January 9 Fisk University establishes January 11 Steamship London sinks in storm off Land's End England, kills 220 January 15 Bedrich Smetana's opera "Branibori vs. Cechach," premieres in Prague January 20 Prim's Insurrection in Spain ends February 10 Dutch government Frans van der Putte forms February 13 Jesse James holds up his 1st bank, Liberty, Missouri ($15,000) February 21 Lucy B Hobbs (Taylor) becomes 1st U.S. woman to earn a DDS degree February 26 New York Legislature forms New York City Metropolitan Board of Health March 1 Paraguayan canoes sink 2 Brazilian ironclads on Rio Parana March 2 1st U.S. company to make sewing needles by machine incorporated, Connecticut March 19 Immigrant ship Monarch of the Seas sinks in Liverpool; 738 die March 21 Congress authorizes national soldiers' homes March 27 Andrew Rankin patents the urinal March 27 President Johnson vetoes civil rights bill; it later becomes 14th amendment March 28 1st ambulance goes into service March 30 Bedrich Smetana's "Verkaufte Braut" (Sold Bride), premieres April 2 President Johnson ends war in Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Mississippi, Louisiana, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee and Virginia April 9 Civil Rights Bill passes over President Andrew Johnson's veto April 10 American Society for Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (ASPCA) forms April 16 Karakozov attempts to assassinate Tsar Alexander II of Russia April 16 Nitroglycerine at Wells Fargo and Co office explodes May 1 American Equal Rights Association forms May 4 Woodward's Gardens opens to public May 7 German premier Otto von Bismarck seriously wounded in assassin attempt May 8 Australian Rules Football is created May 16 Charles Elmer Hires invents root beer May 16 Congress authorizes nickel 5 cents piece (replaces silver half-dime) May 16 U.S. Treasury Department authorizes nickel May 18 French Government of De Putte resigns May 21 1st-class debut of G F Grace aged 15 years 159 days May 24 Berkeley, California named (for George Berkeley, Bishop of Cloyne) May 28 Dutch government of Zuylen van Nijevelt/Heemskerk forms May 30 Opera "Die Verkaufte Braut" premieres (Prague) June 1 General Dutch Typographer Union forms June 1 Renegade Irish Fenians invade Ft. Erie, Ontario from U.S. June 2 Renegade Irish Fenians surrender to U.S. forces June 7 Irish Fenians raid Pigeon Hill, Quebec June 13 House passes 14th Amendment (Civil rights for blacks) June 15 Prussia attacks Austria June 20 Italy declares war on Austria June 24 2nd Battle at Custozza: Prussian-Austria beats Italian army July 4 Firecracker thrown in wood starts fire destroying of Portland, Me July 10 Indelible pencil patents by Edson P Clark, Northampton, Mass July 17 Italian fleet under Admiral Persano capture Austrian Fort Lissa July 19 Tennessee is 1st to ratify 14th Amendment, guaranteeing civil rights July 20 Sea battle of Lissa-Austria vs Italy July 21 Cholera-epidemic kills hundreds in London July 23 Cincinnati Baseball club (Red Stockings) forms July 24 Tennessee becomes 1st Confederate state readmitted to Union July 25 25th Postmaster General: Alexander W Randall of Wis takes office July 25 David Faragut appointed as 1st Admiral of U.S. Navy July 25 U.S. Grant named 1st general of Army July 26 Canoe Club opens in England July 27 Atlantic telegraph cable successfully laid (1,686 miles long) July 28 Metric system becomes a legal measurement system in U.S. July 30 Race riot in New Orleans August 10 Transatlantic cable laid-President Buchanan spoke to Queen Victoria August 17 Bathe and Prussia signs peace treaty August 20 President Andrew Johnson formally declares Civil War over August 23 Treaty of Prague ends Austro-Prussian war September 1 Last Navaho chief Manuelito, turns self in at Fort Wingate September 4 1st Hawaiian daily newspaper published September 6 Frederick Douglass is 1st U.S. black delegate to a national convention October 1 Dutch Eindhoven-Venlo railway opens October 2 J Osterhoudt patents tin can with key opener October 6 1st train robbery in U.S. (Reno Brothers take $13,000) October 15 Great fire in Quebec destroys 2,500 houses October 30 Jesse James gang robs bank in Lexington Missouri ($2000) November 1 1st Civil Rights Bill passes November 4 Kingdom of Italy annexes Venetia November 10 Gold coins from the Sydney Mint become legal tender in Canada November 17 Opera "Mignon" is produced (Paris) November 20 1st national convention of Grand Army of Republic (veterans' org) November 20 Howard University founded (Wash, DC) November 20 Pierre Lalemont patents rotary crank bicycle November 30 Work begins on 1st U.S. underwater highway tunnel, Chicago December 3 Paid fire department replaces volunteer companies December 6 Chicago water supply tunnel 3,227 m into Lake Michigan completed December 11 1st yacht race across Atlantic Ocean December 21 Cheyennes, Arapho's, Sioux, Fetterman Massacre
