| January 1 | Isaac Newton is baptized in St. John's Church in Colsterworth, England |
| January 23 | Sir Thomas Fairfax takes Leeds for Parliamentarians |
| February 25 | Dutch U.S. colonists kill Algonquin-indians |
| April 27 | Tirso de Molina's "Bellaco Sois, Gomez," premieres in Madrid |
| May 13 | Battle at Grantham: English parliamentary armies beat royalists |
| May 13 | Heavy earthquake strikes Santiago, Chile; kills 1/3 of population |
| May 14 | Louis XIV (4) becomes king of France |
| May 19 | Battle at Rocroi/Allersheim: French army destroys Spanish army |
| May 19 | Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, Connecticut and New Harbor form United Colonies of New England |
| June 15 | Able Tasmania returns to Batavia after discovering Tasmania |
| June 18 | Skirmish at Chalgrove Field: Prince Rupert parliamentary armies |
| June 30 | Battle at Atherton Moor: Royalists beat parliamentary armies |
| July 5 | 1st recorded tornado in U.S. (Essex County, Massachusetts) |
| July 13 | Battle at Roundway Down: Royalists beat parliamentary armies |
| July 27 | Cromwell defeats Royalist at Battle of Gainsborough |
| September 20 | 1st battle at Newbury: King Charles I vs Robert Devereux' armies |
| October 11 | Battle at Wincebt: English New Model-army beats royalists |
| November 24 | Battle at Tuttlingen: Beiers army under General Mercy beats France |
