January 23 Sir Thomas Fairfax takes Leeds for Parliamentarians February 25 Dutch U.S. colonists kill Algonquin-indians April 27 Tirso de Molina's "Bellaco Sois, Gomez," premieres in Madrid May 13 Battle at Grantham: English parliamentary armies beat royalists May 13 Heavy earthquake strikes Santiago, Chile; kills 1/3 of population May 14 Louis XIV (4) becomes king of France May 19 Battle at Rocroi/Allersheim: French army destroys Spanish army May 19 Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, Connecticut and New Harbor form United Colonies of New England June 15 Able Tasmania returns to Batavia after discovering Tasmania June 18 Skirmish at Chalgrove Field: Prince Rupert parliamentary armies June 30 Battle at Atherton Moor: Royalists beat parliamentary armies July 5 1st recorded tornado in U.S. (Essex County, Massachusetts) July 13 Battle at Roundway Down: Royalists beat parliamentary armies July 27 Cromwell defeats Royalist at Battle of Gainsborough September 20 1st battle at Newbury: King Charles I vs Robert Devereux' armies October 11 Battle at Wincebt: English New Model-army beats royalists November 24 Battle at Tuttlingen: Beiers army under General Mercy beats France
