January 3 Con Orem and Hugh O'Neill box 193 rounds before darkness ends match January 11 Battle of Beverly, WV January 12 Union fleet bombs Fort Fisher NC January 15 Ft. Fisher, North Carolina falls to Union troops January 16 Confederate Brigadier General John Pegram marries Hetty Cary Drunken sailor attacks munitions at Ft. Fisher NC, 40 die General Wm Sherman issues Field Order #15 (land for blacks) SF Dramatic Chronicle started January 18 Battle of Ft. Moultrie, SC January 19 NV Suriname Bank established Union occupies Fort Anderson, NC January 25 CSS Shenandoah arrives in Melbourne, Australia January 28 President Jefferson Davis names 3 peace commissioners January 31 Congress passes 13th Amendment, abolishing slavery in America (121-24) General Robert E Lee named Commander-in-Chief of Confederate Armies February 1 13th amendment approved (National Freedom Day) General Sherman's march through South Carolina begins J. S. Rock, 1st black lawyer to practice in Supreme Court, admitted to bar February 3 Hampton Roads Peace Conference, Lincoln and Stephens reach an impasse February 4 Hawaiian Board of Education formed Robert E. Lee is named commander-in-chief of Confederate Army February 5 Battle of Hatcher's Run, Virginia (Armstrong's Mill, Dabney's Mill) February 6 2nd day of battle at Dabney's Mills (Hatcher's Run) Robert E. Lee appointed Confederate General in Chief February 8 1st black major in U.S. Army, Martin Robinson Delany February 12 Henry Highland Garnet, is 1st black to speak in U.S. House of Reps February 17 Battle of Charleston South Carolina Columbia South Carolina burns down during Civil War February 18 Battle of Ft. Moultrie, South Carolina occupied by Federals Evacuation of Charleston, South Carolina; Sherman's troops burn city Union troops force Confederates to abandon Ft. Anderson, North Carolina February 20 MIT forms 1st U.S. collegiate architectural school February 22 Battle of Wilmington, North Carolina (Fort Anderson) occupied by Federals Tennessee adopts a new constitution abolishing slavery February 27 Civil War skirmish near Sturgeon, Missouri March 2 British newspaper "Morning Chronicle" begins publishing Freedman's Bureau founded for Black Education, 1865 General Early's army is defeated at Waynesborough March 3 Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands established Freedmen's Bureau is created to help destitute free blacks March 4 Confederate congress approves final design of "official flag" President Lincoln inaugurated for his 2nd term as president March 6 Battle of Natural Bridge, Florida President Lincolns 2nd Inaugural Ball March 7 Battles round Kinston North Carolina March 8 Battle of Kingston, North Carolina (Wilcox's ridge, Wise's Forks) March 10 Battle of Monroe's Crossroads, North Carolina March 11 General Sherman's Union forces occupies Fayetteville, North Carolina March 12 Affair near Lone Jack, Missouri March 13 U.S. Confederate Congress calls on black slaves for field service March 16 Battle of Averasboro North Carolina (1,500 casualities) March 18 Battle of Wilson's raid to Selma, Alabama Congress of Confederate States of American adjourns for last time March 19 Battle of Bentonville-Confederates retreat from Greenville NC March 20 2nd day of Battle of Bentonville North Carolina Michigan authorizes workers' cooperatives March 21 Battle of Bentonville ends, last Confederate effort to stop Sherman March 22 Raid at Wilson's: Chickaswas, Alabama to Macon, Georgia March 23 General Sherman/Cox' troops reach Goldsboro North Carolina March 25 Battle of Bluff Spring, Florida Battle of Fort Stedman, Virginia - in front of Petersburg Battle of Mobile, Alabama (Spanish Fort, Fort Morgan, Fort Blakely) SS General Lyon at Cape Hatteras catches fire and sinks, killing 400 March 27 Siege of Spanish Fort, AL-captured by Federals March 29 Battle of Quaker Road, VA March 30 Battle at 5 Forks Virginia March 31 Battle of Boydton, Virginia (White Oaks Roads, Dinwiddie C H) General Pickette moves to 5 Forks, abandoning the defense of Peterburg April 1 Battle of 5 Forks Virginia, signalling end of Lee's army April 2 Battle of Ft. Blakely AL and Selma AL Battle of Petersburg, Virginia (Ft. Gregg, Sutherland's Station) CSA President Jefferson Davis flees Confederate capital of Richmond, Virginia April 3 Battle at Namozine Church, Virginia (Appomattox Campaign) Union forces occupy Confederate capital of Richmond Virginia and Petersberg April 4 Lee's army arrives at Amelia Courthouse April 5 Battle at Amelia Springs/Jetersville Virginia (Appomattox Campaign) April 6 Battle of Sayler's Creek, 1/3rd of Lee's army cut off April 7 Battle of Farmville, Virginia April 9 Federals capture Ft. Blakely, Alabama Robert E. Lee and 26,765 troops, surrender to U.S. Grant at Appomattox April 10 At Appomattox, General Lee issues General Order #9, his last April 11 Battle of Mobile, Alabama - evacuated by Confederates Lincoln urges a spirit of generous conciliation during reconstruction April 13 Battle of Raleigh, North Carolina Sherman's march through Georgia begins April 14 Mobile, Alabama is captured President Abraham Lincoln shot in Ford's Theater by John Wilkes Booth April 15 Otto von Bismarck elevated to earl April 16 Battle of Columbus and West Point, Georgia (Ft. Tyler) April 17 Mary Surratt is arrested as a conspirator in Lincoln's assassination April 18 Confederate General Johnson surrendered to General Sherman in North Carolina April 20 Chicago's Crosby Opera House opens April 21 Abraham Lincoln's funeral train leaves Washington April 24 Fire alarm and police telegraph system put into operation in San Francisco April 26 Battle of Durham Station, North Carolina (Greensboro) Battle of Ft. Tobacco, Virginia Confederate General J E Johnston surrenders Army of Tennessee, at Durham North Carolina April 27 Cornell University in Ithaca,New York is chartered Steamboat "Sultana" explodes in Mississippi River, kills up to 1,547. 1450 of 2000 paroled Union POWs on their way home are killed when river steamer "Sultana" blows up April 28 Giacomo Meyerbeer's opera "L'Africaine," premieres in Paris Opera "L'Africaine" is produced (Paris) April 30 General Shermans "Haines's Bluff" at Snyder's Mill, Virginia May 2 President Johnson offers $100,000 reward for capture of Jefferson Davis May 4 Battle of Citronville, Alabama; Richard Taylor surrenders Battle of Mobile, Alabama May 5 1st U.S. train robbery (North Bend Ohio) May 10 Jefferson Davis captured at Irwinsville, Georgia Surrender of Sam Jones May 12 Last land action of Civil war at Palmito Ranch, Texas May 13 S Brownsville, Texas (Palmito Ranch) Final engagement of Civil War PVT John J Williams of 34th Indiana is last man killed May 19 President Jefferson Davis is captured by Union Cavalry in Georgia May 23 Flag flown at full staff over White House, 1st time since Lincoln shot Grand Review begins in Washington D.C. May 26 Battle of Galveston, Texas, surrender of Edmund Kirby Smith June 2 At Galveston, Kirby-Smith surrenders Trans-Mississippi Dept June 8 Tristanderl und Zusholde, premieres June 9 Battle of Grand Gulf, Mississippi June 10 Wagner's "Tristan und Isolde" 1st performance Munich Germany June 13 President Johnson proclaims reconstruction confederate states June 19 Siege of Richmond, Virginia Union General Granger declares slaves are free in Texas June 22 1st class cricket debut of Dr. W. G. Grace June 23 At Ft. Towson, General Stand Watie surrenders last sizeable Confederate army June 30 8 alleged conspirators in assassination of Lincoln are found guilty July 2 William Booth founds Salvation Army (Army of the Salvation) July 4 1st edition of "Alice in Wonderland" is published July 5 Great Britain delegate's world 1st maximum speed laws Secret Service began operating under the Treasury Department July 13 Horace Greeley advises his readers to "Go west young man" P. T. Barnum's museum burns down July 14 1st ascent of Matterhorn Whymper, Hudson, Croz, Douglas and Hadow 1st to climb Matterhorn July 22 V E Walker takes 10-104 in an innings for Middlesex vs. Lancs July 26 Patrick Francis Healy is 1st black awarded PhD (Louvain Belgium) July 30 Pope Pius IX visits Suriname August 2 Lewis Carroll publishes "Alice's Adventures in Wonderland" Trans Atlantic Cable being laid by SS Great Eastern snaps and is lost August 20 President Johnson proclaims an end to "insurrection" in Tx September 3 Army commander in South Carolina orders Freedmen's Bureau to stop seizing land September 19 Atlanta University forms September 24 James Cooke walks tightrope from Cliff House to Seal Rocks, SF October 8 Earthquake in Santa Cruz Mountains October 9 1st U.S. underground pipeline for carrying oil is laid in Pennsylvania October 10 John Hyatts patents billard ball October 11 President Johnson paroles CSA Vice President Alexander Stephens October 14 Cheyennes and Arapaho's sign "peaces treaty" then chased out Colorado November 1 Zutphen-Fishing Dutch railway opens November 6 Maastricht-Venlo railway in Netherlands opens November 7 London Gazette, oldest surviving journal, is founded November 11 Mary Edward Walker, 1st Army female surgeon, awarded Medal of Honor Thomas Robertsons "Society," premieres in London November 13 1st U.S. gold certificates issued PT Barnum's New American museum opens in Bridgeport U.S. issues 1st gold certificates November 18 Mark Twain publishes "Celebrated Jumping Frog of Calaveras County" November 20 Howard University forms in Washington D.C. November 21 Shaw University forms in Raleigh NC November 26 "Alice in Wonderland" by Lewis Carroll published in US December 6 13th Amendment is ratified, abolishing slavery December 17 Franz Schubert's "Unvolendete" Symphony," premieres December 18 13th Amendment ratified, slavery abolished 1st U.S. cattle importation law passed December 20 De Clear-Alkmaar railway opens December 24 Several Confederate veterans form Ku Klux Klan in Pulaski, Tn December 26 James H Mason (Mass) patents 1st U.S. coffee percolator
