January 8 Dr. John A Veatch discovers borax, Tuscan Springs, California January 23 Steamer Pacific lost January 25 Battle of Seattle; skirmish between settlers and Indians January 29 Victoria Cross established to acknowledge bravery February 18 American (Know-Nothing) Party abolishes secrecy February 19 Tin-type camera patented by Hamilton Smith, Gambier, Ohio February 20 John Rutledge, Liverpool - New York steamer, hits iceberg; many die February 22 1st national meeting of Republican Party in Pittsburgh February 29 Hostilities in Russo-Turkish War cease March 5 Covent Garden Opera House destroyed in a fire March 5 Georgia becomes 1st state to regulate railroads March 25 A. E. Burnside patents Burnside carbine March 26 NSW's 1st 1st-class game, vs. Victoria at Melbourne NSW won March 30 Russia signs Peace of Paris, ending the Crimean War April 3 Gunpowder in church explodes killing 4,000 in Rhodos April 11 Battle of Rivas; Costa Rica beats Wm Walker's invading Nicaraguans April 18 Russian Republic Chancellor Earl von Nesselrode resigns April 29 Peace between England and Russia May 7 Argentine and Brazilian sign a navigation pact May 15 2nd San Francisco Vigilance Committee organized May 19 Senator Charles Sumner, Massachusetts, spoke out against slavery May 21 Lawrence Kansas captured, sacked by pro-slavery forces May 22 Violence in Senate, South Carolina Representative Brooks used a cane on Massachusetts Senator Sumner May 24 Pottawatomie Massacre took place in Kansas May 27 Doctor William Palmer found guilty of poisoning June 3 Cullen Whipple patents screw machine June 8 Pitcairn Islanders arrive on Norfolk Island June 17 Republican Party opens its 1st national convention in Philadelphia July 15 Natal forms as a British colony separate from Cape Colony July 16 Statue of Laurens Jansz Coster unveiled in Haarlem August 10 Hurricane washes away 2-300 revelers at Last Island, Louisiana August 12 Anthony Fass patents accordion August 20 Wilberforce University forms in Ohio September 14 Battle of San Jacinto, Nicaragua defeats invaders October 7 Cyrus Chambers, Jr. patents folding machine that folds book and newspapers October 8 Chinese police board British vessel Arrow, arrest 12 Chinese crewmen on suspicion of piracy and lower British flag, begins 2nd Anglo-Chinese War October 19 James Kelly and Jack Smith fight bareknuckle for 6h15m in Melbourne October 20 Arnhem-Oberhausen railway in Netherlands opens October 24 Constitution of South Australia adopted November 4 James Buchanan elected U.S. president November 16 Amsterdam post office at Nieuwezijds Voorburgwal opens
