January 20 Cornerstone of Amsterdam townhall laid January 30 Spain and Netherlands sign Peace of Munster, ending Tachtigjarige War April 5 Spanish troops/feudal barons strike down people's uprising in Naples April 12 University of Harderwijk Netherlands solemn opens April 22 English army claims king Charles I responsible for bloodshed May 6 Battle at Zolty Wody-Bohdan Chmielricki's Cossaks beat John II Casimir May 15 Treaty of Munster: Spain and Netherlands ratified May 16 Battle at Zolty Wody: Bohdan Chmielricki's cosacks beat John Casimir May 17 Emperor Ferdinand III defeats Maximilian I of Bavaria June 10 Moscow's people uprise against regent Boris Morozov June 24 Cossacks slaughter 2,000 Jews and 600 Polish Catholics in Ukraine June 30 French premier cardinal Mazarin calls Saint Louis Chamber together July 22 10,000 Jews of Polannoe murdered in Chmielnick massacre August 17 Battle at Preston, Lancashire: Henry Ireton beats Scottish August 20 Battle of Lens: French duke d'Enghien defeats Spaniards August 26 People's uprising against Anna of Austria and Cardinal Mazarin September 11 Battle at Pilawce: Bohdan Chmielricki's beats John Casimir September 21 Battle at Pilawce: Bohdan Chmielricki's beats John Casimir October 4 Peter Stuyvesant establishes Americas 1st volunteer firemen October 18 1st U.S. labor organization forms, Boston Shoemakers October 24 Switzerland's independence recognized October 24 Treaty of Westphalia ends 30 year war and Holy Roman Empire November 2 12,000 Jews massacred by Chmielnicki hordes in Narol Podlia November 11 Dutch and French agree to divide St. Maarten, Leeward Islands November 26 Pope Innocent X condemns Peace of Westfalen November 30 English army captures King Charles I December 6 Pride's Purge: Thomas Pride prevents 96 presbyterians from sitting in English parliament
