1997 Death Manfred Von Ardenne, German scientific pioneer, dies at 90 1997 Event Pioneer 10, ends its mission 1996 Death Charles Edwin Molnar, computer pioneer, dies at 61 1996 Death Jean-Pierre Guerlain, cosmetics pioneer, dies at 91 1996 Death Michael Jinks, child care pioneer, dies at 59 1996 Death Arthur William Raynes McDonald, radar Pioneer/pilot, dies at 93 1996 Death Anne Schumacher Hummert, radio pioneer, dies at 91 1996 Death Audrey Angers, charity pioneer 1995 Death Manfred Donike, chemist Drug Test pioneer, dies at 61 1995 Death Isador Caplan, lawyer/Aldeburgh Festival pioneer, dies at 82 1994 Death Lester Sill, pioneer music publisher/record producer, dies at 76 1994 Death Andrew Miller-Jones TV pioneer, dies at 84 1994 Death Marino Iandioro, canned tomato pioneer, dies at 64 1994 Death Charlotte Auerbach, computer pioneer/mathematician, dies at 84 1994 Death Forsyth Hardy, documentary film pioneer, dies at 84 1994 Death Milford Dolliole, pioneer jazz drummer, dies at 90 1994 Death Johan Block, Dutch aviation pioneer (Martinair/Transavia), dies at 64 1994 Death Laurence "Bill" Craigie, jet pioneer, dies at 92 1992 Death John G Kemeny, U.S. computer pioneer (BASIC), dies 1992 Event Pioneer Venus Orbiter (1st Venus orbiter-1978), crashes into Venus 1991 Death Leigh Watson, U.S. aviation pioneer/air force general, dies at 93 1991 Death Jef Contryn, Flemish pioneer puppet theatre, dies at 89 1991 Death Corrie Hartong, dance pioneer, dies 1989 Death Charles A Hufnagel, doc (artificial heart valve pioneer), dies at 72 1988 Death Andrei P Ershov, Russian computer pioneer, dies 1988 Event Pioneer 6's closest approach to Earth since 1965 launch (1.87 M km) 1986 Death Paul Tournier, author, physician, famous Christian physician, pioneer of person-centered psychotherapy, wrote 'Medecine de la Personne', advocating we are more than our body, we are spiritual beings, dies from carcinoma, Troinex, Switzerland 1984 Death George Gallup, pioneer of public opinion polls, dies 1984 Death Rosser Reeves, advertising executive, television advertising pioneer, wrote, 'Reality in Advertising', created ads for Dwight Eisenhower's Presidential campaign, owned a 138.7 carat Star Ruby, dies 1983 Event Pioneer 10 is 1st man-made object to leave Solar System 1982 Event Nayoko Yoshikawa wins LPGA Pioneer Cup Golf Tournament 1981 Event Chako Higuchi wins LPGA Pioneer Cup Golf Tournament 1981 Death Donald W. Douglas, U.S. aircraft pioneer/builder, dies at 88 1979 Event Pioneer 11 makes 1st fly-by of Saturn, discovers new moon, rings 1979 Death Asa Philip Randolph, labor leader and civil rights pioneer, dies at 90 1978 Event Pioneer Venus 2 drops 5 probes into atmosphere of Venus 1978 Event Pioneer Venus 1 begins orbiting Venus 1978 Event Pioneer Venus 1 goes into orbit around Venus 1978 Event Pioneer 11 transmits images of Saturn and its rings 1978 Event U.S. launches Pioneer Venus 1; produces 1st global radar map of Venus 1975 Death Maxwell Maltz, cosmetic surgeon, author, self-help pioneer, invented Psycho-Cybernetics, system to improve one's self-image, lead a better life, wrote, 'Psycho-Cybernetics', believes positive self-view key to achieving goals, dies 1974 Event Pioneer Hall opens 1973 Event Pioneer 10 reaches Jupiter 1973 Event Pioneer 10 passes Jupiter (1st fly-by of an outer planet) 1973 Death Willem Vogt, Dutch radio pioneer/founder AVRO, dies at 84 1973 Event Pioneer 11 launched toward Jupiter and Saturn 1973 Event Pioneer 11 launched to Jupiter 1973 Death Edward Steichen, pioneer of U.S. photography, dies at 93 1972 Event Pioneer 10 launched for Jupiter flyby 1971 Death David Sarnoff, U.S. TV pioneer (RCA), dies at 80 1971 Death Philo T Farnsworth, U.S. TV pioneer, dies at 64 1969 Event Pioneer 10 launched 1967 Event U.S. launches Pioneer 8 into solar orbit 1966 Death Margaret Sanger, U.S. feminist/birth control pioneer, dies at 86 1966 Event Pioneer 7 launched into solar orbit 1966 Event Pioneer 7 launched 1966 Event Pioneer Plaza dedicated 1965 Event Pioneer 6 launched into solar orbit 1964 Birthday Adam Curry, born in Arlington, Virginia, broadcast personality, video jockey, a pioneer of podcasting, nicknamed the 'Podfather' 1963 Death Albert Plesman, aviation pioneer, dies 1960 Event Pioneer 5 launched into solar orbit between Earth and Venus 1959 Birthday Ranjan Madugalle, cricketer, pioneer of Sri Lanka's Test teams 1959 Event Farthest radio signal heard (Pioneer IV, 400,000 miles) 1959 Event U.S. Pioneer IV misses Moon and becomes 2nd (U.S. 1st) artificial planet 1959 Event 1st U.S. probe to enter solar orbit, Pioneer 4, launched 1958 Death Brand Dirck Ochse, film/bioscope pioneer (Polygoon), dies at 66 1958 Event U.S. lunar probe Pioneer 3 reaches 107,269 km, falls back 1958 Event 2nd U.S. Moon probe, Pioneer 1, reaches 113,810 km, falls back 1958 Death Marie Stopes, birth control pioneer, dies 1958 Death Henry Farman, French aviation pioneer (double decker), dies at 84 1958 Birthday Ice-T, born in Newark, New Jersey, Tracy Marrow, musician, pioneer of gangsta rap, songwriter, actor, Grammy Award winner, author 1955 Death Robert Blackburn, British aviation pioneer, dies at 70 1955 Death Louis Breguet, French aviation pioneer, dies at 75 1954 Death Auguste Lumiere, French photograph/movie pioneer, dies at 81 1953 Death Albert Plesman, Dutch aviation pioneer/founder (KLM), dies at 64 1952 Death William Fox, Fried, U.S. film pioneer (Nickelodeon), dies at 73 1948 Death Orville Wright, U.S. aviation pioneer, dies at 76 1947 Birthday Bill Fontana, born in Cleveland, Ohio, composer, sound art pioneer, created sounds sculptures in 1976, using urban surroundings as a source of musical information, to evoke visual imagery 1945 Death Robert H Goddard, U.S., rocket pioneer, dies at 62 1945 Death Robert Goddard, Rocket pioneer, dies 1944 Birthday Paul Lansky, born in New York, composer, electronic music, computer music language pioneer, studied with George Perle and Milton Babbitt, professor of music at Princeton University 1942 Birthday Desmond Dekker, Dacris, Jamaica, reggae pioneer, Aces-Israelites 1941 Death Earnest Udet, German general/head air pioneer, commits suicide 1941 Death Jelly Roll Morton pioneer jazz pianist, dies in LA at 56 1940 Event Pennsylvania Turnpike, pioneer toll thruway, opens 1940 Death Paul G Nipkow, German TV pioneer (Nipkow disk), dies at 80 1939 Birthday Max Neuhaus, born in Beaumont, Texas, composer, percussionist, avant-garde, experimental genres, interpreter of contemporary music, sound art pioneer, designed sound generation and projection systems 1939 Birthday Peter Phillips, born in Birmingham, England, artist, painter, sculpture, screenprint, lithography, pioneer, Pop Art Movement 1939 Birthday Jon Appleton, born in Los Angeles, California, composer, pioneer in electro-acoustic music, won Guggenheim, Fulbright Foundation fellowships 1938 Birthday Mike Mainieri, born in the Bronx, New York, jazz fusion vibraphonist, worked with Steps Ahead, pioneer in 'synth-vibe' electronic vibraphone music, recorded with Buddy Rich, Jeremy Steig, featured on Dire Straights tracks 1938 Death Truby King, pioneer of mothercraft, dies 1937 Death Walter Mittelholzer, Swiss aviation pioneer, dies in crash at 43 1936 Birthday Michael Jinks, child care pioneer 1935 Death Wiley Post, aviation pioneer, killed in plane crash in Alaska at 36 1933 Birthday Manfred Donike, chemist drug test pioneer 1933 Death Frederick Henry Royce, motorcar pioneer, dies 1932 Birthday Marek Kopelent, born in Czechoslovakia, composer, contemporary music, New Music movement pioneer 1931 Death Daniel H Williams, doctor (pioneer in surgery), dies 1930 Death Glenn Hammond Curtiss, aviation pioneer/airplane builder, dies at 52 1930 Birthday Robert Ashley, born in Ann Arbor, Michigan, composer, audio synthesis pioneer, works incorporate extended techniques, electronics 1929 Birthday Marino Iandioro, canned Tomato Pioneer 1929 Birthday Johan N Block, aviation pioneer, Martinair/Transavia/Air Holland 1928 Birthday Sol LeWitt, born in Connecticut, artist, modern art pioneer, famous for wall drawings and "structures" 1926 Birthday Bill Justis, born in Birmingham, Alabama, musician, musical arranger, rock and roll pioneer, celebrated for Grammy Hall of Fame song "Raunchy" and Australian hit "Tamoure" 1926 Birthday Christine Jorgensen, pioneer transsexual 1925 Birthday Warren G. Bennis, born in New York City, New York, scholar, author, Leadership Studies pioneer, studied group behavior at MIT, prompting interest in the then-nonexistent field of leadership, published 'Revisionist Theory of Leadership', 1961, stating that humanistic, democratic-style leaders can best manage change in the leadership environment 1923 Birthday Norman E. Shumway, born in Michigan, pioneer cardiac transplant surgeon 1923 Birthday Joseph Wiezenbaum, artificial intelligence pioneer 1921 Death Geo Mestdagh, Belgian aviation pioneer, dies 1920 Death John Wesley Hyatt, inventor/plastics pioneer, dies 1918 Birthday Lester Sill, pioneer music publisher/record producer 1917 Birthday Jo Stafford, born in California, American pop and jazz singer, pioneer of modern musical parody 1917 Death Ferdinand von Zeppelin, Dutch count/air pioneer, dies at 78 1916 Birthday Robert A Bruce, Maryland, pioneer, exercise cardiology 1915 Death James Hutton Brew, Pioneer of West African Journalism, dies 1915 Death Albert J-BJ Thijs, Belgian Colonial pioneer (Congo), dies at 65 1912 Birthday Alan Turing, mathematician/pioneer in computer theory, Turing Machine 1912 Death Wilbur Wright, U.S. aviation pioneer, dies 1912 Birthday Isador Caplan, lawyer/Aldeburgh Festival Pioneer 1910 Birthday Mahomed Nissar, cricketer, pioneer Indian opening bowler in Tests 1910 Birthday Andrew Miller-Jones, British TV pioneer 1910 Birthday Forsyth Hardy, documentary film pioneer 1910 Birthday Charlotte Auerbach, computer Pioneer/Mathematician 1910 Birthday Rosser Reeves, born in Danville, Virginia, advertising executive, television advertising pioneer, wrote, 'Reality in Advertising', created ads for Dwight Eisenhower's Presidential campaign, owned a 138.7 carat Star Ruby 1910 Death Leon Delagrange, French aviation pioneer, dies 1909 Birthday Jean Batten, New Zealand air pioneer, 1st woman to fly solo England to Australia 1909 Death Ernest F Cambier, Bel colonial pioneer (1st Congo railway), dies at 65 1908 Birthday Michael E DeBakey, artificial heart pioneer 1906 Birthday Willa B Brown, Coffey, U.S. black air pioneer, NAAA 1905 Birthday Jean-Pierre Guerlain, cosmetics pioneer 1905 Birthday Anne Schumacher Hummert, radio pioneer 1904 Death John Simon, public health pioneer, dies 1904 Birthday Charles Richard Drew, pioneer of blood plasma research 1904 Birthday Naoomal Jeoomal, cricketer, pioneer Indian Test opening batsman 1904 Birthday B[urrhus] F[rederic] Skinner, Pennsylvania, Behaviorism pioneer, Skinner box 1903 Birthday Milford Dolliole, pioneer jazz drummer 1903 Birthday Arthur William Raynes McDonald, radar Pioneer/pilot 1902 Birthday Laurence "Bill" Craigie, jet pioneer 1900 Event Passing of Andrew Halliday, cable car pioneer 1900 Birthday Graham Spry, St. Thomas Ontario, Canadian radio pioneer 1899 Birthday Wiley Post, Texas, aviation pioneer 1899 Birthday Maxwell Maltz, born in America, cosmetic surgeon, author, self-help pioneer, invented Psycho-Cybernetics, system to improve one's self-image, lead a better life, wrote, 'Psycho-Cybernetics', believes positive self-view key to achieving goals 1898 Birthday Paul Tournier, born in Geneva, Switzerland, author, physician, famous Christian physician, pioneer of person-centered psychotherapy, wrote 'Medecine de la Personne', advocating we are more than our body, we are spiritual beings 1897 Birthday Ralph Wyckoff, American pioneer in x-ray crystallography 1897 Birthday Charles Edward Kingsford-Smith, pioneer Australian aviator 1896 Birthday Philip L Carret, Lynn Massachusetts, CEO, Pioneer Fund 1896 Death Otto Lilienthal, German aircraft pioneer, dies 1896 Birthday Jean Piaget, born in Switzerland, pioneer developmental psychologist and zoologist 1896 Death Otto Lilenthal, aircraft pioneer, killed during a glider test at 48 1894 Birthday Lloyd A. Hall, born in Illinois, pioneer in food chemistry 1894 Birthday Walter Mittelholzer, Swiss aviation pioneer, Swiss Air 1892 Birthday Edmond Thieffry, Belgian WW I pilot/air pioneer 1892 Birthday Donald Wills Douglas, U.S., aircraft pioneer, McConnell Douglas 1891 Birthday H V Porter, basketball pioneer, created fan shape backboard 1891 Birthday David Sarnoff, U.S., radio/TV pioneer/CEO, RCA 1891 Death Nicholaus Otto, auto pioneer (internal combustion engine), dies 1890 Birthday Edwin Armstrong, born in New York City, radio pioneer inventor, FM 1890 Birthday Jack Cusack, pro football pioneer, Canton Bulldogs 1890 Birthday Cyril Rutherford "Snuffy" Browne, cricketer, pioneer WI Test player 1890 Birthday Anthony Herman Gerard Fokker, born in Holland, aircraft pioneer, Spider 1890 Birthday Anton Hermann Fokker, avation pioneer 1889 Birthday Abel Gance, French film pioneer/actor, Napoleon, J'accuse 1889 Birthday Albert Plesman, aviation pioneer/founder/director, KLM 1888 Birthday Willem Vogt, Dutch radio pioneer/founder, AVRO 1885 Birthday Robert Blackburn, British aviation pioneer 1885 Birthday Eugen Herrigel, Germany, philosopher/early pioneer of Zen in Europe 1885 Death Fred Burnaby, English colonel/balloon pioneer, dies in battle 1884 Death Gregor Mendel, Augustine monk/heredity pioneer, dies at 61 1883 Birthday Lester Patrick, NHL pioneer 1883 Birthday Jan Olieslagers, Belgian aviation pioneer, Antwerp Devil 1882 Birthday Robert Hutchings Goddard, Worcester Massachusetts, rocket pioneer 1880 Birthday Louis Breguet, French aviation pioneer 1879 Birthday William Fox, U.S. film pioneer, Nickelodeon 1877 Birthday Bernard Bosanquet, cricketer, pioneer of googly 1877 Death William Henry Fox Talbot, photographic pioneer, dies at 77 1876 Birthday Clifford Whittingham Beers, U.S., mental hygiene pioneer 1874 Birthday Henry Farman, French aviation pioneer, double decker 1869 Death Frederik W. Conrad, hydraulic engineer/railway pioneer, dies at 68 1866 Death George Shillibeer, pioneer of London's 1st bus service, dies 1866 Birthday Herbert Henry Dow, pioneer in U.S. chemical industry, Dow Chemical 1865 Death Thomas Hancock, pioneer of rubber industry (Stoke Newington), dies 1862 Birthday Amos Alonzo Stagg, football pioneer, inventor, tackling dummy 1860 Birthday Paul G Nipkow, German TV pioneer, Nipkow Award 1857 Birthday Elwood Haynes, auto pioneer, built one of 1st U.S. autos 1857 Birthday Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, pioneer in rocket and space research 1856 Birthday Booker Taliaferro Washington, pioneer educator, 1st black on U.S. stamp 1854 Birthday Bill Murdoch, cricketer, great pioneer of Australian Test cricket 1851 Birthday Oliver Joseph Lodge, born in England, early radio pioneer 1850 Birthday Ebenezer Howard, London, pioneer of garden cities 1849 Birthday Albert J-BJ Thos, Belgian colonial pioneer, Congo 1849 Birthday Ivan Pavlov, Russia, physiologist/pioneer in psychology, Nobel 1904 1848 Birthday Otto Lilienthal, pioneer aviator 1846 Birthday William Fox Talbot, pioneer photographer/inventor 1844 Birthday Ernest F Cambier, Belgian colonial pioneer, 1st railway Congo. 1840 Birthday John Philip Holland, Liscannor Ireland, pioneer in submarine building 1840 Birthday Sophia Louisa Jex-Blake, pioneer English woman physician 1838 Death Pieter L Uys, South African pioneer (Great Pull), murdered at 40 1836 Birthday Maria L Sanford, pioneer educator, PTA 1836 Death Davy Crockett, U.S. pioneer (Alamo), killed in battle at 49 1836 Birthday Fannie M Jackson, pioneer and educator, 1st U.S. Black woman college grad 1834 Death Lionel Lukin, life boat pioneer, dies 1834 Birthday William Preece, English electrical engineer/wireless pioneer 1831 Birthday Clement Studebaker, automobile pioneer, Studebaker 1828 Birthday Albrecht Grafe, pioneer eye surgeon; founded modern ophthalmology 1825 Death Ann Bailey, pioneer, dies 1824 Birthday Henry Chadwick, baseball pioneer, developed 1st rule book 1815 Birthday Crawford Williamson Long, surgeon/pioneer, use of ether 1815 Death Robert Fulton, steamboat pioneer, dies 1813 Birthday Judocus Smits, Dutch Catholic newspaper pioneer/founder, The Time 1812 Birthday Austin Flint, 19th century heart research pioneer 1804 Birthday John Deere, pioneer manufacturer of agricultural implements 1800 Birthday Frederik W. Conrad, Dutch hydraulic engineer/railway pioneer 1800 Birthday William Henry Fox Talbot, Wiltshire England, photographic pioneer 1797 Birthday Joseph Henry, U.S., scientist/inventor/pioneer of electromagnetism 1797 Birthday Pieter L Uys, South African pioneer, Great Pull 1788 Birthday Augustin-Jean Fresnel, optics pioneer/physicist 1788 Event Pioneer African Baptist church organizes in Savannah, Ga 1787 Birthday Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet, Philadelphia, pioneer of educating the deaf 1785 Birthday Seth Thomas, pioneer in mass production of clocks 1784 Birthday John McLoughlin, Hudson's Bay Co pioneer in Oregon Country 1783 Birthday Alexander Ross, Canada, pioneer/fur trader 1782 Birthday Charles Waterton, eccentric naturalist/pioneer 1754 Birthday Benjamin Waterhouse, physician, smallpox vaccine pioneer 1745 Birthday Jacques Montgolfier, France, aeronaut, 1st pioneer balloonist 1745 Birthday James Montgolfier, France, aeronaut, 1st pioneer balloonist 1736 Birthday Robert Raikes, England, Sunday school pioneer 1619 Death Olivier de Serres, French farming pioneer (silkworms), dies
