| January 11 | Charing Cross Station opens in London |
| January 14 | Battle of Cosby Creek, TN |
| January 14 | General Sherman begins his march to the South |
| January 16 | Heavy fighting takes place near Dandridge, Tennessee |
| January 17 | General Longstreet's command ends heavy fighting at Dandridgem TN |
| January 27 | Battle of Fair Gardens, TN |
| January 27 | Civil War skirmish at Kelly's Ford, Va |
| January 28 | Battle of New Bern, NC |
| January 29 | Battle of Moorefield, WV (Rosser's Raid) |
| February 1 | 2nd German-Danish war begins |
| February 1 | Austrian/Prussian troops occupy Sleeswijk/Holstein |
| February 3 | Sherman's march through Mississippi |
| February 4 | Skirmish at Big Black River Bridge, Mississippi |
| February 5 | Federals occupy Jackson, Mississippi |
| February 6 | Skirmish at Barnett's Ford Virginia |
| February 7 | Federal troops occupy Jacksonville, Florida |
| February 13 | Miridian Campaign fighting at Chunky Creek and Wyatt, Mississippi |
| February 15 | Fire in Rotterdam Netherlands damages Museum Boymans |
| February 17 | Confederate sub "HL Hunley" sinks Union ship "Housatonic" |
| February 19 | Knights of Pythias form 1st lodge in Washington D.C. (12 members) |
| February 20 | Civil War battle of Olustee, Florida |
| February 21 | 1st U.S. Catholic parish church for blacks dedicated, Baltimore |
| February 21 | Battle at Okolona, Mississippi |
| February 22 | 2nd/last day of Battle of Okolona, Mississippi |
| February 22 | Battle at Dalton Georgia |
| February 22 | Skirmish at Calfkiller Creek (Sparta) Tennessee |
| February 27 | 6th and last day of battle at Dalton, Georgia (about 600 casualties) |
| February 27 | Near Andersonville Georgia, rebels open a new POW camp "Camp Sumpter" |
| March 1 | Louis Ducos du Hauron patents movie machine (never built) |
| March 1 | Rebecca Lee (U.S.) becomes 1st black woman to receive a medical degree |
| March 5 | 1st track meet between Oxford and Cambridge |
| March 9 | Ulysses S. Grant is appointed commander of Union Army |
| March 10 | Grant is named commander of the Union armies |
| March 10 | Red River campaign LA |
| March 11 | Skirmish at Calfkiller Creek (Sparta), Tennessee |
| March 14 | Rossini's "Petite Messe Solennelle," premieres in Paris |
| March 14 | Union troops occupy Fort de Russy, Louisiana |
| March 15 | Red River Campaign-Union forces reach Alexandria, Louisiana |
| March 18 | Dale Dike on Humber River crumbles drowning some 240 |
| March 19 | Opera "Mireille" premieres in Paris |
| March 21 | Battle at Henderson's Hill (Bayou Rapids) Louisiana |
| March 23 | Encounter at Camden AR |
| March 25 | Battle of Paducah, Kentucky (Forrest's raid) |
| March 29 | Great Britain gives Isotope Islands back to Greece |
| March 29 | Union General Steeles troops reach Arkadelphia Arkansas |
| March 30 | Skirmish at Mount Elba, Arkansas |
| April 2 | Skirmish at Crump's Hill (Piney Woods), Louisiana |
| April 2 | Skirmish at Spoonville/Antoine, Arkansas |
| April 3 | Skirmish at Okolona, Arkansas |
| April 4 | Skirmish at Elkin's Ford Little Missouri River, Arkansas |
| April 8 | Battle of Mansfield, Louisiana Federals routed by General Richard Taylor |
| April 9 | Battle of Pleasant Hill, Louisiana, 2870 causalities |
| April 10 | Austrian Archduke Maximilian becomes emperor of Mexico |
| April 12 | Battle of Blair's Landing Louisiana |
| April 12 | Confederate General Nathan Bedford Forrest captures Fort Pillow, Tennessee |
| April 15 | General Steeles' Union troops occupies Camden, Arkansas |
| April 17 | Battle of Plymouth, North Carolina |
| April 17 | Bread revolt in Savannah, Georgia |
| April 17 | Grant suspends prisoner-of-war exchanges |
| April 18 | Battle of Poison Springs, AR (Camden Expedition) |
| April 19 | Naval Engagement at Cherbourg, FR: USS Kearsage vs. CSS Alabama |
| April 22 | U.S. mints 2 cent coin (1st appearance of "In God We Trust") |
| April 23 | Battle of Cane River, Louisiana (Red River Expedition, Monett's Ferry) |
| April 25 | Battle of Marks' Mill, Arkansas (Camden Expedition) |
| April 29 | Skirmish at Jenkins' Ferry, Arkansas |
| April 30 | Battle of Jenkin's Ferry, Arkansas; General W R Scurry is killed |
| April 30 | New York becomes 1st state to charge a hunting license fee |
| May 1 | Battle at Alexandria, Louisiana (Red River Campaign) |
| May 3 | 3rd day in Battle at Alexandria Louisiana: Confederate assault |
| May 4 | General Grant's Army at Potomac attacks at Rappahannock |
| May 4 | Ulysses S. Grant crosses Rapidan and begins his duel with Robert E. Lee |
| May 5 | Atlanta Campaign-5 days fighting begins at Rocky Face Ridge |
| May 5 | Battle between Confederate and Union ships at mouth of Roanoke |
| May 5 | Battle of Wilderness, Virginia (Germanna Ford, Wilderness Tavern) |
| May 5 | Campaign in Northern Georgia - Chattanooga Georgia to Atlanta GA |
| May 6 | Battle of Port Walthall Junction, Virginia |
| May 6 | Battle of Wilderness, General Longstreet seriously injured |
| May 6 | General Sherman begins advance to Atlanta Georgia |
| May 7 | Battle of Wilderness ends (total losses: USA-17,666; CSA-7,500) |
| May 7 | Skirmish at Port Walthall Junction Virginia (Drewry's Bluff) |
| May 8 | Actions at Stony Creek/Nottoway bridge Virginia (Drewry's Bluff) |
| May 8 | Atlanta Campaign: Sever fighting near Dalton |
| May 8 | Battle of Antietam, Virginia (Spotslyvania Court House, Laurel Hill) |
| May 9 | Battle of Cloyd's Mt, and Swift Creek, Virginia (Drewery's Bluff, Ft. Darling) |
| May 9 | Battle of Dalton, Geogia |
| May 9 | Ship battle at Helgoland, Austria-Denmark |
| May 9 | Skirmish at Ware Bottom Church, Virginia |
| May 10 | Battles at Spotsylvania Court House, Virginia |
| May 10 | Skirmish at Ny River Virginia |
| May 11 | Battle of Yellow Tavern, Virginia (Sheridan's Raid, South Anna Bridge) |
| May 11 | General J E B Stuart is mortally wounded at Yellow Tavern |
| May 12 | Battle of Drewry's Bluff, Virginia (Ft. Darling) |
| May 12 | Battle of Spotsylvania Courthouse, Virginia |
| May 12 | Battle of Todd's Tavern, Virginia (Sheridan's Raid) |
| May 12 | Butler attacks Drewry's Bluff on James River |
| May 12 | U.S. Union colonel Emory Upton (24) promoted to brigade-general |
| May 13 | Atlanta Campaign-Battle of Resaca Georgia |
| May 14 | Battle of Reseca, Georgia -Atlanta- |
| May 15 | Battle of New Market, Virginia |
| May 15 | Skirmish at Marksville (Avoyelles) (Red River Campaign) |
| May 16 | Atlanta Campaign-battle of Resaca, ends (since May 13) |
| May 16 | Battle of Bermuda Hundred, VA |
| May 16 | Last battles at Drewry's Bluff, Virginia (6,666 casualties) |
| May 17 | Battle of Adairsville Georgia, Union forces Confederates to retreat |
| May 18 | Battle of Yellow Bayou, Louisiana (Bayou de Glaize, Old Oaks) |
| May 19 | Battle of Port Walthall Junction, Virginia (Bermuda Hundred) |
| May 19 | Last engagement in series of battles known as Spotsylvania |
| May 19 | Skirmish at Cassville Georgia |
| May 20 | Battle at Ware Bottom Church, Virginia, 1,400 killed or injured |
| May 20 | Spotsylvania-campaign ends after 10,920 killed/injured person |
| May 21 | General David Hunter takes command of Department of West Virginia |
| May 22 | Battle of N Anna River, Virginia (Totopotamy River, Haw's Shop, Hanovertown) |
| May 23 | Battle of Dallas, Georgia |
| May 23 | Battle of North Anna, Va, 1st of 3 days of fighting |
| May 25 | Battle of New Hope Church, Georgia |
| May 26 | Skirmish along the Totopotomoy Creek, Virginia |
| May 26 | Territory of Montana formed |
| May 27 | Skirmish at Salem Church (Haw's Shop), Virginia |
| May 29 | Mexican Emperor Maximilian arrives at Vera Cruz |
| May 30 | Battle of Bethesda Church, Virginia |
| May 30 | Cavalry fight at Old Church (Totopotomoy Creek) Virginia |
| May 31 | Raid at Morgan's Kentucky |
| June 1 | Battle of Cold Harbor, Virginia (Gaines' Mill, Gaines' Farm) |
| June 1 | Confederate cruiser The Georgia sold to The English |
| June 2 | Battle of Cold Harbour, Day 2 |
| June 3 | General Lee wins his last victory of Civil War at Battle of Cold Harbor |
| June 5 | Battle of Piedmont, Virginia, Augusta City |
| June 6 | Battle of Lake Chicot, AR, Dutch Bayou |
| June 7 | Abe Lincoln renominated for President by Republican Party |
| June 9 | Battle of Big Shanty, Georgia |
| June 9 | Battle of Kenesaw Mountain, Georgia, Pine Mt, Pine Knob, Golgotha |
| June 10 | Battle of Kellar's Bridge Kentucky, Licking River |
| June 10 | Battle of Waynesboro, Virginia |
| June 11 | 300' (90 m) of Meigg's Wharf washed away in storm |
| June 11 | Battle at Cynthiana Kentucky: General Hobsons unit caught |
| June 11 | Battle of Laurel Hill, West Virginia |
| June 11 | Battle of Trevillian Station, Virginia, Central Railroad |
| June 11 | Battle of Trevillian Station, Virginia, Central Railroad |
| June 11 | Confederate warship CSS Alabama runs into harbor of Cherbourg |
| June 12 | Lee sends Early into Shenandoah Valley |
| June 12 | Skirmish at Mcafee's Cross Road Georgia, about 57 dies in battle |
| June 14 | Congress rules Black soldiers must receive equal pay |
| June 14 | U.S. Union warship USS Kearsarge appears at Cherbourg |
| June 15 | Battle for Petersburg begins as General Grant assaults Confederate line |
| June 15 | Captain Mendell begins building 640m long ponton bridge over James River, Virginia |
| June 15 | Congress passes legislation equalizing pay for Black soldiers |
| June 15 | Robert E. Lee's home area, Arlington, Virginia, becomes a military cemetery |
| June 15 | Skirmish at Gilgal Church, Georgia |
| June 16 | Battle of Lynchburg, Virginia |
| June 16 | Skirmish at Golgotha Georgia |
| June 16 | Union General Grant begin siege of Petersburg, Virginia |
| June 17 | 640m long ponton bridge over James River Virginia finished |
| June 17 | Confederate troops pull back out Solves/lost Mt, Georgia |
| June 17 | General John B Hood replaces General Johnston |
| June 17 | Skirmish at Mud Creek/Noyes's (Nose) Creek, Georgia |
| June 18 | At Petersburg, Grant ends 4 days of assaults |
| June 19 | CSS "Alabama" sunk by USS "Kearsarge" off Cherbourg, France |
| June 19 | Skirmish at Pine Knob Georgia |
| June 20 | Battle of Kinston North Carolina and Battle of Abingdon, Virginia |
| June 20 | Battle of Petersburgs Virginia - in trenches |
| June 20 | Skirmish at Lattermore's Mills/Powder Springs Georgia |
| June 22 | Battle of Ream's Station, Virginia, Wilson's Raid |
| June 22 | Skirmish at Culp's (Kulp's) House, Georgia |
| June 25 | Horse tramway at the Hague, opens |
| June 25 | Petersburg Campaign-Federals begin digging tunnels under Reb lines |
| June 27 | Atlanta Campaign-Battle of Kennesaw Mountain, Georgia |
| June 29 | Grand Trunk Railway accident; 100 killed |
| July 2 | General Early and Confederate forces reach Winchester en route to Washington D.C. |
| July 2 | Statuary Hall in U.S. Capitol forms |
| July 3 | Harpers Ferry, West Virginia - Federals evacuate in face of Early's advance |
| July 4 | Battle at Chattahoochee River, Georgia |
| July 5 | Battle of Smith's Expedition, Mississippi (Tupelo, Harrisburg) |
| July 7 | S Middleton, MD -Early's Washington Raid- |
| July 9 | Battle of Monocacy, MD US1959 CS400 |
| July 11 | Battle of Fort Stevens, DC (Early's Raid, Tennallytown, MD) |
| July 11 | Confederate forces led by General J Early begin invasion of Washington D.C. |
| July 13 | Early retreats from Washington City back to Shenandoah Valley |
| July 14 | Gold is discovered in Helena, Montana |
| July 15 | Troop train loaded with Confederate prisoners collided with a coal train killing 65 and injuring 109 of 955 aboard |
| July 17 | CSA President Davis replaces General Joe Johnston with John Bell Hood |
| July 18 | President Lincoln asks for 500,000 volunteers for military service |
| July 20 | Battle at Stephenson's Depot Virginia: 200 killed or injured |
| July 20 | Battle of Peachtree Creek-Atlanta Campaign |
| July 22 | Battle of Atlanta-Hood attacks Sherman, 8449 Confederate, 3641 U.S. die |
| July 23 | Battle of Woodstock, Virginia |
| July 24 | Battle of Winchester, Virginia US1200 CS600 |
| July 26 | Battle at Ezra Chapel (Church), Georgia [Hood's Third Sortie] |
| July 26 | Riot at McCook's to Lovejoy Station GA, US600 CS--- |
| July 26 | Riot at Stoneman's to Macon GA, US1000 CS--- |
| July 27 | Battle of Darbytown, Virginia (Deep Bottom, Newmarket Road) (Strawberry Plains) |
| July 28 | 2nd day of battle at Deep Bottom Run Virginia |
| July 28 | Battle of Atlanta Georgia (Ezra Church)-second sortie US700 CS4642 |
| July 29 | 3rd and last day of battle at Deep Bottom Run, Virginia |
| July 29 | Battle of Macon, Georgia (Stoneman's Raid) |
| July 30 | Battle of the Crater: General Burnsides fails on attack of Petersburg |
| July 30 | Confederate troops attack Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, in fire |
| July 31 | Ulysses S. Grant is named General of Volunteers |
| August 1 | Battle of Petersburg, Virginia |
| August 4 | Land and naval action new Brazos Santiago, Texas |
| August 5 | Battle of Mobile Bay Al-Farragut is given rank of Vice-Admiral |
| August 5 | Spectrum of a comet observed for 1st time, by Giovanni Donati |
| August 6 | Rebels evacuate Ft. Powell, Mobile Bayd |
| August 8 | Comet C/1864 N1 (Tempel) approaches within 0.0964 AUs of Earth |
| August 8 | Red Cross forms in Geneva |
| August 8 | Union troops/fleet occupy Fort Gaines, Alabama |
| August 9 | Battle of Ft. Morgan AL |
| August 13 | Battle of Deep Bottom Virginia (Strawberry Plains) and Fussell's Mill VA |
| August 14 | 2nd day of battle at Deep Bottom Run Virginia: Federal assault |
| August 14 | Confederate General Joe Wheeler besieges Dalton, Georgia |
| August 15 | Off New England coast, CSS Tallahassee captures 6 yankee schooners |
| August 16 | 4th day of battle at Deep Bottom Run Virginia, Federal assault |
| August 16 | Battle of Front Royal Virginia (Guard Hill) |
| August 16 | Palace for People's industry official opens in Amsterdam |
| August 18 | 6th day of battle at Deep Bottom Run, Virginia: Confederate assault |
| August 18 | Petersburg Campaign-Battle of Weldon Railroad day 1 of 3 days |
| August 19 | 2nd day of battle at Globe Tavern, Virginia |
| August 20 | 8th/last day of battle at Deep Bottom Run Virginia (about 3900 casualties) |
| August 21 | Battle at Globe Tavern, Virginia, ends after 2500 casualties |
| August 21 | Battle of Grubbs Crossroads, KY |
| August 21 | Battle of Summit Point, VA |
| August 21 | General-major Nathan Bedford Forrests assault on Memphis, Tennessee |
| August 22 | Geneva Convention signed by 12 nations |
| August 22 | International Red Cross forms |
| August 23 | Union troops/fleet occupy Fort Morgan, Alabama |
| August 25 | Combination rail and ferry service available from San Francisco to Alameda |
| August 25 | Petersburg Campaign-Battle of Ream's Station |
| August 29 | William Huggins discovers chemical composition of nebulae |
| August 31 | Atlanta Campaign-Battle of Jonesboro Georgia, 1900 casualties |
| September 1 | 2nd day of battle at Jonesboro Georgia, about 3,000 casualties |
| September 1 | Skirmish at Hood evacuated confederates from Atlanta GA |
| September 2 | Union General William T Sherman captures Atlanta |
| September 3 | U.S., British, French and Dutch naval officer sails Staits of Simonoseki |
| September 4 | Bread riots in Mobile, Alabama |
| September 5 | British, French and Dutch fleets attacked Japan in Shimonoseki Straits |
| September 16 | Battle of Coggin's Point, Virginia (Hampton-Rosser Cattle Raid) |
| September 17 | Grant approves Sheridan's plan for Shenandoah Valley Campaign |
| September 19 | 3rd Battle of Winchester Virginia (Opequon, 3rd Winchester) |
| September 22 | Battle of Fisher's Hill, Virginia, General Early Retreats to Brown's Gap |
| September 22 | Sheridan sets up camp in Harrisonburg VA |
| September 27 | Battle at Pilot Knob (Ft. Davidson), Missouri: 1700 killed/injured |
| September 27 | Jesse James' gang surprise attack train: 150 killed |
| September 29 | Battle of Waynesboro and New Market Heights VA |
| September 30 | Battle of Preble's Farm Virginia (Poplar Springs Church) |
| September 30 | Black Soldiers given Medal of Honor |
| October 1 | Cyclone strikes Calcutta: 70,000 killed |
| October 1 | John S Staples is paid $500 as a substitute for President Lincoln |
| October 4 | National black convention meets (Syracuse New York) |
| October 4 | New Orleans Tribune, 1st black daily newspaper, forms |
| October 5 | Battle of Allatoona, 1/3 of Union troops die repulsing South |
| October 5 | Most of Calcutta destroyed by cyclone (approx 60,000 die) |
| October 7 | Naval Engagement at Bahia Harbor Brazil-CSS Florida vs USS Wachusett |
| October 9 | Battle of Tom's Brook-Confederate cavalry that harassed Sheridan's campaign is wipped by Custer and Merrit's cavalry divisions |
| October 11 | Slavery abolished in Maryland |
| October 13 | Battle at Darbytown Road Virginia (337 casualties) |
| October 13 | Battle of Dalton, Georgia - surrendered |
| October 13 | Battle of Harpers Ferry, WV (Mosby's Raid) |
| October 13 | Maryland voters adopt new constitution, including abolition of slavery |
| October 15 | Confederate troops occupy Glasgow, Missouri |
| October 19 | Approx 25 Confederates make surprise attack on St. Albans, Vermont |
| October 19 | Battle of Cedar Creek, Virginia, Union beats back Confederate attackers |
| October 19 | U.S. Brigadier General Emory Upton (25) promoted to general-major |
| October 20 | Lincoln formaly establishes Thanksgiving as a national holiday |
| October 21 | Battle of Westport, MO (Kansas City) |
| October 23 | Battle of Westport, Missouri |
| October 23 | Union General Samuel R Curtis defeats Confederate General Stirling Price |
| October 25 | Battle of Marais Des Cygnes River, Kansas (Mine Creek) |
| October 25 | Skirmish at Mine Creek, KS and Turkeytown, AL |
| October 26 | Union troops ambush and kill 'Bloody' Bill Anderson in Richmond MI |
| October 27 | Battle of Boydton Plank Road, Virginia (Burgess' Mill, Southside Railroad) |
| October 27 | Battle of Fair Oaks, Virginia near Richmont |
| October 27 | Battle of Newtonia, MI |
| October 27 | Confederate ship Albemarle torpedoed/sinks |
| October 27 | Siege of Petersburg, VA |
| October 28 | Battle at Fair Oaks, Virginia, ends after 1554 casualties |
| October 28 | Battle of Wauhatchie, TN |
| October 29 | Greek parliament accept new Constitution |
| October 30 | Helena, Montana's capital, founded |
| October 31 | Nevada admitted as 36th state |
| November 4 | Confederate assault on Johnsonville, Tennessee |
| November 4 | Naval Engagement at Reynoldsburg Island |
| November 6 | Battle of Droop Mountain, WV (Averell's Raid) |
| November 7 | 2nd session of congress of Confederate States of America reconvenes |
| November 8 | Abraham Lincoln (R) elected to his 2nd term as president |
| November 9 | 1st export of goods from Burrard Inlet, BC to a foreign country |
| November 9 | Sherman issues preliminary plans for his "March to the Sea" |
| November 10 | Austrian Archduke Maximilian became emperor of Mexico |
| November 10 | Kingston, Georgia burned during Sherman's March to Sea |
| November 11 | Sherman's troops destroy Rome, Georgia |
| November 11 | Skirmish at Shoal Creek, AL |
| November 15 | 1st U.S. mines school opens in basement of Columbia University, New York |
| November 15 | Union Major General Sherman burns Atlanta |
| November 16 | Confederate retreat at Lovejoy, Georgia |
| November 16 | Union General William T Sherman begins march to sea during Civil War |
| November 22 | Battle at Griswoldville, Georgia, ends after 650 casualties |
| November 22 | Union General O Howard orders plunderers, shot to death |
| November 23 | Battle at Ball's Ferry Georgia (30 casualties) |
| November 25 | Confederate plot to burn New York City, fails |
| November 25 | Confederate retreat at Sandersville, Georgia |
| November 26 | Confederate troops vacate Sandersville Georgia |
| November 26 | Skirmish at Sylvan Brutal/Waynesboro, Georgia |
| November 27 | 2nd day of Battles at Waynesboro, Georgia |
| November 28 | 3rd day of Battles at Waynesboro/Jones's Plantation, Georgia |
| November 28 | Battle of New Creek, WV (Rosser's Raid, Ft. Kelly) |
| November 29 | 4th and last day of skirmishes at Waynesboro, Georgia |
| November 29 | Battle of Spring Hill, Tennessee (Thomason's Station) |
| November 29 | Colorado militia kills 150 peaceful Cheyenne Indians |
| November 30 | Battle of Franklin, Tennessee: Confederate attack fails, 7,700 casualities |
| November 30 | Battle of Honey Hill South Carolina (Broad River) 96 dead/665 wounded |
| December 1 | Raid at Stoneman: Knoxville, Tennessee to Saltville, VA |
| December 1 | Skirmish at Millen Brutal, Georgia |
| December 2 | Skirmish at Rocky Creek Church, Georgia |
| December 3 | Skirmish at Thomas' Station, Georgia |
| December 4 | Battle of Waynesborough (Brier Creek) GA |
| December 4 | Romanian Jews are forbidden to practice law |
| December 6 | Battle of Deveaux's Neck, SC |
| December 7 | Skirmish at Ebenezer Creek/Cypress Swamp, Georgia |
| December 8 | Pope Pius IX publishes encyclical Quanta cura ("Syllabus errorum") |
| December 10 | General Shermans armies reach Savannah and 12 day siege begins |
| December 13 | Battle of Ft. McAllister, GA |
| December 15 | Battle of Nashville, TN |
| December 15 | Raid on Stoneman: Abingdon and Glade Springs, VA |
| December 16 | Battle of Nashville ends after 4400 casualities |
| December 17 | Battle of Franklin, TN |
| December 21 | General Sherman conquers Savannah |
| December 24 | Battle of Gordonsville, VA |
| December 28 | Battle of Egypt Station, MS |
| December 29 | Fire Department celebrates 1st annual ball |
