| February 12 | Santiago, Chile founded (or Feb 24) |
| February 24 | Santiago, Chile founded by Pedro de Valvidia (or 2/12) |
| March 18 | Hernan de Soto observes 1st recorded flood in America (Mississippi R) |
| April 4 | Ignatius of Loyola becomes 1st superior-general of Jesuits |
| May 8 | Hernando de Soto discovers Mississippi River |
| June 14 | Duke Willem van Gulik of Gelre marries Jeanne d'Albret |
| June 18 | Irish parliament selects Henry VIII as king of Ireland |
| August 26 | Turkish sultan Suleiman occupies Buda/annexes Hungary |
| October 31 | Michelangelo Buonarroti's paints "last judgement" in Sistine Chapel |
| November 9 | Queen Catharine Howard confined in London Tower |
| December 29 | Isabella of Poland and King Ferdinand of Austria sign Treaty of Gyalu |
