

1900 Hermann Kesten, German writer, Allert de Lange

1899 English fleet brings German postschip Bundesrath up

1899 Tentative Turkish and German treaty on construction of Baghdad railway

1899 Leo Strauss, German Philosopher

1899 Ruth Schaumann, German painter/writer, Rose, Black King

1899 Hanns Lilje, German Lutherian bishop/antifascist, Church und Welt

1899 Alfred Kantorowicz, German historian, Spanish Diary

1899 Heinrich Kiepert, German cartographer/geographer, dies at 80

1899 Leo J Weisgerber, German linguist

1899 Erich Kastner, Dresden German author, Emil and the Detective

1899 Georg Leo earl von Caprivi, German chancellor, dies at 67

1899 Fritz Bayerlein, German Lieutenant-General, WW I, Poland, Libya, St-Lo

1898 Theodor Fontane, German author (Der Stechlin), dies at 78

1898 Otto von Bismarck, German "Iron" chancellor, dies at 83

1898 Martin David, German/Netherlands law historian

1898 Hanns Eisler, German/U.S. composer/East German minister for propaganda

1898 Otto von Bismarck, German Leader

1898 Willy Messerschmitt, German aircraft designer

1898 Ferdinand J Cohn, German botanist/publicist, dies at 70

1898 Edwin E. Dwinger, German writer, General Vlassov

1898 Hans Ehrke, German writer and poet, Narrenspiegel, Fuer

1898 Kurt Tank, German WW II aircraft designer

1898 Reinhard Herbig, German archaeologist

1898 Joachim Wach, German/US philosopher/sociologist, Understanding

1897 Otto AP Furst von Bismarck-Schonhausen, German diplomat/politician

1897 Antonius von der Linde, Netherlands/German librarian, dies at 63

1897 Otto, von, Struve, German/U.S. dir, Yerkes/MacDonald observatory

1897 Franz J Weinrich, Heinrich Lerse, German writer, Himmlisches

1897 Karl von Mechow, German writer, Auf Dem Wege, Vorsommer

1897 Levin Goldschmidt, German business law expert, dies

1897 Winifred Wagner-William, German organizer, Wagner Festival

1897 Paul Alverdes, German writer, Pfeiferstube

1897 Caspar Neher, German set designer/librettist

1897 Herbert Eimert, German composer and musicologist, Glockenspiel

1897 Johannes Brahms, German composer and conductor, 'Hungarian Dances', dies at 63

1897 Carlo Mierendorff, German politician and anti-fascist

1897 Karl T Weierstrass, German mathematician, dies at 81

1897 Theo Mackeben, German pianist/composer, Lady Fanny, Bel Ami

1896 Carl Zuckmayer, German/Swiss/U.S. playwright

1896 Earnest Angel, German statistician (Law of Angel), dies at 75

1896 Ernst Engel, German Economist

1896 Otto Lilienthal, German aircraft pioneer, dies

1896 Hermann Kasack, German writer, Die Stadt hinter dem Strom

1896 Ernst Curtius, German archaeologist/historian (Olympia), dies at 81

1896 Gerhard Rohlfs, German explorer (Abbsynia/Ethiopia), dies

1896 Clara Schumann, German Musician

1896 Heinrich von Treitschke, German historian, dies

1896 Heinrich M von Battenberg, German son-in-law of Victoria, dies at 37

1896 German physicist Wilhelm Roentgen's discovers x-rays

1895 Hermann Schey, German/Netherlands singer

1895 Walter Gieseking, German pianist/composer

1895 Alfred Neumann, German playwright, Devil

1895 Kurt Schumacher, German politicial chairman, SPD,

1895 Richard Sorge, German spy for U.S.S.R. in Tokyo, WW II

1895 Kurt Schumacher, co-founder/president West German SDP

1895 Adam Opel, German manufacturer (motorcars), dies at 58

1895 Christian B Freiherr von Tauchnitz, German publisher (T Edition), dies

1895 Friedrich English, German textile manufacturer/marxist, dies

1895 Franz E Neumann, German mineralogist/physicist, dies at 96

1895 Earnest Kantorowicz, German/US historian, Laudes regiae

1895 Ernest Junger, German philosopher, Anschwellender Bocksgesang

1895 Fritz Usinger, German writer, Eternal Struggle

1895 Max Horkheimer, German philosopher/sociologist, Studies in prejudice

1894 Earnest Haenchen, German new testament expert

1894 German emperor Wilhelm II fires chancellor Leo von Caprivi and premier Botho zu Eulenburg

1894 Fritz Sauckel, German Nazi General of Labor

1894 German emperor Wilhelm II fires Chancellor Leo von Caprivi and premier Botho zu Eulenburg

1894 Heinrich Lubke, West German president, 1959-69

1894 Hermann von Helmholtz, German Physicist

1894 August A Kundt, German physicist, (test of Kundt), dies at 54

1894 Klara Fey, German orchestra leaser (Die Kleinen Betrachtungen), dies at 79

1894 Hans Guido von Bulow, German conductor

1894 Ludwig Marcuse, German philosopher

1893 Johann Czerski, German chaplain, dies at 80

1893 Erwin Piscator, German stage director, Der Stellvertreter

1893 Julius Bissier, German painter

1893 Jacobus J Backer, German sea historian, dies at 68

1893 Willi Apel, German/U.S. musicologist, Harvard dictionary of music

1893 Heinrich George, Schulz, German actor, Hitlerjunge Quex

1893 Hans H B Scharoun, German architect, Berlin Philharmonic

1893 George Grosz, German painter, Gott mit uns

1893 Albert Mahl, German writer, Hart vull Drift

1893 W H Walter Baade, German/US astronomer, Andromeda

1893 Earnest E Kummer, German mathematician (surface of Kummer), dies at 83

1893 Joachim von Ribbentrop, German SS fuhrer/foreign minister

1893 Battle at Hoornkrans Southwest-Africa: German Schutztruppen chases away Hottentotten under Hendrik Witbooi

1893 Karl Mannheim, Hungarian/German/British sociologist, Ideology and Utopia

1893 Friedrich Blume, German musicologist, Das Rassenproblem in der Musik

1892 E Werner von Siemens, German industrialist (Siemens AG), dies at 75

1892 Erich Auerbach, born in Berlin, Germany, German writer and educator

1892 Ludwig Strauss, German/Israeli writer, Night Watch

1892 Kurt Huber, German philosopher/resistance fighter

1892 Mehemed Emin Pasja, German explorer, murdered at 52

1892 Anton Schnack, German writer/poet

1892 Walter Benjamin, German literature critic/writer

1892 Gregor Strasser, German pharmacist/NSDAP-Reich organization leader

1892 Manfred Freiherr von Richthofen, Red Baron, German WW I ace

1892 Manfred von Richthofen, German Aviator

1892 Egon Freiherr von Eickstedt, German anthropologist, Rassenkunde

1892 Erwin Panofsky, German and U.S. art historian

1892 Hermann Kopp, German chemist (Law of Kopp), dies at 74

1892 Theodor Plievier, German writer, Des Kaisers Kulis, Stalingrad

1892 Fritz Todt, German Reichs minister, Organization Todt

1892 Martin Niemoller, clergyman, German Protestant, ; imprisoned by Hitler

1891 Leopold Kronecker, German mathematician, dies at 68

1891 Otto Dix, German Artist

1891 Erwin Rommel, German Field Marshal, WW II-African campaign

1891 Charlotte "Lotte" Bartschart, German/Dutch operetta singer

1891 Edith Stein, German philosopher

1891 Karl Donitz, German great admiral/Fuhrer, 1945

1891 Hans Albers, German actor, Die Nacht Gehort Uns

1891 Bernhard Zondek, German/Israeli gynaecologist

1891 Rudolf Carnap, philosopher, German Logical Positivist

1891 Peter Suhrkamp, German publisher, Suhrkamp Verlag

1891 Karl L Schmidt, German/Swiss theologist, Urchristentum

1891 Max Ernst, German/French surrealist painter/sculptor

1891 Walter Model, German Field Marshal

1891 Walter Eucken, German economist

1891 Walther Bothe, German Physicist

1890 Heinrich Schliemann, German archaeologist (Trojan War), dies at 86

1890 Klabund, Alfred Henschke, German writer, Bracke, Borgia

1890 Gerrit Engelke, German writer/poet, Love Letters

1890 Kasimir Edschmid, German writer

1890 Friedrich von Paul, German General-Field Marshal, Netherlands

1890 Hanns Johst, German Playwright

1890 Kurt Edzard, German sculptor, nudes/portraits

1890 Kurt Student, German Soldier

1890 Alfred Jodl, German Soldier

1890 German emperor Wilhelm II fires republic chancellor Otto Von Bismarck

1890 Oswald von Nell-Breuning, German theologist/philosopher

1890 Robert Ley, German chemist/MP, NSDAP

1890 Adolf Bach, German language/sociologist, Deutsche Namenkunde

1890 Kurt Tucholsky, German journalist and writer, Panther Tiger and Co

1890 Alfred G Jodl, German Wehrmacht general/chief of staff

1889 Georg von der Vring, German painter/writer, Soldier Suhren

1889 Heinrich Campendonk, German painter/wood carver/glazer

1889 Ludwig Tugel, German author/novelist/writer, Horse Music

1889 Fritz Kunkel, German physicians, Angewandte Characterize

1889 Ernst Franck, German composer and conductor, dies at 42

1889 6 U.S. and German warships perish in harbor of Apia Samoa, 200 die

1889 Guido Kisch, Czechoslovakian/German/U.S. historian, Jews in medieval Germany

1888 Carl Zeiss, German Scientist

1888 Gerhard Kittel, German anti-semitic theologist, Die Oden Salomons

1888 Oskar Schlemmer, German painter/sculptor

1888 Rudolph J E Clausius, German physicist (thermodynamics), dies

1888 Hans Oster, German major general/spy/July 20th plotter

1888 Matthias J Scheeben, German theologist (Natur und Gnade), dies at 53

1888 Carl Schmitt, German nazi-lawyer, Verfassungslehre

1888 Theodor Storm, German judge/author (Schimmelreiter), dies at 70

1888 John H Zuckertort, German chess player, dies at 45

1888 Heinz Guderian, German Soldier

1888 Frederik III NK van Hohenzollern, German Emperor/king of Prussia, dies

1888 Leo Weismantel, German writer, Der Reiter der Apocalypse

1888 Josef Albers, German/U.S. graphic artist/painter/writer, Bauhaus

1888 Friedrich Schnack, German journalist and writer, Rosewood

1888 Otto Stern, German/U.S. physicist, Stern-Gerlach-experiment, Nobel 1943

1888 Paul Althaus, German theologist, The Christian Truth

1888 Ernst Heinrich Heinkel, German inventor, 1st rocket-powered aircraft

1888 Richard Courant, German/U.S. mathematician, What is mathematics?

1887 Ernst Rohm, German staff member/Bolivian leader/SA

1887 Gustav T Fechner, German psychologist/physicist, dies at 86

1887 Heinrich Panofka, German violist/composer, dies at 80

1887 Arnold Zweig, German antifascist/author, Erziehung vor Verdun

1887 Gustav R Kirchhoff, German physicist (spectroscopy), dies at 63

1887 Max Ackermann, German "entartet" painter

1887 Friedrich T Vischer, German philosopher and writer (Auch einer), dies

1887 Otto Eissfeldt, German old testament scholar

1887 Friedrich Lubke, German politician

1887 Gustav Hertz, German quantum physicist, Nobel 1925

1887 August F Pott, German philological (That Personennamen), dies

1887 Ernst Rowohlt, German publisher, Rowohlt-Verlag

1887 Kurt Schwitters, German/British dada-artist/poet, collages

1887 Erich Kuttner, German journalist/historian, Vorwarts

1887 Edwin Scharff, German "entartet" painter/sculptor

1887 August W. Eichler, German botanist, dies at 47

1887 Ernst "Putzi" Hanfstangl, German/US pianist/politician, NSDAP

1887 Wolfgang Kohler, German/U.S. Gestalt psychologist, Mentality of Apes

1887 Wilhelm Canaris, German admiral/head German military intelligence

1886 Hermann A. J. Kees, German Egyptologist, Problems of Egyptology

1886 Paul Tillich, German/U.S. theologist, Die sozial Entscheidung

1886 Wilhelm Scherer, German literature historian, dies at 45

1886 Joseph Albert, German photographer (Albertotype), dies at 61

1886 Erich Salomon, German photographer

1886 Ernst Thalmann, German communist presidential candidate

1886 Ernst R. Curtius, German literature historian

1886 Joseph V von Scheffel, German writer (Ekkehard), dies at 60

1886 Ludwig Mies Van Der Rohe, German/U.S. architect, Bauhaus

1886 Leopold Zunz, German intellect (Synagogue Poetry), dies at 91

1886 Max Vasmer, German slavic, La Tertulia de Pombo

1886 Hugo Ball, German playwright/co-founder Flametti

1886 Theodor Werner, German painter

1886 Kurt Baschwitz, German/Dutch sociologist/journalist, Du und

1885 Albrecht Schaeffer, German writer, The General

1885 Albrecht, von, Kesselring, German Field Marshal, Poland/Netherland

1885 Hermann Weyl, German Mathematician

1885 Walter Anderson, German Writer

1885 5 German warships depart to Zanzibar

1885 Karen Horney, German/US, neo-freudian psychoanalyst

1885 Berthold Altaner, German church historian, Patrologie

1885 Gottlieb Daimler receives German patent for a motorcycle

1885 Werner Elert, German luthers theologist

1885 Clara [G Meijer-]Wichmann, German anarchists/feminist, Wife and society

1885 Kurt Hiller, born in Berlin, Jewish, pacifist, socialist, writer, Oranienburg concentration camp survivor, led the German homosexual rights movement

1885 Georg Curtius, German classical/linguist/philologist, dies at 65

1885 5 German warships anchor at Zanzibar

1885 Emil Bloch, German philosopher

1885 Hermann von Fehling, German chemist (Fehling's reagens), dies at 73

1885 German chancellor Bismarck takes possession of Cameroon and Togoland

1885 Ferdinand Hiller, German pianist, composer and conductor, dies at 73

1885 Franz W. Abbot, German composer/choir conductor, dies

1885 Franz Wilhelm Abt, German composer/choir conductor, dies at 65

1885 Veit Valentin, German/US historian, Deutsche Revolution

1885 Carl Peters founds German East-Africa Society

1885 Julius Streicher, German district leader, Sturmer

1885 Eduard Kunneke, German composer, Vetter aus Dingsda

1885 A J Else Mauhs, German/Dutch actress, Eline Vere, L'aiglon

1884 German government recognizes King Leopold II's Congo Free State

1884 Friedrich C R Bergius, German chemist, benzine from brown coal, Nobel

1884 Lion Feuchtwanger, German philosopher and writer, Jud Suss

1884 German consul-general Gustav Nachtigal takes possession of Cameroon

1884 Franz Halder, German Soldier

1884 Heinrich R Goppert, German paleo-botanist, dies

1884 Oskar Loerke, German writer, Longest Day-1926

1884 Max Beckmann, German painter/graphic artist

1883 Wilhelm Siemens, German/British physicist (steam engine), dies

1883 Albrecht G Alt, German theologist, Der Gott der Vater

1883 Martin Dibelius, German theologist, Die Lade Jahwes

1883 Rene "Sascha" Schickele, German writer/founder, Sturmer

1883 Johann Blaskowitz, German general

1883 Martin Albertz, German theologist, Church Jesus Christ

1883 Karl Marx, German philosopher (Communist Manifesto), dies at 64

1883 Erich R Jaensch, German psychologist, eidetism

1883 Alfred Wikenhauser, German RC exegetist, John-Apokalyps

1883 Richard Wagner, German composer (Die Walkure), dies at 69 in Venice

1883 Friedrich von Flotow, German baron/composer, dies at 70

1883 Hermann Abendroth, German conductor

1882 Walther Meissner, German physicist, Meissner effect

1882 Hermann Wolfgang Sartorius Waltershausen, German musicologist/composer

1882 Will Vesper, German author, Vom grossen Krieg

1882 Gunther von Kluge, German Field Marshal

1882 Wilhelm Keitel, German Field Marshal

1882 James Franck, German naturalist, Nobel 1925

1882 Franz MT de Liage Bohl, German/Dutch assyrologist/translator

1882 Leonard Nelson, German philosopher, Democracy und Fuhrerschaft

1882 Eduard Spranger, German psychologist/educator

1882 Joseph Joachim Raff, German opera composer (Cavatine), dies at 60

1882 Johann CF Zollner, German astronomer (astro photography), dies

1882 Bruno Bauer, German Theologian

1882 Kurt von Schleiger, German chancellor, 12/2/32-1/28/33

1882 German scientist Robert Koch discovers bacillus cause of TB

1882 Walter Lucht, German artillery general, WW I/WW II

1881 Max Pechstein, German "entartet" painter/graphic artist, The Bridge

1881 Erwin von Witzleben, German Field Marshal, July 20th plot

1881 [Heinrich A H] Walther von Brauchitsch, German Field Marshal

1881 Paul L E von Kleist, German general-Field Marshal, Eastern Front

1881 Hans Fischer, German physicist, Nobel 1930

1881 Friedrich J H Dessauer, German physicist, radiologist

1881 Josef Winckler, German dentist/writer, Quadriga, Pumpernickel

1881 George KFW von Kuchler, German Field Marshal, Invasion Netherlands

1881 Rudolf Pannwitz, German writer

1881 Hans Windisch, German new testament expert

1881 Hermann KJ Zilcher, German pianist/composer, Dr. Eisenbart

1881 Friedrich Hecker, German revolutionary republic politician, dies at 69

1881 Armin Knab, German composer, Eichendorff-cycle

1881 Otto Selz, German psychologist

1881 Emil Ludwig, German biographer, Diana, Son of Man

1881 Wilhelm Lehmbruck, German painter, poet and sculptor, Seated Youth

1880 Alfred Einstein, German/U.S. musicologist/nephew of Albert Einstein

1880 Alfred L Wegener, German meteorologist, continental shift

1880 Jacques Offenbach, German/French composer (La belle Helene), dies at 61

1880 Paul Fechter, German writer, Der Zauberer Gottes

1880 Hermann earl Keyserling, German philosopher and writer

1880 Heinrich WA Freiherr von Gagern, German liberal politician, dies at 80

1880 Otto Dibelius, German theologist/bishop, Confessional Church

1880 Ernst L. Kirchner, German painter, Die Brucke

1880 Conrad Weiss, German writer/poet, Tantum dic verbo

1880 Konrad Weiss, Dutch German writer/poet, Tantum dic verbo

1880 Hans Hofmann, German/U.S. painter, Search for the Real

1880 Wilhelm Pessler, German sociologist

1880 Franz Marc, German painter, Blaue Reiter

1880 Anselm Feuerbach, German painter, dies

1879 Rudolf von Laban, Czechoslovakian/German choreographer, modern dance

1879 Paul Klee, Swiss/German painter/tutor, Bauhaus,

1879 Jean Gilbert, Max Winterfield, German composer, Prince Regent

1879 Franz JHMM von Papen, German diplomat/chancellor, 1932

1879 Franz von Papen, German Politician

1879 Joseph Wirth, German politician, Stalin Peace Prize

1879 Fritz Schulz, German law historian, Classical Novel Law

1879 Theodor Haecker, German cultural philosopher, ist der Mensch?

1879 Richard Scheibe, German sculptor, Adler mit Hakenkreuz

1879 Joseph Haas, German, opera, composer, Tobias Wunderlich

1879 Adolf Anderssen, German world champ chess (1851..66), dies at 60

1879 Otto Hahn, German physicist/chemist, Nobel 44, radiothorium/actinium

1878 Gustav Radbruch, German lawyer/minister of Justice

1878 Alex E von Falkenhausen, German general, China, WW II

1878 Hermann Claudius, German folk poet, Meister Bertram

1878 German republic chancellor Bismarck delegates end of "Socialism"

1878 Karl Albiker, German sculptor, German Art, female nudes

1878 Werner von Blomberg, German minister of Reichswehr

1878 Alfred Doblin, German/French author/co-founder of Sturm

1878 German anti-semitism begins during the Reichstag election

1878 Jean F van Royen, Dutch German secretary, PTT

1878 German battleship Grosser Kurfurst sinks, 284 killed

1878 Gustav Stresemann, German chancellor, 1923, Nobel 1926

1878 Albert Weisgerber, German painter/graphic artist

1878 Richard B. Goldschmidt, German and U.S. zoologist

1878 Carl Sternheim, German playwright, Hyperion/Tabula Rasa

1878 Julius Robert Mayer, German Scientist

1878 Martin Buber, German/Israeli philosopher/theologist, Ich und Du

1878 Walter Kollo [Kollodziepski], German composer, Der Juxbaron

1878 Robert Garbe, German poet, Gorniek

1877 Thaddaus Robl, German bicylist, world record

1877 Rudolf Hilferding, German economist/SPD-minister of Finance

1877 Karl Erb, German tenor

1877 Wilhelm E Freiherr von Ketteler, German bishop of Mainz, dies at 65

1877 Herman Hesse, German Author

1877 Heinrich Wieland, German chemist, bile acids-Nobel 1927

1877 Karl Abraham, German Psychologist

1877 Arnold Schering, German musicologist, Humor, Heldentum, Tragik

1877 Wilhelm Frick, German protector of Bohemia and Moravia

1877 Else Berg, German/Dutch painter

1877 Julius Curtius, German minister of Foreign affairs, 1929-..

1877 Max Ettlinger, German philosopher

1877 Hjalmar Schacht, president of German Reichsbank/minister of Economics

1876 Ludwig Schiedermair, German musicologist, Beethoven-Archiv

1876 Karl Earnest Ritter von Baer, Estonian/German embryologist, dies at 84

1876 August Sander, German Photographer

1876 Ida von Duringsfeld, German writer (Schelde bis zur Mas), dies at 60

1876 Karl B Adam, German theologist, Christ our Brother

1876 Theodor Daubler, German writer, Northern Lights

1876 Wilhelm Cuno, German ship owner/republic chancellor, 1922-23

1876 Christian G Ehrenberg, German zoologist (micro-organisms), dies at 81

1876 Franz count of Pocci, German artist/composer (Alchemist), dies at 69

1876 Joseph Schmidlin, German church historian/antifascist

1876 Paula Modersohn-Becker, German "entartet" painter

1876 Wilhelm Pieck, co-founder German Communist Party/president, 1949-60

1875 Karl R G von Rundstedt, German General-Field Marshal, Normandy

1875 Gerd von Rundstedt, German Soldier

1875 Bernhard Lichtenberg, German clergyman/antifascist

1875 Ferdinand Porsche, German car inventor, Porsche, Volkswagen

1875 Oskar Peschel, German geographer (Physicist Erdkunde), dies at 49

1875 Karl (Theodor) Andree, German journalist (Globus), dies at 66

1875 Ernst F. Sauerbruch, German nazi/surgeon

1875 Eduard Morike, German vicar/poet/writer (Peregrina), dies at 70

1875 German SS Schiller sinks near Scilly Islands, 312 killed

1875 Hans Lietzman, German theologist and church historian

1875 Walter Andrae, German archaeologist, Babylon, Assur

1875 Annette Kolb, German/French author, Small Fanfare

1875 John Lindworsky, German jesuit/psychologist, Der Wille

1874 Ludwig Curtius, German archaeologist, Die antike Kunst

1874 Paul Wegener, German actor and director, Student of Prag

1874 Peter Cornelius, German composer, dies at 49

1874 Ismar Elbogen, German/US rabbi, Encyclopedia Judaica

1874 Karl Bosch, German chemist, BASF, Nobel 1931

1874 Max Scheler, German philosopher, Vom Umsturz der Werte

1874 Karl Kraus, born in Austria, journalist, writer, aphorist, playwright, poet, satirist, essayist, known for witty criticisms of the press, politics, German culture

1874 David F Strauss, German theologist, dies at 66

1874 David Friedrich Strauss, German Theologian

1874 Robert Liefmann, German economist, Unternehmersverbande

1873 Karl Schwarzschild, German astronomer, Schwarzschild effect

1873 Lulu Strauss und Torney, German poet and writer, dies

1873 German troops leave France

1873 Last German troops leave France

1873 Paul Keller, German writer, Ferien vom Ich

1873 Friedrich von Raumer, German historian/parliamentarian, dies at 92

1873 Hans Berger, German Scientist

1873 Otto zur Linde, German author, Charon

1873 Justus Freiherr von Liebig, German chemist, dies at 69

1873 Rudolf Rocker, German/US anarchist

1873 Jakob Wassermann, born in Germany, novelist, My Life as German and Jew

1873 Freiherr Konstantin von Neurath, German Secretary of State, 1932 - 1938

1873 Karl Straube, German organist/conductor

1872 Ludwig Klages, German philosopher, study of graves

1872 Ludwig A Feuerbach, German philosopher (Man what he eats), dies at 68

1872 Albert Steinruck, German actor, Golem

1872 Otto Braun, German Politician

1871 Willibald Alexis, German writer (Schloss Avalon), dies at 73

1871 Narziss Ach, German psychologist, Analyse des Willens

1871 Fritz Schaudinn, German animal expert, examined syphilis

1871 Karl Liebknecht, German revolutionary marxist, Sparta Party

1871 Christian Morgenstern, German Poet

1871 Louis William Stern, German/US philosopher, Intelligence of Children

1871 Leo Blech, born in Aachen, Rhenish Prussia, studied with Engelbert Humperdinck, German opera composer

1871 German Empire ends all anti-Jewish civil restrictions

1871 2nd German Empire proclaimed by Kaiser Wilhelm I and Bismarck

1871 Paul Guthnick, German astronomer

1870 Friedrich Panzer, German germanist, Das Nibelungenlied

1870 Gustav Krupp, German Businessman

1870 Gustav Landauer, German socialist

1870 Fritz Klimsch, German sculptor/painter

1870 Wilhelm Normann, German chemist, hardening of oils

1869 Eduard Hermann, Coburg Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, German linguist, Homer

1869 Jonas Cohn, German/English philosopher, Theory of the Dialects

1869 Rudolf Otto, German Theologian

1869 Carl G Carus, German arts/psychologist/philosopher, dies

1869 Siegfried Wagner, German opera composer and conductor

1869 Karl Wagenfeld, Low German writer, Daud un Duwel

1869 Max Hoffmann, German Soldier

1868 Fritz Haber, German phycist-chemist, Nobel 1919

1868 Paul Hirsch, German Politician

1868 Franz X. Ritter von Epp, German general, China

1868 Max Slevogt, German painter

1868 Christian Schonbein, German chemist, dies at about 69

1868 Alfred Weber, German economist/sociologist

1868 Julius Plucker, German mathematician/physicist (formula of P), dies

1868 Max Von Schillings, German composer and conductor, Der Pfeifertag

1868 1st performance of John Brahms' "Ein german Requiem"

1868 Karl Bonhoeffer, German psychiatrist/neurologist

1868 Wilhelm Schmidt, German anthropologist/linguist, Anthropos

1868 Wilhelm Schafer, German writer, Ein Totschlager

1868 Abraham M "Mark" Lidzbarski, Polish/German orientalist

1867 Joseph [Maria] Olbrich, Silesia, German architect, Wiener Sezession

1867 Rudolf Georg Binding, German songwriter/writer, Legenden Der Zeit

1867 Emil Nolde, Hansen, German painter/graphic artist

1867 Max Dauthendy, German painter/author, Ewige Hochzeit

1867 Max Prinz von Baden, German chancellor, Oct-Nov 1918

1867 Max Friedlander, German art historian, Altniederlandische Malerei

1867 Kurt Eisner, German premier of revolutionary Bavaria, 1918-19

1867 Theodor Zockler, German theologist, Stanislauer Anstalten

1867 Siegfried Passarge, German geographer, Cameroon, South Africa,America

1867 August W. Messer, German philosopher/educator/psychologist

1867 Gerhard Anschutz, German MP

1866 Vassily V Kandinsky, Russian/German/French abstract painter, Dreamy Inspiration

1866 Paul Lincke, German composer and conductor /publisher, Frau Luna

1866 Aloys Schmitt, German music theory/composer/royal pianist, dies

1866 G F Berhard Riemann, German mathematician (zeta-function), dies

1866 Gustav Aschaffenburg, German psychiatrist/criminalologist

1866 German premier Otto von Bismarck seriously wounded in assassin attempt

1866 Hans von Seeckt, German general, Future of the Reich

1866 Karl T Sapper, German geography/geologist, Vulkankunde

1865 Heinrich Barth, German historian/geographer (Central Africa), dies

1865 Walther Amelung, German archaeologist

1865 Friedrich Lienhard, German writer, Lieder eines Elsassers

1865 Wilhelm Bousset, German theologist/historian

1865 Johann F Encke, German astronomer (Comet Encke), dies at 73

1865 Philipp Scheidemann, German Parliament, SPD, mayor of Kassel

1865 Otto Julius Bierbaum, German writer/journalist, Remarkable Stories

1865 Alfred Hugenberg, German RC president-director of Krupp/media magnate

1865 Heinrich Rubens, German physicist

1865 Otto Ludwig, German writer (Zwischen Himmel und Erde), dies at 47

1865 Otto Modersohn, German painter

1865 Friedrich Paschen, German physicist

1865 Heinrich E Albers-Schonberg, German rontgenologist

1864 Arthur Zimmermann, German Statesman

1864 B[enjamin] Frank[lin] Wedekind, German writer, Lulu

1864 Hermann Minkowski, German mathematician

1864 Max Weber, German sociologist/economist/historian, Ancient Judaism

1864 Eugene Francis Charles D'Albert, German pianist and composer, Golem

1864 Franz Oppenheimer, German sociologist and politician

1864 John Henry Mackay, Scottish/German author and poet, Anarchists

1864 Franz von Klenze, German architect (palace Leuchtenberg), dies at 59

1864 Anton Schindler, German violinist and biographer (Beethoven), dies at 68

1864 Wilhelm K. W. Wien, German phyicist, Nobel 1911

1863 Johannes Weiss, German New Testament scholar

1863 Louis Ludwig Blenker, German/US Brigadier-General (Union), dies at 51

1863 Ludwig Borchardt, German Egyptologist

1863 Reinhard Scheer, German Admiral, WW I

1863 Franz Zorell, German RC exegetist/lexicographer

1863 Hugo Haase, German SPD-German parliament/revolutionary

1863 Rodolfo Lenz, German/Chilian linguist, El Papiamento

1863 Eduard David, German undersecretary, constitution of Weimar

1863 Georg Adler, German state economist

1863 Franz von Stuck, German painter, Der Krieg

1863 Werner Sombart, German fascist, Juden und das Wirtschaftsleben

1863 Adolph Goldschmidt, German historian

1863 Paul Scheerbart, Bruno Kufer, German writer, The Seasnake

1862 Adolf Bartels, German folk art writer

1862 Otto von Bismarck becomes German republic chancellor

1862 Henry Bohlen, German/US Brigadier-General (Union), dies in battle at 51

1862 Freiherr Albert von Schrenk-Notzing, German para-psychologist

1862 Karl Robert von Nesselrode, German chancellor, dies at 81

1862 F Wilhelm von Schadow, German painter (Modern Vasari), dies at 73

1862 Justinus A C Kerner, German family doctor/poet/writer, dies at 75

1862 Edward German, Jones, Whitchurch Shropshire, British composer

1861 Friedrich Engel, German mathematician, group theory

1861 Erich Schaeder, German theologist, Theocentric Theology

1861 Fritz Volbach, German musicologist/conductor/composer

1861 Friedrich C von Savigny, German lawyer, dies at 82

1861 Lou [Andreas-]Salome, Russian/German author, Im Kampf um Gott

1861 Hans Goldschmidt, German chemist

1861 Wilhelm von Polenz, German writer, Der Pfarrer von Breitendorf

1860 Ferdinand Christian Baur, German Theologian

1860 Heinrich Florida Rellstab, German music theorist, dies

1860 Arthur Schopenhauer, German Philosopher

1860 Marianne V von Werefkin, Russian/German/Swiss painter

1860 Marianne V von Werefkin, Russian/German/Swiss painter

1860 Paul G Nipkow, German TV pioneer, Nipkow Award

1860 Johannes Walter, German geologist, Denudation of the Wilderness

1860 Ernst Moritz Arndt, German Poet

1859 Ludwig "Louis" Spohr, German violinist and composer (Faust), dies at 75

1859 Georg Knorr, German engineer, brake system trains

1859 Karl Baedeker, German tour guide (Die Schweiz), dies at 57

1859 W Friedrich Olivier, German landscape painter, dies at 68

1859 Peter G L Dirichlet, German mathematician, dies at 53

1859 John Emde, German evangelist, dies at about 84

1859 Wilhelm II, Potsdam, German emperor, 1888-1918

1859 Karl Bleibtreu, German author, Revolution of Literature

1858 Karl A Varnhagen von Ense, German author, poet and diplomat, dies at 73

1858 Heinrich M von Battenberg, German son-in-law of queen Victoria

1858 Ludwig Wullner, German actor/baritone, Die Burgschaft, Prometheus

1858 Paul Barth, German philosopher/sociologist

1858 Wolfgang Kapp, German politician, Kapp Putsch 1920

1858 Johannes P. Muller, German Scientist

1858 Max Planck, German physicist, Planck Constant, Nobel 1918

1858 Johann Baptist Cramer, German/British pianist/composer/publisher, dies at 87

1858 Ludwig Quidde, German historian/politician, Nobel prize 1927

1858 Rudolf Diesel, German engineer, Diesel motor

1858 Georg Simmel, German philosopher and sociologist

1858 Georg F Creuzer, German philological/historian, dies at 86

1858 Heinrich Zille, German cartoonist, Cheerful Blatter, Simplicissimus

1857 Christian D Rauch, German sculptor, dies at 80

1857 Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff, German poet (That Freier), dies at 69

1857 Henry Potonie, German paleo-botanist/geologist, sapropelium

1857 Conrad Haebler, German historian, Early printers of Spain/Portugal

1857 Hermann Sudermann, German writer, Honor, That Ehre, Frau Sorge

1857 M Heinrich C Lichtenstein, German zoologist/explorer, dies at 77

1857 Clara Zetkin, German women's rights advocate/communist

1857 Max Klinger, German graphic artist/painter/sculptor

1857 Otto von Below, German commandant, WW I

1856 Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg, German Chancellor/premier Prussia

1856 Friedrich Kustner, German astronomer

1856 Robert A Schumann, German pianist/composer (Humoresque), dies at 46

1856 Max Stirner, German Philosopher

1856 Friedrich H von der Hagen, German germanist, dies at 76

1856 Heinrich Heine, German poet, dies at 58 in Paris

1856 Otto Brahm, German critic/founder, Neue Deutsche Rundschau

1855 Heinrich Hart, German writer, Song of Humanity

1855 Paul Ehrenreich, German etnologist/mythologist

1855 Gustav Ehrismann, German germanist

1855 Houston S Chamberlain, British/German race theorist

1855 Wilhelm von Siemens, German industrialist

1855 Johann P Zilcher, German composer

1855 Eduard earl of Keyserling, German writer, Dritte Stiege

1855 Ernst L Wolzogen, German writer/founder, Cabaret oberbrettl

1855 Otto Liman von Sanders, German general in Turkey, WW I

1854 Gottlieb J Haberlandt, Hungarians/German botanist

1854 Matthijs Siegenbeek, literature (Defeated German Spelling), dies

1854 Georg A Erman, German Egyptologist, Grammar of Ancient Egypt

1854 Anton CR Dreesmann, German/Netherlands manufacturer, Vroom and Dreesman

1854 Friedrich WJ von Schelling, German philosopher, dies at 79

1854 Friedrich von Schelling, German Philosopher

1854 Georg Kerschensteiner, German educator, Theory of Education

1854 Karl F Eichhorn, German law historian, dies at 72

1854 Caspar GC Reinwardt, German/Dutch biologist, dies at 80

1854 Friedrich A. Krupp, German arms manufacturer

1853 Isolde Kurz, German writer/poet, Meine Mutter

1853 Clemens Baeumker, German historian, Patristischen Philosophie

1853 Hermann von Wissmann, German Africa explorer/governor East-Africa

1853 Adolf Furtwangler, German archaeologist, Antiken Gemmen

1853 Rudolf Kittel, German theologist, Psalms

1853 Georg A Kestner, German art collector/diplomat, dies at 75

1853 August Kopisch, German writer (Mauseturm), dies at 53

1853 Gustav Falke, German author and poet, Der Mann im Nebel

1852 Hans C E Freiherr von Gagern, German advisor to Dutch king, dies at 86

1852 Hans Vaihinger, German philosopher, Nietzsche Philosophy

1852 Alfred von Kiderlen-Waechter, German foreign minister

1852 [Carl L] Ferdinand von Lindemann, German mathematician

1852 Theodor Birt, Beatus Rhenanus, German classical/writer

1852 Konstantin Fehrenbach, German chancellor, 1920-21

1851 Felix Adler, German Educator

1851 Eberhard Nestle, German orientalist/biblical scholar

1851 C E Arthur Wichmann, German/Dutch geologist, Netherlands Indies

1850 Wilhelm Bear, German banker/astronomer (Moon Map), dies at 53

1850 Hermann Schell, German theologist/philosopher, Gott und Geist

1850 J Gottfried Schadow, German sculptor/cartoonist/writer, dies at 85

1850 Eduard "Ede" Bernstein, German marxist, New Era

1850 Franz Xaver Scharwenka, German pianist/composer, Mataswintha

1849 Herbert von Bismarck, German politician/son of Otto of Bismarck

1849 Fritz Mauthner, Bohemia, German author/philosopher, skepticism

1849 Max Nordau, German arts/writer/zionist leader

1849 Otto Nicolai, German composer and conductor, dies at 39

1849 Furst Bernhard HM von Bulow, German chancellor/Prussian PM, 1900-09

1849 Felix Klein, German mathematician, Evanston Colloquium

1849 Wilhelm M L de Wette, German theologist, dies at 69

1849 Oskar Lassar, German dermatologist, bath house

1848 German Parliament demands Dutch province of Limburg

1848 Helmuth J L von Moltke, German general/chief of staff, WW I

1848 Friedrich Freiherr Gagern, German/Dutch army commandant, dies at 53

1848 Helena Lange, German feminist

1848 Heinrich Olivier, German painter, dies

1847 John Peter Altgeld, German/U.S., Gov-Ill, pardoned Haymarket-anarchists

1847 Moritz Grave von Strachwitz, German poet, dies at 25

1847 Adolf von Hildebrand, German sculptor

1847 Paul Ludwig Hans von Beneckendorf und Hindenburg, German president

1847 Paul von Hindenburg, German Soldier

1847 German astronomer Theodor discovers Comet Brorsen-Metcalf

1847 Max Liebermann, German impressionist painter

1847 George F Kersting, German painter, dies at 61

1847 Kaspar Ett, German organist/composer, dies at 59

1847 Karl von Bach, German engineer, Maschinenelemente

1847 Ludwig Philipp Scharwenka, German composer, Album polonaise

1847 Ernst Franck, German composer and conductor

1847 Caroline von Wolzogen [von Lengefeld], German author, dies at 83

1846 Friedrich List, German Economist

1846 Vladimir Koppen, Russian/German meteorologist

1846 Richard Kiepert, German cartographer, Africa

1846 Elisabeth Forster-Nietzsche, German writer, Young Nietzsche

1846 Friedrich W. Bessel, German astronomer (Bessel Functions), dies at 61

1846 Wilhelm Maybach, German engineer, designer of 1st Mercedes

1845 Franz Ehrle, German prefect of Vatican library

1845 Adolf Oberlander, German painter

1845 Dietrich Schafer, German historian, Deutsche Hanse

1845 August Wilhelm Schlegel, German poet/interpreter/critic, dies at 77

1845 August Wilhelm von Schlegel, German Poet

1845 August Pauly, German writer (Real Encyclopedia), dies at 48

1845 Georg Cantor, German mathematician, discover transfinite numbers

1845 Ernest von Wildenbruch, German playwright, Sedan

1845 Paul Deusen, German philosopher, Schopenhauer-Gesellschaft

1844 Lujo Brentano, German economist

1844 Karl F Benz, German designer/auto manufacturer, 4-taktmotor

1844 Friedrich Ratzel, German social-geographer, Lebensraum

1844 Karl Hagenbeck, German animal trainer, Von Tieren und Menschen

1844 Detlev [Freiherr Friedrich A von] Liliencron, German poet

1844 Julius Wellhausen, German Educator

1844 Eduard Adolf Strasburger, German botanist, Angiospermen

1844 Moritz F Freiherr von Bissing, German gen/Governor-General of Belgium, 1914-17

1843 Robert Koch, German bacteriologist, TB, cholera, Nobel 1905

1843 Jakob F Fries, German philosopher, dies

1843 Samuel Hahnemann, German physician, dies at 88

1843 Johann C F Holderlin, German poet, dies at 73

1843 Ludwig Enneccerus, German jurist

1843 Horst Koehler, German Statesman

1842 Otto Ammon, German anthropologist/sociologist, schedelmetingen

1842 John H Zuckertort, German chess player

1842 Heinrich I Quincke, German internist, Lumbaalpunctie

1842 Carl PG von Linde, German engineer/physicist, Linde-procede

1842 Carl A. N. Rosa, German violinist and composer

1842 Karl May, German writer, Old Shatterhand/Winnetou

1841 Karl F Schinkel, German painter/writer (Neue Wache), dies at 60

1841 Johann F Herbart, German philosopher (General Padagogik), dies at 65

1841 Bernhard Heinrich Romberg, German composer, dies at 73

1841 Bernhard Romberg, German cellist/composer, dies

1841 Franz Xaver von Baader, German philosopher/theologist, dies at 76

1841 Ernst von Possart, German actor/stage manager/reciter

1841 Wilhelm Scherer, German literature historian

1841 J H Ferdinand Olivier, German painter, dies at 55

1840 Ernest Debes, German cartographer, Baedeker

1840 Caspar David Friedrich, German Artist

1840 Franz Xaver Haberl, German priest/musicologist, Magister choralis

1840 Mehemed Emin Pasja, German explorer/governor, Equatoria

1840 Heinrich Olbers, German astronomer (comets and asteroids), dies at 81

1840 Otto Liebmann, German philosopher, Climax of Theories

1840 F August Bebel, German social-democrat

1840 August Bebel, German Politician

1839 August A Kundt, German physicist, sound vibration, test of Kundt

1839 Karl A von Zittel, German geologist/paleontologist, Libya

1839 Jacob Gottfried Weber, German composer, dies at 60

1839 Oskar Brefeld, German botanist

1839 Paul Lindau, German playwright/critic, Der Herr im Hause

1839 August W. Eichler, German botanist

1838 Emil Rathenau, German industrialist, AEG

1838 Adelbert von Chamisso, German Poet

1838 Eugen Richter, German parliament member, Liberal

1838 Gustav von Schmoller, German economist, Lectern Socialism

1838 Paul Laband, German lawyer

1837 Friedrich W. Mengelberg, German sculptor/painter

1837 Moriz Heyne, German germanist, Beowulf

1837 Adam Opel, German manufacturer, cycling, motorcars

1837 Friedrich von Holstein, German diplomat, die graue Eminenz

1837 Georg Buchner, German playwright (Leonce und Lena), dies at 23

1836 Karl Freiherr von Stumm-Halberg, German industrialist and politician

1835 Adolf Stoecker, German anti semite/PM

1835 German railway Neurenberg-Furth opens

1835 Louis Angely, German comedic poet (Paris in Pommern), dies at 48

1835 J. F. W. Adolf Ritter von Baeyer, German chemist, Nobel 1905

1835 Wilhelm von Humboldt, German Educator

1835 Matthias J. Scheeben, German theologist, Natur und Gnade

1835 Richard Andree, German geography/etnologist, Andree's Handatlas

1834 Georg H Quincke, German physicist, test of Quincke

1834 Johann C F Zollner, German astronoom, astro photo meter

1834 Heinrich von Treitschke, German historian/parliament member

1834 Gustav Hermann Nachtigal, German physician/colonizer/consul in Tunis

1834 Friedrich Schleiermacher, German theologist/philosopher, dies at 65

1834 German Tolunie goes into effect

1833 Kaspar Hauser, German son of grand duke Karel of Bathe, murdered at 21

1833 Matthias Hohner, German manufacturer, harmonica

1833 Wilhelm Dilthey, German philosopher, Das Leben Schleiermans

1833 Antonius von der Linde, Netherlands/German librarian/chess player

1833 Auguste Schmidt, German teacher/feminist

1833 Ferdinand von Richthofen, German geographer/explorer

1833 Rahel Varnhagen von Ense-Levin, German author, dies at 61

1833 Bernhard Erdmannsdorffer, German, historian, Deutsche Geschichte

1832 Wilhelm Wundt, German physiologist/psychologist/philosopher

1832 Nikolaus A. Otto, German technician, gas motor, otto motor

1832 Carl G Neumann, German mathematician/physicist, Neumann-functions

1832 Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, German Poet

1832 Daniel Friedrich Kuhlau, German/Danish opera composer, dies at 45

1832 Franz Melde, German phyicist, Melde test

1831 Alexander Conze, German archaeologist

1831 Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, German Philosopher

1831 Frederik III NK of Hohenzollern, German Kaiser/king of Prussia

1831 Wilhelm Raabe, Jakob Corvinus, German author, Der Hungerpastor

1831 Julius Rodenberg, Levy, German writer, Kriegs-Songs of War and Peace

1831 Georg Hermes, German philosopher/theologist (Hermenianen), dies

1831 Christian G Korner, German lawyer, dies at 74

1831 Gerhard Rohlfs, German explorer/ambassador in Abyssinia

1831 Friedrich M Klinger, German (stage)author (Plimplamplasko), dies at 79

1831 Friedrich C. K. von Bodelschwingh, German theologist, Home Mission

1831 Georg Leo earl von Caprivi, German chancellor/premier of Prussia

1830 Kaspar CE Ritter von Zumbusch, German/Austria sculptor

1830 Rudolf Cornely, German bible expert/jesuit

1830 Julius F A Bahnsen, German philosopher

1830 Johann G Repsold, German instrument maker, dies at 59

1829 German 1st assassination on abandoned teenager Kaspar Hauser

1829 Anselm Feuerbach, German painter

1829 Moritz B Cantor, German math historian

1829 Eduard F. W. Pfluger, German physiologist, Breathing Quotient

1829 Levin Goldschmidt, German business law expert

1829 Friedrich von Schlegel, German cultural philosopher/poet, dies at 56

1829 Adolf von Schlagintweit, German explorer, Tarimbekken

1829 Konrad Duden, German linguist, Der grosse Duden

1828 Karl L Kahlbaum, German psychiatrist, katatonie

1828 Mathilde Wesendonk, German writer/poet, Tagebuchblatter

1828 Franz Joseph Gall, German/French physician (frenology), dies at 70

1828 Theodor W. Ahlwardt, German orientalist

1828 Johannes von Miquel, German politician

1828 Ferdinand J Cohn, German botanist/publicist

1827 Christian A Vulpius, German writer (Ornaldo Ornaldini), dies

1827 Johann F Ritter von Schulte, German Catholic lawyer

1827 Ludwig van Beethoven, German composer (Appassionata), dies at 56

1827 Oswald Aschenbach, German painter

1826 Friedrich Siemens, German industrialist

1826 Johann Peter Hebel, writer, teacher, most widely read German poet, author, wrote in Alemanic dialect, dies in Schwetzingen, Germany, at age 66

1826 G F Berhard Riemann, German mathematician, zeta-function

1826 Karl Maria FE von Weber, German composer (Oberon), dies at 39

1826 Carl Bechstein, German piano inventor

1826 Wilhelm Liebknecht, German MP, social-democratic

1826 Oskar Peschel, German journalist/geography, Volkerkunder

1826 Jean Joseph Bott, German violinist and composer

1826 J J Friedrich Weinbrenner, German architect/archaeologist, dies at 59

1826 Joseph V von Scheffel, German writer, Gaudeamus

1825 Eduard Hanslick, German Writer

1825 Jacobus J Backer, German sea historian

1825 Jules Oppert, German Assyriologist, decodes characters

1825 Richard ACE Erlenmeyer, German chemist, Erlenemyer kolf

1825 Johan Peter Melchior, German sculptor, dies at 82

1825 Joseph Albert, German photographer, albertotype

1824 Rudolf von Benningsen, German lawyer/politician

1824 Anna K Emmerick/Emmerich, German poet, dies at 49

1823 Leopold Kronecker, German mathematician, Tensor of Kronecker

1823 Max Muller, German Educator

1823 Max Mueller, German Writer

1823 Karl Weinhold, German sociologist

1823 Zacharius Werner, German playwright, dies at 36

1822 F William Herschel, German astronomer (discovered Uranus), dies at 85

1822 Ernst T Amadeus Hoffmann, German writer/judge/composer, dies at 46

1822 Frederick "William" Herschel, German/British astronomer, dies at 83

1822 Moritz Grave von Strachwitz, German poet

1822 Adolf Kuszmaul, German physician, stomach pump, Kuszmaul disease

1822 Franz Innocenz Joseph Kobell, German landscape painter, dies at 72

1822 Theodor Aufrecht, German indologist, Rigveda's Hymns

1822 Heinrich Schliemann, German polyglot/archeologist, Troje

1821 Andreas J Romberg, German violinist and composer (Der Rabe), dies at 54

1821 Rudolf Virchow, German politician/antropologist, cell pathology

1821 Hermann von Helmholtz, German Physicist

1821 Franz K Achard, German physicist/chemist, dies at 67

1821 Earnest Angel, German statistician, Law of Angel

1821 Ernst Engel, German Economist

1820 Freidrich Engels, German social philosopher

1820 Georg Curtius, German classical linguist

1820 Joseph F. Weigl, German/Austria violin cellist, dies at 79

1820 Hermann von Lingg, German playwright and poet

1819 Theodor Fontane, German writer, Effi Briest

1819 Franz Wilhelm Abt, German composer/choir conductor

1819 Clara Schumann, German Musician

1818 Joachim H Campe, German theory/author, dies at 72

1818 Heinrich Kiepert, German cartographer/geographer

1818 Carl P Fohr, German painter/cartoonist, dies at 22

1818 Otto Ludwig, German writer, Die Heiterethei

1817 Max von Schenkendorf, German poet, dies at 34

1817 Hermann Kopp, German chemist, Jahresbericht of Chemistry

1817 Theodor Storm, German judge/author, Imense China

1817 Abraham Gottlob Werner, German geologist

1817 Martin H Klaproth, German chemist (uranium), dies at 73

1816 E Werner von Siemens, German artillery officer/inventor

1816 Carl Zeiss, German Scientist

1816 Christian B Freiherr von Tauchnitz, German publisher, T Edition

1815 Ida von Duringsfeld, German author, Vd Schelde bis zur Mas

1815 Andreas Aschenbach, German painter/engraver

1815 39 German states unite under Act of Confederation

1815 Klara Fey, German orchestra leader, Deutscher Arbeiterverein

1814 Julius Robert Mayer, German Scientist

1814 Ernst Curtius, German archaeologist/historian

1814 Johann G Fichte, German philosopher (Wissenschaftslehre), dies at 51

1813 Hermann Kurz, German author and poet

1813 German Kingdom of Westphalia abolished

1813 Georg Buchner, German playwright, Dantons Tod/Woyzeck

1813 Karl Theodor Korner, German poet (Vetter aus Bremen), dies at 21

1813 Johann Czerski, German chaplin

1813 Christoph Martin Wieland, German Poet

1812 Mayer Amschel Rothschild, German Businessman

1812 Christian G Heyne, German archaeologist, dies at 82

1812 Franz Pforr, German painter/cartoonist (Lukasbund), dies at 23

1812 Hermann von Fehling, German chemist, Fehling's reagens

1812 Johann G Galle, German astronomer, discovered Neptune.

1812 Kaspar Hauser, German son of grand duke Karel van Bathe

1812 Alfred Krupp, German arms merchant

1812 Gottlieb Schick, German painter (Opfer Noachs), dies at 35

1812 Hermann Hirschboch, German composer

1812 Berthold Auerbach, German author, Schwarzwalder Dorfgeschichten

1811 Wilhelm E Freiherr von Ketteler, German politician/bishop of Mainz

1811 Heinrich W von Kleist, German playwright, dies at 34

1811 Ferdinand Hiller, German pianist/ composer and conductor

1811 Friedrich Hecker, Baden, German revolutionary republican politician

1811 Peter S Pallas, German geologist/zoologist, dies at 69

1810 Theodor Schwann, German co-originator of cell theory

1810 Johann/John Zoffany, German painter (Tribuna degl' Uffizi), dies at 77

1810 Earnest E Kummer, German mathematician

1809 Caroline von Schelling, Michaelis, German author, dies at 46

1809 Bruno Bauer, German Theologian

1809 Albert Schaffle, German sociologist, Abriss der Soziologie

1808 Karl [Theodor] Andree, German geographer/journalist, Globus

1808 Hermann Schulze-Delitzsch, German politician/reformer

1808 Jacob Albright, Albrecht, German / U.S. preacher, dies at 49

1808 David Friedrich Strauss, German Theologian

1807 Johann N Tetens, German/Danish philosopher/mathematician, dies at 70

1807 Friedrich T Vischer, German philosopher and writer, Auch einer

1807 Franz Grave von Pocci, German poet/composer, Der Alchemist

1807 August G Meissner, German estheticus/literary, dies at 53

1806 Max Stirner, Johann C Schmidt, German philosopher, Der Einzige

1806 Johann C Adelung, German translator/librarian, dies at 74

1805 Georg W. "Franz" Panzer, German vicar/librarian, dies at 76

1804 Eduard Morike, German vicar/poet/writer, Maler Nolten

1804 Ludwig A. Feuerbach, German philosopher, Man is what he eats

1804 Immanuel Kant, German philosopher (Zum ewigen Frieden), dies at 79

1803 Johann G von Herder, German philosopher/theologist/poet, dies at 59

1803 Justus Freiherr von Liebig, German chemist, agricultural chemics

1803 Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, German poet, dies at 78

1803 1,800 sovereign German states unite into 60 states

1802 August F Pott, German philologist, Etymology Forschungen

1802 Nikolaus Lenau, Hungary, German poet, Faust, Die Albigenser

1802 Aepinus, Franz UT Hoch, German physician/physicist, dies at 77

1802 Johann J Angel, German author/director, dies at 60

1801 Johann Gottlieb Naumann, German composer, dies at 60

1801 Julius Plucker, German mathematician/physicist, Plucker formulas

1801 Johannes P. Muller, German Scientist

1801 Gustav T Fechner, Dr. Mises, German philosopher/physicist

1801 Novalis, philosopher of early German Romanticism, author, wrote 'Pollen, Faith and Love', 'Hymns to the Night', dies from tuberculosis in the Germany, at age 28

1801 Johann Kaspar Lavater, German Theologian

1800 Heinrich R Goppert, German paleo-botanist

1800 Johann Abraham Peter Schulz, German composer, dies at 53

1800 Karl W. Feuerbach, German mathematician, Position of Feuerbach

1799 Heinrich WA Freiherr von Gagern, German liberal politician

1799 August Kopisch, German writer, Die Heinzelmannchen von Koln

1799 Heinrich F L Rellstab, German music theorist

1799 Karl Adolph von Basedow, German artist, Ziekte van Basedow

1799 Johann von Dollinger, German Old Catholic theologian/historian

1799 Georg C Lichtenberg, German physicist/writer, dies at 56

1798 Franz E Neumann, German mineralogist/mathematician/physicist

1798 Willibald Alexis, Georg W. Haring, German writer, Schloss Avalon

1798 Wilhelm H Wackenroder, German writer (Fantasies of Art), dies at 24

1798 Christian Gottlob Neefe, German organist/composer, dies at 49

1798 Karl von Staudt, German math professor, projective geometrician

1798 Christian Cannabich, German composer/royal chaplain master, dies at 66

1797 Kaiser Wilhelm I, German emperor, 1871-88

1797 William I, Berlin, King of Prussia, 1861-88, German Emperor, 1871-88

1796 Johann P Uz, German poet (Theodicee), dies at 75

1796 August Pauly, German classicus, Real Encyclopedia

1795 Carl P Fohr, German painter

1795 Friedrich [August] von Alberti, German geologist, Triasic Age

1795 Adolf B. Marx, German music theorist

1795 Christian Gottfried Ehrenburg, German zoologist

1795 Friedlieb F Runge, German chemist, Chinoline

1794 Friedrich B Freiherr von Gagern, German/Dutch army commandant

1794 Leopold Zunz, German scientist, Synagogical Poetry

1794 Eberhard F. Walcker, German organ builder, Paulskirche Frankfurt

1793 Karl Philipp Moritz, German Author

1792 Ferdinand Christian Baur, German Theologian

1792 Karl Earnest Ritter von Baer, Estonian/German embryologist

1791 Johann F Encke, German astronomer, Encke Comet

1791 Karl T Korner, German poet, Zriny, Leyer und Schwerdt

1791 W Friedrich Olivier, German landscape painter/cartoonist

1790 Johann N von Hontheim, German religious historian/Bishop, dies

1790 Joseph A Feuchtmayer (Feichtmayer), German rococo sculptor, dies

1789 Friedrich List, German Economist

1789 Carl G Carus, German physician/psychologist/philosopher

1788 Carl Phillip Emanuel Bach, German composer, dies at 74

1788 F Wilhelm von Schadow, German painter, Modern Vasari

1788 Aloys Schmitt, German music theory/composer/royal pianist

1788 Franz Pforr, German painter and cartoonist, Lukasbund

1788 Joseph Freiherr von Eichendorff, German poet, Das Marmorbild

1788 Kaspar Ett, German organist/composer

1787 Johann D Passavant, German historian/painter/graphic artist

1787 Carl Friedrich Abel, German/British viola player/composer, dies at 63

1787 Louis Angely, German, comedy writer, Sieben Madchen in Uniform

1786 Karl Maria Friedrich Ernst "von" Weber, German composer, Freischutz

1786 Justinus AC Kerner, German family doctor/poet/writer

1786 Mozes Mendelssohn, Jewish/German philosopher (Haksalah), dies at 56

1785 George F Kersting, German painter

1785 Bettina von Arnim, German writer, This Book Belongs to the King

1785 J. H. Ferdinand Olivier, German painter

1785 Karl A. Varnhagen von Ense, German officer/author, Die Sterner

1784 Friedrich W. Bessel, German astronomer, star parallax, Bessel Function

1784 Johan B Straub, South German sculptor, dies

1784 Franz K earl von Velbruck, German free mason, dies

1784 Franz KL von Klenze, German architect, Hermitage, St-Petersburg

1783 Max von Schenkendorf, German poet

1783 Johann Philipp Kirnberger, German music theroist/violist, dies at 62

1783 Magnus G Lichtwer, German writer (esopischer Fabeln), dies at 64

1782 Friedrich W. A. Frobel, German educator, founded kindergarten

1782 Johann Christian Bach, German composer/Mozarts tutor, dies at 46

1781 Karl F Eichhorn, German law historian

1781 Friedrich von Raumer, German historian/parliamentarian

1781 Karl F. Schinkel, German architect, painter and writer, Schloss Tegel

1781 Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, writer, dramatist, art critic, Enlightenment era writer, influenced development of German literature, dies at 52 in Braunschweig, Germany

1781 Adelbert von Chamisso, German Poet

1781 Ludwig Joachim "Achim" von Arnim, German poet, Des Knaben Wunderhorn

1780 August L Crelle, German inventor/mathematician, 1st Prussian Railway

1780 Friedrich H von der Hagen, German germanist, Nibelungenlied

1780 Wilhelm M L de Wette, German exegetist/theologist

1780 M Heinrich C Lichtenstein, German zoologist

1779 Anton R Mengs, German writer/neo-classic painter Madrid, dies at 51

1779 Friedrich C von Savigny, German lawyer

1777 Georg A Kestner, German art collector/diplomat

1777 Josef Christian, German sculptor, dies at 71

1777 Christian D Rauch, German sculptor

1776 Gottlieb Schick, German painter, Apollo under the Hirten

1776 Johann Adolph Scheibe, German music theroist/composer, dies at 67

1776 Jacob Israel Emden, Jacob ben Tswi, German rabbi, dies at 78

1776 Ernst Theodor Amadeus Hoffmann, German writer/judge/composer, Undine

1775 Georg Hermes, German philosopher/theologist, Hermenianen

1774 Susanne K von Klettenberg, German friend of Goethes mother, dies at 50

1774 Johann Friedrich Agricola, German (court)composer/organist, dies at 54

1774 Anna K Emmerick/Emmerich, German poet

1774 Caspar David Friedrich, German Artist

1773 Johann Conrad Schlaun, German barok architect, dies at 78

1773 Jakob F Fries, German philosopher

1773 Wilhelm H Wackenroder, German writer, Fantasies about Art

1773 Johann Joachim Quantz, German royal flautist/composer, dies at 76

1773 Caspar G C Reinwardt, German/Dutch biologist

1772 Novalis, born in Oberwiederstedt, Germany, philosopher of early German Romanticism, author, wrote 'Pollen, Faith and Love', 'Hymns to the Night'

1772 Gottfried Achenwall, German lawyer/statistics/economist, dies at 52

1771 Conrad E Ackermann, German actor/theater director, dies at 61

1771 Rahel Varnhagen von Ense-Levin, German saloon owner/author

1771 Gottlieb W Rabener, German author (Bremer Beitrage), dies at 56

1771 Georg F. Creuzer, German philological/historian, Idea und Probe

1771 Johann Baptist Cramer, German/British pianist/composer/publisher

1771 Augusta von Saxen-Gotha, German prince Frederick Louis of Wales, dies

1770 Theophil "Gottlieb" Muffat, German court organist/composer, dies at 80

1770 Johann G Repsold, German instrument maker

1770 Bernard S Albinus, Weiss, German surgeon/anatomist, dies at 73

1770 Georg D Ehret, German/English cartoonist, dies at 62

1770 Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, German philosopher/inventor, dialectic

1769 Ernst Moritz Arndt, German Poet

1769 Gerhard Tersteegen, German evangelist/poet (in blood), dies at 71

1768 Friedrich Schleiermacher, German theologist/philosopher

1768 Johann J Winckelmann, German archaeologist, dies at 50

1768 Johann M Fleischmann, German/Dutch stamp/letter designer, dies

1767 Bernhard Romberg, German cellist/composer/royal chaplain bandmaster

1767 August Wilhelm von Schlegel, German Poet

1767 August Wilhelm Schlegel, German poet/translator/critic

1767 Georg Philipp Telemann, German late-barok composer, dies at 86

1767 Wilhelm von Humboldt, German Educator

1767 Andreas Jakob Romberg, German violinist and composer, Song of the Clock

1766 J J Friedrich Weinbrenner, German architect/archaeologist

1766 Dominikus Zimmermann, German architect/painter, dies at 81

1766 Hans CE Freiherr von Gagern, German advisor to Dutch king

1766 Friedrich Bouterwek, German philosopher/critic

1766 Hans CE Freiherr von Gagern, German advisor to Dutch king Willem I

1765 Frans I Stefanus, RC German emperor (1745-65), dies at 56

1765 Franz Xaver von Baader, German philosopher/theologist

1764 Christian Goldbach, German mathematician, dies

1764 Johann Mattheson, German composer, dies at 82

1764 J Gottfried Schadow, German sculptor/cartoonist/lithographer

1764 Picander, Christian Henrici, German writer (Die Weiberprobe), dies

1764 Johann Mattheson, German composer/musicologist, dies at 82

1763 Caroline von Schelling, Michaelis, German author

1763 Caroline von Wolzogen, von Lengefeld, German author

1762 Christoph Nichelsmann, German klavecinist/composer, dies

1762 Johann G Fichte German philosopher, Wissenschaftslehre

1761 Charlotte von Kalb, German writer

1761 Friedrich von Matthison, German poet, Adelaide

1760 Friederike C Neuber, German actress/author (Schaferfest), dies at 63

1760 Johann Peter Hebel, born in Basel, Switzerland, writer, teacher, most widely read German poet, author, wrote in Alemanic dialect

1759 Ewald C von Kleist, German poet, dies at 44

1759 Karl Heinrich Graun, German composer, dies at 55

1759 Johann C Altnikol, German organist/klavecinist/composer, dies at 39

1759 Jacob Albright, Albrecht, German and U.S. predictor

1759 Friedrich A. Wolfius, Wolf, German philological, Prolegomena

1758 Franz Joseph Gall, German and French physician, frenology

1758 Johann Baptist Zimmermann, German stucco worker, buried at 78

1758 Johann F von Cronegk, German playwright (Codrus), dies at 26

1757 German Diet declares war on Prussia

1756 Theodor A Freiherr von Neuhoff, German adventurer/king, dies

1756 Karl Philipp Moritz, German Author

1756 Christian G Korner, German lawyer/father of Karl

1756 Johann T Gottlieb Goldberg, German klavecinist/composer, dies at 29

1755 Johann Georg Pisendel, German violist/composer, dies at 76

1755 Samuel von Cocceji, German lawyer, dies

1755 Samuel Hahnemann, German physician and originator of homeopathy

1754 Christian von Wolff, German philosopher, dies at 75

1753 August G Meissner, German author

1753 [Johann] Balthasar Neumann, German architect, dies at 66

1753 Franz K Achard, German physicist

1752 Friedrich M Klinger, German playwright, Wirrwarr

1750 Johann Sebastian Bach, German composer (Art of the Fugue), dies at 65

1750 Johann Valentin Rathgeber, German composer, dies at 68

1748 Ewald G von Kleist, German lawyer/inventor of condensator, dies at 55

1748 Johann Gottfried Walther, German composer/musicologist, dies at 63

1748 Christian Gottlob Neefe, German composer and conductor /tutor of Beethoven

1747 Johann J Dillenius, German botanist, dies at 63

1747 Johann A P Schulz, German composer

1747 Johann Abraham Peter Schulz, German composer, Moon has Risen

1746 Joachim H Campe, German author, Robinson of the Jungere

1746 Johann Heinse, German Sturm und Drang novelist/art critic

1745 Duke of Toscane chosen German emperor Frans I Stefanus

1745 Charles VII Albert, German emperor (1742-45), dies at 47

1744 Johann G von Herder, German philosopher/theologist/poet

1744 Immanuel J Pyra, German poet (Temple of True Poetry), dies at 28

1743 Martin H Klaproth, German chemist, uranium

1742 Gebhard Leberecht Furst Blucher von Wahlstatt, German Field Marshal

1742 Johan Peter Melchior, German sculptor

1742 Georg C. Lichtenberg, German physicist/writer, types of Lichtenberg

1742 German leaders elect Charles VII Albert Emperor

1741 Johann Kaspar Lavater, German Theologian

1741 Peter S Pallas, German geologist/zoologist, Siberia/Krim

1741 Johann J Angel, German author, Herr Lorenz Stark

1741 Jozef II, arch duke of Austria/RC German emperor, 1765-90

1740 Karl VI, German emperor (1711-40), dies

1740 Joseph F. Weigl, German/Austrian, violin cellist

1738 F William Herschel, German/English astronomer, discovered Uranus

1738 Georg Baehr, German master builder (Frauenkirche, Dresden), dies at 72

1736 Johann H Schepp, German/Netherlands engraver

1736 Johann N Tetens, German/Danish philosopher/mathematician

1733 Christoph Martin Wieland, German Poet

1733 Georg Bohm, German organist/composer, dies at 71

1733 Johann Zoffany, German painter, baptized

1732 Johann C Adelung, German linguist/librarian

1731 Christian Cannabich, German composer/royal chaplain master

1731 Johann F von Cronegk, German playwright, Olint und Sophronia

1729 Christian G Heyne, German archaeologist

1729 Mozes Mendelssohn, German englightened philosopher, Haksalah

1729 Benjamin Neukirch, German poet (Herrn von Hofmannswaldau), dies at 64

1729 Georg W. "Franz" Panzer, German vicar/librarian, Annales typographic

1729 Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, born in Kamenz, Germany, writer, dramatist, art critic, Enlightenment era writer, influenced development of German literature

1728 Anton Raphael Mengs, German writer/neo-classic painter

1728 Agostino Steffani, Italian/German diplomat/composer, dies at 73

1728 Peter III Feodorovich, German/Russian czar of Russia, 1761-62

1727 George Ludwig, German monarch of Hannover/king of England, dies at 67

1725 Karl Wilhelm Ramler, German poet, Geistliche Kantaten

1724 Aepinus, Franz UT Hoch, German physician/physicist

1724 Friedrich Gottlieb Klopstock, German poet

1724 Johann Theile, German composer (Adam und Eva), dies at 77

1723 Carl Friedrich Abel, German/British viola-da-gamba-player/composer

1723 Susanne K von Klettenberg, German friend of Goethes mother

1722 Elisabeth C "Liselotte" van Palts, German/French duchess, dies at 70

1722 Johann Adam Reincken, German organist/composer, dies at 99

1722 Pieter Erberfeld, German/Thais merchant on Java, dies

1721 Rudolph J Camerarius, German physician (sexuality plans), dies

1721 Bernhard Albinus, Weiss, German artist (Frederik of Prussia), dies

1721 Johann Philipp Kirnberger, German composer, baptised

1720 Johann P Uz, German poet, Lyrische Poem

1720 Johann Friedrich Agricola, German, court, composer/organist

1719 Gottfried Achenwall, German lawyer/statistician/economist

1719 Liechtenstein declares independence from German empire

1719 Karl H Freiherr von Canstein, German lawyer, dies at 52

1719 Franz K von Velbruck, German free mason/prince-bishop of Luik

1719 Magnus G Lichtwer, German writer, esopischer Fabeln

1718 Jacob F Muller, Sjako/Jaco, German/Netherlands crowd leader, beheaded at 28

1717 Johann J Winckelmann, German archaeologist, History of Ancient Art

1717 Christoph Nichelsmann, German composer

1717 German mob leader "Sjako" sentenced to death in Amsterdam

1716 Gottfried W. Leibniz, German philosopher/theologist, dies at 70

1716 Gottfried Leibniz, German Philosopher

1716 Engelbrecht Kampfer, German/Netherlands VOC-surgeon, dies at 65

1715 George Hickes, English linguist (Old German Philology), dies at 73

1715 Immanuel J Pyra, German poet, Temple of Real Poetry

1715 Ewald Christian von Kleist, German lyric poet, Der Fruhling

1714 Gottlieb W. Rabener, German author, Vom Misbrauch of the Satire

1714 Anton Ulrich, German duke of Brunswick/poet, dies at 80

1714 Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, German composer, son of J. S. Bach

1712 Christian Wilhelm Ernst Dietrich, German painter

1712 Georg F Schmidt, German engraver/etcher

1711 Arnold Moonen, vicar/literature (Defeated German Spraekkunst), dies

1710 Konrad E Ackermann, German actor, Die Oberpfalz

1709 Oxenstiern, German general (Malplaquet), dies in battle

1709 Spaar, German general (Malplaquet), dies in battle

1709 1st major group of Swiss/German colonists reaches NC/SC

1709 Johann H H Butz, German/Dutch organ builder

1708 Christian Weise, German writer (That Bose Catherine), dies

1708 Johann Adolph Scheibe, German music theroist/composer

1708 Friedrich von Hagedorn, German poet, Versuch einiger Poem

1708 Georg D Ehret, German/English cartoonist

1707 German composer Johann S Bach marries his niece Maria Bach

1707 Kaspar von Stieler, German linguist/poet, dies at 74

1707 Dietrich Buxtehude, German organist/composer, dies at about 69

1706 Johann Pachelbel, German organist/composer, dies at 52

1706 Josef Christian, German sculptor

1704 French and Bavarian forces were routed by a combined British, German and Dutch army at Blenheim, Germany

1704 Georg Muffat, French/German organist/composer, dies at 50

1703 Johann Kunckel/Kunkel, German alchemist/ambassador to Sweden, dies

1702 Georg E Rumphius, German nature explorer, dies

1701 Adam Drese, German composer, dies at 80

1701 Johann N von Hontheim, German church historian/suffragan, bishop

1700 Nikolaus L earl von Zinzendorf und Pottendorf, German evangelist

1700 Picander, Christian F Henrici, German writer, Der Sauffer

1699 Hans Georg Wenzeslaus von Knobelsdorff, German architect, Sanssouci

1697 Gerhard Tersteegen, German evangelist/poet, wrote in blood

1697 Jacob Israel Emden, Jacob ben Tswi, German rabbi

1697 Friederike C Neuber, German actress and author, Allerkostbarste Schatz

1697 Bernard S Albinus, Weiss, German surgeon/anatomist

1697 Johann Joachim Quantz, German royal flautist/composer

1695 Johann Conrad Schlaun, German barok architect

1694 Samuel Freiherr von Pufendorf, German lawyer, dies at 62

1693 Johann Kaspar von Kerll, German composer, dies at 65

1692 Georg F von Waldeck, German commander-in-chief (Colors), dies

1692 Christoph Bernhard, German composer, dies at 64

1692 Johannes G Schnabel, German author/surgeon, Insel Felsenburg

1690 Christian Goldbach, German mathematician, Goldbach position

1689 Philipp von Zesen, German poet (Bescheibung of Amsterdam), dies at 70

1689 German Parliament declares war on France

1688 France declares war on German

1688 Johann A Quenstedt, German Lutherian theologist, dies at 70

1687 Johann Georg Pisendel, German violinist and composer

1687 [Johann] Balthasar Neumann, German architect, baptized

1686 Mathias Rauchmuller, German sculptor (Piasten mausoleum Poland), dies

1685 Charles VI, German emperor/king of Spain, 1711-40

1685 Dominikus Zimmermann, German architect/painter, Liebfrauenkirche

1684 Johann J Dillenius, Dillen, German botanist, Historia Muscorum

1683 Johann Christoph Graupner, German composer

1682 Johann Valentin Rathgeber, German benedictine and composer

1680 Athanasius Kircher, German Jesuit/inventor (lantern), dies

1680 Johann Baptist Zimmermann, German stucco worker

1679 Samuel von Cocceji, German lawyer

1679 German emperor Leopold I signs peace with France

1679 Christian von Wolff, German philosopher

1678 Joseph I Habsburg, German king/Roman catholic emperor, 1705-11

1677 Angelus Silesius [Johann Scheffer], German medical/mystic poet, dies

1676 Justus G Schottel [Schottelius], German linguistic/poet, dies at 64

1676 Paulus Wirtz, Wurtz, German/Netherlands army commander, dies at 63

1674 German Parliament declares war on France

1674 Johann Paul Schor, German barok painter, dies at 58

1672 Heinrich Schutz, German composer (Weihnachtsoratorium), dies at 87

1671 French King Louis XIV and RC German emperor Leopold I sign secret anti-Dutch treaty

1669 John Coccejus, German/Netherlands reformed theologist, dies at about 66

1667 Karl H Freiherr von Canstein, German lawyer/Luthers pietist

1667 Johann Jakob Froberger, German organist/singer/composer, dies at 50

1667 Johann Jacob Froberger, German singer/organist/composer, dies at 50

1666 Gottfried Arnold, German theologist/historian/songwriter

1666 Benedictus Carpzovius, Benedikt Carpzov, German lawyer, dies

1666 Johann A Schall von Bell, German missionary/astronomer, dies

1666 Adam Krieger, German composer, dies at 32

1666 Georg Baehr, German master builder, Frauenkirche, Dresden

1665 Benjamin Neukirch, German poet, Herrn von Hofmannswaldau

1665 Rudolph J Camerarius, German botanist/physician, sexuality plant

1664 Andreas Gryphius, German writer, poet, dramatist, master of philosophy, works include historical tragedy 'Leo Armenius', dies at age 47

1662 Leonhart Kern, German sculptor, dies at about 73

1662 Johann Cruger, German organist/composer/music theorist, dies at 63

1661 Johann B Schup, Schuppius, German poet/historian/vicar, dies

1661 Georg Bohm, German organist/composer

1660 Peter Schenck, German/Netherlands engraver/publisher, baptised

1660 Daniel von Czepko, German poet, dies at 54

1660 Georg Ludwig, German monarch of Hannover/King George I of Gt Britain

1659 Simon Dach, German poet, dies

1657 Ferdinand III, King of Hungarian/Bohemia/German Emperor, dies at 48

1656 Johannes Schenck, German/Netherlands composer, baptised

1654 Johann V Andreae, German vicar/writer (Christenburg), dies at 67

1654 Samuel Scheidt, German composer (Concertus sacri), dies at 66

1653 German Parliament selects Ferdinand II king of Austria

1652 Elisabeth C "Liselotte" van de Palts, German/French duchess of Orleans

1651 Heinrich Albert, German composer (Arien oder Melodien), dies at 47

1651 Engelbrecht Kampfer, German/Netherlands VOC surgeon

1650 Christoph Scheiner, German astronomer, dies at 74

1646 Johann Theile, German composer, Adam and Eve

1646 Gottfried Leibniz, German Philosopher

1646 Elias Hill, German architect of Augsburg, dies at 72

1644 Abraham a Santa Clara, Johann Megerle, German court vicar

1642 George Hickes, English linguistic, Old German Philology

1642 Christian Weise, German writer, Niederlandische Bauer

1639 Martin Opitz, German poet and historian (Troerinnen), dies at 41

1638 Johann H Alsted, German theologist/philosopher, dies at 50

1638 Johannes Althusius, Althaut, German lawyer, dies at about 81

1637 Ferdinand II, King of Bohemia/Hun/German Emperor (1619-37), dies at 58

1635 Georg R Weckerlin, German poet, dies at 50

1634 Battle at Nordlingen ends in Swedish/protestant German defeat

1634 Battle at Nordlingen: King Ferdinand III and Spain beat Sweden and German protestants

1634 Battle at Nordlingen Bavarian: emperor Ferdinand II and Spain beat Sweden and German protestants

1634 Albrecht WE baron von Wallenstein, German duke, murdered at 50

1634 Adam Krieger, German composer

1633 Anton Ulrich, German duke of Brunswick/Wolfenbuttel/poet

1633 Sweden and Protestant German monarchy form Union of Heilbronn

1632 Kaspar von Stieler, German poet, Teutsche Wolredner

1632 Samuel, Freiherr von Pufendorf, German jurist

1631 German army under earl Johann Tilly conquerors Maagdenburg

1630 Johann Hermann Schein, German composer (Opella Nova), dies at 44

1630 Johann Kepler, German astronomer, dies at 58

1630 Johannes Kepler, German Scientist

1630 Emperor Ferdinand II opens German Parliament

1628 Gregor Aichinger, German composer/organist, dies at about 63

1628 Christoph Bernhard, German composer

1625 Albrecht von Wallenstein appointed German supreme commander

1624 Angelus Silesius, Johann Scheffler, German mystic, St. Seelenlust

1624 Jakob Bohme, German philosophical mystic, dies (birth date unknown)

1621 Michael Praetorius, German composer (In Dulce Jubilo), dies at 50

1620 Aegidius Albertinus, German writer (Lucifer's Kingdom), dies at 59

1620 Georg F von Waldeck, German commander-in-chief

1619 Philipp von Zesen, German poet and historian, Amsterdam

1617 Johann A. Quenstedt, German Lutherian theologist

1617 David Fabricius, German astronomer, dies at 53

1616 Andreas Gryphius, born in Glogow, Silesia, German writer, poet, dramatist, master of philosophy, works include historical tragedy 'Leo Armenius'

1616 Andreas Libavius, German alchemist, dies

1616 Johann Jacob Froberger, German singer/organist/composer

1615 Jo