| January 5 | Francesco Cavalli's opera "Giasone," premieres in Venice |
| February 5 | Prince of Wales becomes king Charles II |
| March 11 | Treaty of Rueil destroys 1st Fronde-uprising |
| April 21 | Maryland Toleration Act passed, allowing all freedom of worship |
| June 1 | Czar Aleksei throws out English merchants from Moscow |
| September 11 | Massacre of Drogheda-Cromwell kills 3,000 royalists |
| September 11 | Oliver Cromwell seizes Drogheda Ireland, most inhabitants massacred |
| September 30 | Last Swedish troops vacate Prague |