January 7 Russian Czar Peter the Great departs Netherlands to England August 18 Russian czar Peter the Great arrives in Zaandam August 19 Russian czar Peter the Great begins term August 25 Czar Peter the Great returns to Moscow after trip through West-Europe September 5 Russia's Peter the Great imposes a tax on beards October 11 France, England and Netherlands signs 1st Extermination treaty November 14 Spanish king Carlos appoints grandson prince Jozef Ferdinand as heir