2012 Event Noam Chomsky, a Jewish-American philosopher, linguist and human rights activist, visits Gaza for the first time, attending a seminar with Gazan thinkers and intellectuals 2005 Death Paul Ricoeur, French Philosopher 2003 Death Georg Henrik von Wright, Finnish Philosopher 2002 Death Norman O. Brown, American Philosopher 2002 Death Robert Nozick, American Philosopher 1998 Death Kerry Thornley, American Philosopher 1998 Death Nelson Goodman, American Philosopher 1997 Death Owen Barfield, philosopher of language, dies at 99 1997 Death George Armin Goyder, businessman and social philosopher, dies at 88 1996 Death Sigmund Koch, psychologist/philosopher, dies at 79 1996 Death Jose Maria Valverde, philosopher poet/translator, dies at 70 1996 Death Jose Luis Lopez Aranguren, philosopher, dies at 86 1996 Death Hans Blumenberg, philosopher, dies at 75 1995 Death Emmanuel Levinas, philosopher, dies at 89 1995 Death Gillian Rose, philosopher and writer, dies at 48 1995 Death Gilles Deleuze, philosopher, dies at 70 1994 Death Ivan Svitak, philosopher, dies at 69 1994 Death Sarah Kofman, philosopher, dies at 60 1994 Death Andreas van Melsen, philosopher (Evolution and Wosbegeerte), dies at 81 1994 Death Karl R Popper, philosopher (Poverty of Historianism), dies at 92 1994 Death Karl Popper, Austrian Philosopher 1994 Death Robert Jungk, German/French/Us/Austrian philosopher/historian, dies 1994 Death Donald McKenzie MacKinnon, philosopher, dies at 80 1994 Death Leopold "Hans" Kohr, Austria social philosopher/economist, dies at 84 1994 Death Leopold "Hans" Kohr, Austrian social philosopher, dies at 84 1993 Death Kenneth Burke, philosopher, literary theorist, Agnostic, awarded Guggenheim Fellowship 1935, music critic for 'The Nation', editor, 'The Dial' literary magazine, attended Columbia University, dies of heart failure at his home in Andover, New Jersey 1993 Death Wim van Dooren, theologist/humanist/philosopher, dies 1993 Death Zaki Naguib Mahmoud, Egyptian philosopher/author/diplomat, dies at 88 1993 Death Bernard Delfgaauw, philosopher (Johnson murderer!), dies at 80 1993 Death Henry Hazlitt, American Philosopher 1992 Death Vernon Howard, spiritual teacher, speaker, philosopher, author, wrote humor books, children's books, spoke and wrote about self-development, self-awareness, spiritual, psychological growth, dies 1991 Death Oswald von Nell-Breuning, German theologist/philosopher, dies at 101 1990 Death Michael Oakeshott, English Philosopher 1990 Death Nistani Keiji, philosopher, dies in Kyoto Japan 1990 Death Louis Althusser, French philosopher, dies 1990 Death Manly Hall, Canadian Philosopher 1990 Death Norbert Elias, German/English/Netherlands philosopher/sociologist, dies 1989 Death Alfred J Ayer, English philosopher (Logical Positivism), dies 1987 Death James Burnham, philosopher (Coming Defeat of Communism), dies at 81 1986 Death Jiddu Krishnamurti, Indian philosopher (Kingdom Happiness), dies at 90 1985 Death Albert Dondeyne, Belgian philosopher/theologist, dies at 83 1983 Death R Buckminster Fuller, inventor/philosopher, dies in LA at 87 1981 Death Paul Brunton, British Philosopher 1980 Death Marshall McLuhan, Canadian cultural philosopher, dies at 69 1979 Death Herbert Marcuse, philosopher (Eros and Civilization), dies at 81 1978 Death Emile de Strijker, Belgian philosopher, dies at 70 1977 Event Marxist philosopher Rudolf Bahro imprisoned in East Germany 1977 Death Emil Bloch, German philosopher (Principle Hope, Traces), dies at 92 1977 Death Jan Patocka, Czechoslovakian philosopher, dies in prison 1977 Death Herman Dooyeweerd, Dutch philosopher/lawyer, dies at 82 1976 Death Martin Heidegger, German philosopher (Holzweg), dies at 86 1976 Death Oscar Espla, Spanish philosopher/composer (Sonata del Sur), dies at 89 1973 Death Alan Watts, writer, speaker, and philosopher, 'The Spirit of Zen' and 'The Art of Contemplation', died of heart failure at the age of 58 1973 Death Leo Strauss, German Philosopher 1973 Death Ludwig von Mises, Austrian economist and philosopher dies 1973 Death Max Horkheimer, German philosopher/sociologist, dies at 78 1971 Death Ferdinand LR Sassen, priest/philosopher (Descartes), dies at 77 1971 Death Ludwig Marcuse, German philosopher, dies at 77 1971 Death Gyorgy Lukacs, Hungarian philosopher, dies at 86 1970 Death Lucien Goldmann, Romanian/French sociologist/philosopher, dies 1970 Death Rudolph Carnap, German philosopher/mathematician, dies at 79 1970 Death Roman Ingarden, Polish philosopher (Studia philosophica), dies at 77 1970 Death Bertrand Russell, philosopher, British MP, dies in Merioneth at 97 1969 Death Theodor Adorno, German philosopher/sociologist, dies at 65 1969 Death Rudolf Pannwitz, German author/philosopher (Urblik), dies at 87 1969 Death Karl Jaspers, German psychiatrist/philosopher, dies at 86 1965 Death Martin Buber, German/Israel philosopher/zionist/theologist, dies at 87 1965 Death Heinrich Barth, Swiss philosopher (Das Sein in der Zeit), dies 1965 Death William H Kilpatrick, U.S. mathematician/philosopher, dies at 93 1964 Death Alexander Meiklejohn, English Philosopher 1964 Event French philosopher/author Jean-Paul Sartre refuses Nobel prize 1964 Birthday Ian Hart, born in Liverpool, England, actor, theater, television, film roles include, 'Michael Collins', 'Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone' 1962 Death Gaston Bachelard, French philosopher (Water and Dreams), dies at 78 1962 Death Hu Shih, Chinese Philosopher 1961 Death Lucian Blaga, philosopher/poet (Transcendental censor), dies at 65 1961 Death Maurice [Jean Jacques] Merleau-Ponty, French philosopher, dies at 53 1960 Death J. L. Austin, English Philosopher 1959 Death Alfred Schutz, Austrian/US architect/philosopher, dies at 60 1958 Death Lion Feuchtwanger, Germ/US philosopher (Judische Krieg), dies at 74 1958 Death Lion Feuchtwanger, philosopher and writer (Der falsche Nero), dies at 74 1958 Death George Edward Moore, English Philosopher 1958 Death Florian Znaniecki, Polish/US sociologist/philosopher, dies at 76 1956 Death Ludwig Klages, German philosopher (Study of Graves), dies at 83 1956 Death Ludwig Klages, German philosopher/graphologist, dies at 83 1956 Death Julien Benda, French philosopher and writer (La trahison des clercs), dies 1956 Birthday Judith Butler, born in Cleveland, Ohio, philosopher, professor, U of C, Berkeley, specialty, post-structuralism, Ph. D. Yale University, areas of study include feminist theory, Jewish philosophy, ethics, sexuality, developed idea of sex and gender as social construction 1956 Death Gerrit Mannoury, mathematician/philosopher, dies at 88 1955 Death Jose Ortega y Gasset, Spanish philosopher, dies at 72 1955 Death Joachim Wach, philosopher/sociologist (Sociology of Religion), dies 1955 Death Eugen Herrigel, Zen philosopher/scholar, dies in Germany at 70 1955 Death Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, French Philosopher 1955 Death Teilhard de Chardin, French Philosopher 1954 Death F Henri Berr, French occurence philosopher (L'hymne la vie), dies 1954 Death Eugenio d' Ors y Rovira, Spanish essayist/philosopher, dies at 71 1954 Death William R Inge, English theologist/philosopher, dies at 93 1952 Death Benedetto Croce, Italian philosopher (La Critica), dies at 86 1952 Death George Santayana, U.S. philosopher/poet (Last Puritan), dies at 88 1952 Death John Dewey, U.S. philosopher (Common Faith), dies at 92 1951 Death Philipp A Kohnstamm, Dutch philosopher/physicist, dies at 76 1951 Death Alain, Emile-Auguste Chartier, French philosopher, dies at 83 1951 Death Ludwig J J Wittgenstein, Austria/English philosopher, dies at 62 1951 Death Ludwig Wittgenstein, Austrian Philosopher 1950 Death Sri Aurobindo, Indian Philosopher 1950 Death Ramana Maharshi, Indian Philosopher 1949 Death P-M-B Maurice Maeterlinck, Belgian philosopher (Nobel 1911), dies at 86 1949 Death Leonard Bloomfield, linguist/philosopher, dies 1949 Birthday Ken Wilber, American Philosopher 1948 Death Nikolai Berdyaev, Russian Philosopher 1947 Birthday Gillian Rose, philosopher and writer 1947 Death Morris Raphael Cohen, Russian Philosopher 1947 Death Jonas Cohn, German/English philosopher (Wertwissenschaft), dies at 77 1946 Death Herman Harrell Horne, philosopher (idealism) 1946 Death Hermann Keyserling, count/philosopher (Unsterblichkeit), dies at 65 1945 Death Otto Neurath, Austrian/British philosopher, dies at 63 1945 Death Albert J. Nock, American Philosopher 1945 Death Paul Valery, philosopher, writer, poet, elected to Academie francaise, 1925, founder, the College International de Cannes, 1931, dies at 73 1945 Death Nishida Kitaro, scholar/philosopher/Zen practitioner, dies at 74 1945 Death Theodor Haecker, German cultural philosopher (Mensch?), dies at 65 1944 Birthday Roger Scruton, philosopher 1943 Death Simone Weil, French philosopher (Le pesanteur et la grace), dies at 34 1943 Death Kurt Huber, German philosopher/resistance fighter, dies at 50 1943 Death Robin G Collingwood, English philosopher (Roman Britain), dies at 53 1942 Death Edith Stein, German philosopher, dies 1942 Death Titus, Anno S, Brandsma, philosopher (Dachau), dies 1942 Birthday Daniel Dennett, born in Boston, Massachusetts, philosopher, atheist, focus of study includes philosophy of biology, philosophy of mind, philosophy of science, relative to cognitive science and evolutionary biology 1941 Death Leonard "Leo" Polak, Dutch philosopher, dies in Sachsenhausen at 61 1941 Death Radindranath Tagore, Indian philosopher/poet/writer, dies at 80 1941 Death Henri Bergson, French philosopher (Le Rire, Nobel 1928), dies at 81 1938 Birthday Robert Nozick, American Philosopher 1938 Death Samuel Alexander, English philosopher (Space, time and deity), dies at 79 1938 Death Edmund Husserl, German philosopher (study of phenomenon), dies at 79 1938 Birthday Kerry Thornley, American Philosopher 1938 Death Louis William Stern, German/US philosopher/psychologist, dies at 66 1937 Death Tomas G. Masaryk, philosopher/president of Czechoslovakian 1918 - 1935, dies at 87 1937 Death Ferdinand CS Schiller, British philosopher (Mind!), dies at 72 1937 Birthday Thomas Nagel, Yugoslavian Philosopher 1937 Death Antonio Gramsci, Italian philosopher/marxist theorist, dies at 46 1937 Death Nathan Birnbaum, Austria philosopher (Zionism), dies at about 72 1937 Birthday Alain Badiou, born in Rabat, Morocco, influential French philosopher, chair, subscribes to an anti-postmodern form of continental philosophy 1936 Death Miguel de Unamuno Jugo, Span philosopher/poet (Cancionero), dies at 72 1936 Birthday Margaret Boden, philosopher 1936 Death Oswald Spengler, German philosopher (Underworld of Abendlandes), dies 1936 Birthday Ian Hacking, born in Vancouver, British Columbia, analytic philosopher, wrote, 'The Emergence of Probability', brings historical approach to the philosophy of science, won Canda's Killam Prize for the Humanities in 2002 1935 Birthday Dallas Willard, American Philosopher 1934 Birthday Sarah Kofman, philosopher 1933 Death Hans Vaihinger, German philosopher (Side-Studies), dies at 81 1933 Birthday Michael Novak, American Philosopher 1933 Birthday Susan Sontag, born in New York City, Susan Rosenblatt, New York, writer, author, filmmaker, philosopher, political activist, 'Against Interpretation' established reputation as 'the Dark Lady of American Letters' 1932 Birthday John Searle, American Philosopher 1931 Birthday Richard Rorty, born in New York City, philosopher, focused on philosophy of language, of mind, politics, literary theory 1931 Birthday Sri Chinmoy, Indian Philosopher 1931 Death George H. Mead, American Philosopher 1931 Death George Herbert Mead, American Philosopher 1930 Birthday Jacques Derrida, French Philosopher 1929 Death Max Ettlinger, German philosopher/theorist, dies at 52 1929 Birthday Jean Baudrillard, born in France, cultural theorist, philosopher, photographer, known for his concept of hyper-reality 1929 Birthday Jurgen Habermas, German Philosopher 1928 Birthday Robert M. Pirsig, American Philosopher 1928 Death Max Scheler, German philosopher, dies at 53 1927 Death Leonard Nelson, Germany philosopher (Nelson-Friessche Schule), dies at 45 1927 Birthday Leszek Kolakowski, Polish philosopher, Conversations with the Devil 1927 Death Brooks Adams, U.S. philosopher (New Empire), dies at 78 1926 Birthday Michel Foucault, French philosopher, History of Sexuality 1926 Birthday Paul-Michel Foucault, French philosopher, Les Mots et les Choses 1926 Death Rudolf C Eucken, German philosopher (Nobel 1908), dies at 80 1926 Birthday Hilary Putnam, American Philosopher 1926 Birthday Jose Maria Valverde, philosopher poet/translator 1926 Death Desire J Mercier, Belgian philosopher/cardinal, dies at 74 1925 Birthday Paul Kurtz, American Philosopher 1925 Birthday Ivan Svitak, philosopher 1925 Death Rudolf Steiner, Austrian philosopher (anthroposophy), dies at 64 1925 Birthday Gilles Deleuze, philosopher 1924 Death Francis Herbert Bradley, British philosopher (neo-idealism), dies 1924 Death F. H. Bradley, British Philosopher 1924 Birthday William Gass, Fargo ND, novelist/philosopher, Omensetter's Luck 1923 Death Fritz Mauthner, German author/philosopher (skepticism), dies at 73 1923 Birthday Ernest Mandel, Belgian philosopher and economist 1923 Death John Venn, British Philosopher 1922 Death Paul Barth, German philosopher/sociologist, dies at 64 1922 Death Georges Sorel, French social philosopher, dies at 74 1922 Death Gerardus J P Bolland, Dutch philosopher (Bolland Society), dies at 67 1921 Death Benno Erdmann, German philosopher (Logik I), dies at 69 1920 Death Wilhelm Wundt, German physiologist/psychologist/philosopher, dies 1920 Birthday Hans Blumenberg, philosopher 1919 Birthday Peter Strawson, English philosopher 1919 Death Ernst Haeckel, German philosopher (Social Darwinism), dies at 85 1919 Death Johan A Der Mouw, Dutch philosopher/poet, dies at 56 1919 Death Paul Deusen, German philosopher/CEO (Schopenhauer-Gesellschaft), dies 1919 Death Jacob Verdam, philosopher, dies 1919 Death Vasili V Rozanov, Russian philosopher and writer, dies at 62 1918 Birthday Louis Althusser, French philosopher, For Marx, Strangled His Wife 1918 Birthday Vernon Howard, born in Haverhill, Massachusetts, spiritual teacher, speaker, philosopher, author, wrote humor books, children's books, spoke and wrote about self-development, self-awareness, spiritual, psychological growth 1916 Death Josiah Royce, U.S. philosopher (Conception of Immortality), dies 1916 Birthday Georg Henrik von Wright, Finnish Philosopher 1916 Death Ernst Mach, Austrian physicist/philosopher/psychologist, dies at 78 1915 Birthday Alan Watts, born in Kent, England, writer, speaker, and philosopher, 'The Spirit of Zen' and 'The Art of Contemplation' 1914 Death Charles Peguy, French Philosopher 1914 Death Charles Pierce, philosopher/scientist, dies 1913 Birthday Donald McKenzie MacKinnon, philosopher 1913 Birthday Lucien Goldmann, Romania/French sociologist/philosopher, Le dieu cache 1913 Birthday Roger Garaudy, French philosopher 1913 Birthday Paul Ricoeur, French Philosopher 1912 Birthday Bernard Delfgaauw, Dutch philosopher, Johnson murderer! 1912 Birthday Carl F von Weiszacker, German physicist/philosopher 1912 Death Otto Liebmann, German philosopher (Kant and Epigones), dies at 71 1911 Death Wilhelm Dilthey, Germ philosopher (Das Leben Schleiermans), dies at 77 1911 Birthday Reginald Victor Jones, CH, FRS natural philosopher 1911 Birthday Alphonse de Waelhens, Flemish philosopher, Psychosis 1911 Birthday J. L. Austin, English Philosopher 1910 Birthday Alfred J Ayer, England, Neopositivist philosopher/logician 1910 Death William James, American Philosopher 1910 Birthday Jurgen Rausch, German philosopher/author, End of the Playboys 1909 Birthday Jose Luis Lopez Aranguren, philosopher 1909 Birthday Isaiah Berlin, philosopher 1909 Birthday Mohammad Khatami, Iranian Philosopher 1909 Birthday Leonard Peikoff, Canadian Philosopher 1909 Birthday Max Black, Dutch/British/U.S. philosopher, analytical philosophy 1909 Birthday Simone Weil, born in Paris, social philosopher/Resistance fighter, WW II 1908 Birthday Evert W. Beth, Dutch mathematician/philosopher 1908 Birthday George Armin Goyder, businessman/social philosopher 1908 Birthday Maurice, Jean Jacques, Merleau-Ponty, French philosopher 1907 Birthday Emile de Strijker, Belgian philosopher 1906 Birthday Nelson Goodman, American Philosopher 1905 Birthday Emmanuel Levinas, philosopher 1905 Birthday Eugen Fink, German philosopher 1905 Birthday James Burnham, philosopher, Coming Defeat of Communism 1905 Birthday Carl Gustav Hempel, German Logical Positivist philosopher 1904 Death Gustav Ratzenhofer, Austria sociologist/philosopher, dies at 62 1904 Birthday Dorothy Emmet, philosopher 1904 Birthday Rudolf Arnheim, born in Berlin, German-born author, art and film theorist, philosopher, psychologist 1903 Death Herbert Spencer, British engineer/philosopher, dies at 83 1903 Death Otto Weininger, Austrian Philosopher 1903 Death Alexander Bain, Scottish Philosopher 1903 Birthday Theodor Adorno, German philosopher/sociologist 1903 Death Charles Renouvier, French philosopher (neo criticism), dies 1902 Birthday Mortimer Adler, American Philosopher 1902 Birthday Sidney Hook, anticommunist philosopher, Paradoxes of Freedom 1902 Birthday Karl Raimund Popper, Austrian/British philosopher, Logic of Forschung 1902 Birthday Karl Popper, Austrian Philosopher 1902 Death Robert Adamson, born in Edinburgh, Scotland, philosopher, professor, served as chair of logic at University of Glasgow 1893 - 1902, important lectures published in 'The Development of Modern Philosophy and Other Essays', dies 1901 Birthday Michael Oakeshott, English Philosopher 1901 Death John Fiske, Edmund Fisk Green, U.S. historian/philosopher, dies 1901 Birthday Albert Dondeyne, Belgian philosopher/theologist 1901 Birthday Manly Hall, Canadian Philosopher 1901 Birthday Eric Voegelin, Germany, U.S. philosopher, Order and History 1900 Death Henry Sidgwick, English philosopher (Women on University), dies 1900 Death Friedrich Nietschze, philosopher (Also sprach Zarathustra), dies at 55 1900 Death Friedrich Nietzsche, German Philosopher 1900 Birthday Hans-Georg Gadamer, German philosopher 1900 Death James Martineau, English Philosopher 1899 Birthday Leo Strauss, German Philosopher 1899 Birthday Alfred Schutz, Austrian/US architect/philosopher 1899 Birthday John Randall, Jr., Michigan, historian/philosopher, Western Man 1898 Birthday Owen Barfield, philosopher of language 1898 Birthday Herbert Marcuse, Berlin, communist philosopher, Eros and Civilization 1898 Birthday Hendrik J Pos, Dutch philosopher/CEO, Committee of Watchfulness 1898 Birthday Joachim Wach, German/US philosopher/sociologist, Understanding 1897 Birthday Norbert Elias, English/Dutch philosopher, Process of Civilization 1897 Birthday Kenneth Burke, born in America, philosopher, literary theorist, Agnostic, awarded Guggenheim Fellowship 1935, music critic for 'The Nation', editor, 'The Dial' literary magazine, attended Columbia University 1896 Death Allard Pierson, theologist/philosopher/art historian/poet, dies 1895 Birthday Susanne Langer, U.S., philosopher/educator, Philosophy in a New Key 1895 Birthday Jiddu Krishnamurti, India, philosopher, Songs of Life 1895 Birthday Jiddu Krishnamurti, India, philosopher, Songs of Life 1895 Birthday Lucian Blaga, Romaniams philosopher/poet, Dogmatic Aeon 1895 Birthday Ernest Junger, German philosopher, Anschwellender Bocksgesang 1895 Birthday Max Horkheimer, German philosopher/sociologist, Studies in prejudice 1894 Birthday Henry Hazlitt, American Philosopher 1894 Birthday Herman Dooyeweerd, Dutch philosopher/lawyer 1894 Birthday Ferdinand Sassen, Dutch philosopher/director 1894 Birthday Ludwig Marcuse, German philosopher 1893 Death Hippolyte Taine, French philosopher/historian, dies at 64 1893 Birthday Roman Ingarden, Polish philosopher, Studia philosophica 1892 Birthday Kurt Huber, German philosopher/resistance fighter 1892 Death Ernest Renan, French Philosopher 1891 Birthday Hu Shih, Chinese Philosopher 1891 Birthday Dirk Vollenhoven, Dutch composer/philosopher 1891 Birthday Edith Stein, German philosopher 1891 Birthday Rudolf Carnap, philosopher, German Logical Positivist 1891 Birthday Antonio Gramsci, Italian philosopher/marxist theorist 1890 Birthday Ferdinand Gonseth, Swiss mathematician/philosopher 1890 Birthday Eino Kaila, Finnish psychologist/philosopher 1890 Birthday Oswald von Nell-Breuning, German theologist/philosopher 1890 Birthday Heinrich Barth, Swiss philosopher, Problem des Bosen 1890 Death Francis Bowen, American Philosopher 1889 Birthday Honore-Gabriel Marcel, French philosopher/playwright 1889 Birthday Margriet M C Baers, Flemish philosopher 1889 Birthday Ludwig Wittgenstein, born in Austria, philosopher, Tractatus 1889 Birthday Robin G Collingwood, English philosopher, Roman Britain 1889 Birthday Robin G. Collingwood, English Philosopher 1888 Birthday Sarvepalli Radhakrishan, president, India, philosopher 1888 Birthday Jean Wahl, French philosopher 1887 Death Friedrich T Vischer, German philosopher and writer (Auch einer), dies 1887 Birthday Julian S Huxley, London, biologist/philosopher, Darwin's Bulldog 1887 Death Lysander Spooner, American Philosopher 1886 Birthday Alain L Lovke, philosopher 1886 Death Swami Ramakrishna, Indies philosopher, dies at 50 1885 Birthday Emil Bloch, German philosopher 1885 Birthday Gyorgy Lukacs, Hungarian philosopher, Zerstorung der Vernunft 1885 Birthday Eugen Herrigel, Germany, philosopher/early pioneer of Zen in Europe 1884 Birthday Lion Feuchtwanger, German philosopher and writer, Jud Suss 1884 Birthday Gaston Bachelard, French philosopher, La psychanalyse du feu 1883 Death Karl Marx, German philosopher (Communist Manifesto), dies at 64 1883 Birthday Karl Jaspers, Oldenburg Germany, existentialist philosopher 1882 Birthday Otto Neurath, Australian/British philosopher, Foundation of Social Sciences 1882 Birthday Jacques Maritain, France, Catholic philosopher, exponent of St. Thomas 1882 Birthday Eugenio d' Ors y Rovira, Barcelona Spain, essayist/philosopher 1882 Birthday Leonard Nelson, German philosopher, Democracy und Fuhrerschaft 1882 Birthday Jose Vasconcelos, Oaxaca Mexico, politician/essayist/philosopher 1881 Death Julius FA Bahnsen, Germany philosopher (Tragic as Weltgesetz), dies at 51 1881 Birthday Ludwig von Mises, Austrian economist and philosopher 1881 Birthday Pierre Teilhard de Chardin, France, philosopher/paleontologist 1881 Birthday Teilhard de Chardin, French Philosopher 1881 Birthday Titus Brandsma, Dutch philosopher 1880 Birthday Morris Raphael Cohen, Russian Philosopher 1880 Birthday Hermann earl Keyserling, German philosopher and writer 1880 Birthday Oswald Spengler, Germany, philosopher, Decline of West 1880 Birthday Otto Weininger, Austrian Philosopher 1879 Birthday Sri Ramana Maharshi, Hindu philosopher/yogi, Maharshi Research Inst 1879 Birthday Ramana Maharshi, Indian Philosopher 1879 Birthday Theodor Haecker, German cultural philosopher, ist der Mensch? 1879 Birthday Agnes Arber, English biologist/philosopher, Mind and the Eye 1878 Birthday Martin Buber, German/Israeli philosopher/theologist, Ich und Du 1877 Birthday Allama Iqbal, Pakistani poet/philosopher 1877 Birthday Max Ettlinger, German philosopher 1875 Death Friedrich A Lange, philosopher/socialist (Neo-Kantianism), dies at 67 1875 Death Chauncey Wright, American Philosopher 1875 Birthday Philipp A. Kohnstamm, philosopher/theorist, Mensch and World 1874 Birthday Herman Harrell Horne, Clayton, North Carolina, philosopher, idealism 1874 Birthday Max Scheler, German philosopher, Vom Umsturz der Werte 1874 Birthday Ernst Cassirer, Germany, philosopher/educator, Essay on Man 1874 Birthday Nikolai Berdyaev, Russian Philosopher 1873 Birthday G E Moore, English philosopher, Ethics 1873 Birthday George Edward Moore, English Philosopher 1873 Birthday Albert J. Nock, American Philosopher 1873 Death John Stuart Mill, great Empiricist philosopher, dies at 66 1873 Birthday Muhammad Iqbal, Dutch East Indies lawyer/poet/philosopher 1873 Birthday Charles Peguy, French Philosopher 1872 Birthday Ludwig Klages, German philosopher, study of graves 1872 Death Ludwig A Feuerbach, German philosopher (Man what he eats), dies at 68 1872 Birthday Sri Aurobindo, Indian Philosopher 1872 Birthday Bertrand Russell, England, mathematician/philosopher, Nobel 1950 1872 Birthday Alexander Meiklejohn, English Philosopher 1871 Birthday William H Kilpatrick, U.S. mathematician/philosopher/educator 1871 Birthday Paul Valery, born in France, philosopher, writer, poet, elected to Academie francaise, 1925, founder, the College International de Cannes, 1931 1871 Birthday Louis William Stern, German/US philosopher, Intelligence of Children 1869 Birthday Jonas Cohn, German/English philosopher, Theory of the Dialects 1869 Death Carl G Carus, German arts/psychologist/philosopher, dies 1868 Birthday Alain, Emile-Auguste Chartier, French philosopher and writer 1867 Birthday Julien Benda, French philosopher and writer, Dialogues Byzance 1867 Birthday Gerrit Mannoury, Dutch mathematician/philosopher 1867 Birthday August W. Messer, German philosopher/educator/psychologist 1867 Death Victor Cousin, French Philosopher 1867 Death Victor Cousin, French philosopher/minister of Education, dies at 74 1866 Birthday Vyacheslav I Ivanov, Russian philosopher/classical/poet 1866 Birthday Benedetto Croce, Italy, humanist/historian/editor/philosopher 1866 Birthday Vyacheslav I Ivanov, Russian philosopher/classical/poet 1864 Birthday Miguel de Unamuno Jugo, Bilbao Spain, philosopher, Ensayos, Teatro 1864 Birthday Ferdinand C S Schiller, British philosopher, Riddles of the Sphinx 1863 Birthday George Santayana, born in Spain, philosopher/poet/humanist, Last Puritan 1863 Birthday George H. Mead, American Philosopher 1863 Birthday George Herbert Mead, American Philosopher 1863 Birthday F Henri Berz, French existensialist philosopher, Revue the Synthesis 1862 Birthday Johan A de Sleeve, Adwaita, philosopher/classical/poet, Brahman 1861 Birthday Pierre M M Duhem, French naturalist/philosopher/historian 1861 Birthday Alfred North Whitehead, English mathematician/philosopher, Adv of Ideas 1860 Birthday Lucien Laberthonniere, French philosopher 1860 Death Arthur Schopenhauer, German Philosopher 1859 Birthday John Dewey, philosopher, educational theorist/writer, Learn by doing 1859 Birthday Henri Bergson, France, philosopher, Creative Evolution-Nobel 1927 1859 Birthday Edmund Husserl, born in Germany, philosopher, founded Phenomenology 1859 Birthday Samuel Alexander, English philosopher, Moral order and progress 1858 Birthday Paul Barth, German philosopher/sociologist 1858 Birthday Georg Simmel, German philosopher and sociologist 1857 Birthday Lucien Levy-Bruhl, philosopher 1856 Birthday Achad Ha'am, Asjer Ginsberg, Hebrew philosopher and writer 1856 Death Max Stirner, German Philosopher 1855 Death Soren A Kierkegaard, Danish philosopher/theologist, dies at 42 1855 Birthday Josiah Royce, U.S., philosopher, conception of God 1854 Death Friedrich WJ von Schelling, German philosopher, dies at 79 1854 Death Friedrich von Schelling, German Philosopher 1854 Birthday Gerardus J P J Bolland, Dutch philosopher, Bolland Society 1854 Birthday Henri Poincare, France, mathematician, astronomer, and philosopher 1852 Birthday Hans Vaihinger, German philosopher, Nietzsche Philosophy 1852 Birthday Robert Adamson, born in Edinburgh, Scotland, philosopher, professor, served as chair of logic at University of Glasgow 1893 - 1902, important lectures published in 'The Development of Modern Philosophy and Other Essays' 1851 Birthday Desire J Mercier, Belgian philosopher/cardinal 1850 Birthday Hermann Schell, German theologist/philosopher, Gott und Geist 1849 Birthday Fritz Mauthner, Bohemia, German author/philosopher, skepticism 1848 Birthday Brooks Adams, U.S. philosopher, Theory of Social Revolutions 1847 Birthday Annie Besant, Wood, England, philosopher, Esoteric christianity 1847 Death Pierre-Simon Ballanche, French philosopher/poet (Orphee), dies 1847 Birthday John Watson, Canada, philosopher, Objective Idealism 1846 Birthday Francis H Bradley, British philosopher, neo-idealism 1846 Birthday F. H. Bradley, British Philosopher 1846 Birthday Rudolf Christoph Eucken, Germany, Idealist philosopher, Nobel 1908 1845 Death John Kinker, translator/philosopher/poet, dies at 81 1845 Death Pierre P Royer-Collard, French attorney/philosopher, dies at 82 1845 Death Pierre P Royer-Collard, French philosopher/Council of 500, dies 1845 Birthday Paul Deusen, German philosopher, Schopenhauer-Gesellschaft 1844 Birthday Friedrich Nietzsche, born in Germany, philosopher 1843 Death Jakob F Fries, German philosopher, dies 1842 Birthday John Fiske, Edmund Fisk Green, U.S. historian and philosopher 1842 Birthday William James, U.S., psychologist/philosopher 1841 Death Johann F Herbart, German philosopher (General Padagogik), dies at 65 1841 Death Franz Xaver von Baader, German philosopher/theologist, dies at 76 1840 Birthday Otto Liebmann, German philosopher, Climax of Theories 1838 Birthday Henry Sidgwick, English philosopher, Wife at University 1838 Birthday Ernst Mach, Chirlitz-Turas Austria, physicist/philosopher/psychologist 1834 Birthday John Venn, British Philosopher 1834 Death Friedrich Schleiermacher, German theologist/philosopher, dies at 65 1833 Birthday Wilhelm Dilthey, German philosopher, Das Leben Schleiermans 1832 Birthday Wilhelm Wundt, German physiologist/psychologist/philosopher 1832 Death Jeremy Bentham, English Philosopher 1831 Death Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, German Philosopher 1831 Death Georg Hermes, German philosopher/theologist (Hermenianen), dies 1831 Birthday Allard Pierson, Dutch theologiost, philosopher, art historian and poet 1830 Birthday Chauncey Wright, American Philosopher 1830 Birthday Julius F A Bahnsen, German philosopher 1829 Death Friedrich von Schlegel, German cultural philosopher/poet, dies at 56 1828 Birthday Friedrich A Lange, Prussia, philosopher/socialist, Neo-Kantianism 1828 Death Dugald Stewart, Scottish philosopher (Scottish common sense), dies at 74 1828 Birthday Hippolyte Taine, French philosopher/historian, Voyage in Italy 1825 Death Paul van Hemert, Dutch theologist/philosopher (Kant), dies at 68 1824 Death John Taylor, philosopher (Jeffersonian Democracy), dies at 70 1823 Birthday Ernest Renan, French philosopher/historian/scholar of religion 1821 Birthday Henri Frederic Amiel, Swiss Philosopher 1820 Birthday Friedrich Engels, Germany, social philosopher; Marx's collaborator 1820 Birthday Freidrich Engels, German social philosopher 1820 Birthday Herbert Spencer, Derby England, Victorian philosopher, Social Statics 1818 Birthday Alexander Bain, Scottish Philosopher 1818 Birthday Karl Marx, philosopher, Communist Manifesto, Das Kapital 1815 Birthday Charles Renouvier, French philosopher, neocriticism 1814 Death Johann G Fichte, German philosopher (Wissenschaftslehre), dies at 51 1814 Death Johann Gottlieb Fichte, philosopher, dies 1813 Birthday Soren Kierkegaard, Denmark, philosopher, founded Existentialism 1811 Birthday Francis Bowen, American Philosopher 1808 Birthday Lysander Spooner, American Philosopher 1807 Death Johann N Tetens, German/Danish philosopher/mathematician, dies at 70 1807 Birthday Friedrich T Vischer, German philosopher and writer, Auch einer 1806 Birthday Max Stirner, Johann C Schmidt, German philosopher, Der Einzige 1806 Birthday John Stuart Mill, UK, philosopher/political economist/Utilitarian 1806 Birthday Earnest Freiherr von Feuchtersleben, Austria, physician/philosopher 1805 Birthday James Martineau, English Philosopher 1804 Birthday Ludwig A. Feuerbach, German philosopher, Man is what he eats 1804 Death Immanuel Kant, German philosopher (Zum ewigen Frieden), dies at 79 1804 Death Joseph Priestley, English / U.S0 theologist, philosopher. and chemist, dies at 70 1803 Death Johann G von Herder, German philosopher/theologist/poet, dies at 59 1803 Death James Beattie, Scottish poet/philosopher (Essay on Truth), dies at 67 1803 Birthday Ralph Waldo Emerson, U.S., essayist/philosopher, Concord Hymn 1802 Birthday Mark Hopkins, U.S., educator/philosopher, Williams College 1801 Birthday Antoine A. Cournot, French philosopher/mathematician, rule of Cournot 1801 Birthday Gustav T Fechner, Dr. Mises, German philosopher/physicist 1801 Death Novalis, philosopher of early German Romanticism, author, wrote 'Pollen, Faith and Love', 'Hymns to the Night', dies from tuberculosis in the Germany, at age 28 1801 Death Johann C Lavater, Swiss vicar/philosopher, dies at 59 1798 Birthday Auguste Comte, philosopher/founder, sociology and positivism 1797 Birthday Antonio Rosmini-Serbati, philosopher/founder, Institute of Charity 1794 Birthday William Whewell, British philosopher, History of Inductive Science 1794 Death Marquis de Condorcet (Marie Jean Antoine Nicholas de Caritat, marquis de Condorcet) , philosopher, mathematician, early political scientist and inventor of the Condorcet method, dies 1792 Birthday Victor Cousin, French philosopher/minister of Education 1790 Death Franciscus "Frans" Hemsterhuis, Frisian philosopher, dies at 68 1789 Birthday Carl G Carus, German physician/psychologist/philosopher 1788 Death Johann Georg Hamann, born in Konigsberg, now Kaliningrad, Russia, writer, philosopher, supported the Sturm und Drang movement, dies 1788 Birthday Arthur Schopenhauer, Germany, philosopher, Great Pessimist 1787 Death Ferdinando Galiani, Italian economist/philosopher/diplomat, dies at 58 1787 Death Jean SOME Allamand, French theologist/natural philosopher, dies at 73 1787 Death Ruggiero Boscovich, Italian physicist/astronomer/philosopher, dies at 75 1786 Death Mozes Mendelssohn, Jewish/German philosopher (Haksalah), dies at 56 1784 Death Denis Diderot, French writer/philosopher (Jacques le fataliste), dies 1783 Death Jean-Baptiste Le Rond d'Alembert, philosopher/mathematician, die at 66 1780 Death Etienne B de Condillac, French philosopher (sensualism), dies at 64 1778 Death Jean Jacques Rousseau, Swiss Philosopher 1776 Death David Hume, Scottish Philosopher 1776 Birthday Pierre-Simon Ballanche, French philosopher/poet, Prolegomenes 1776 Birthday Johann Friedrich Herbart, Germany, philosopher/psychologist 1775 Birthday Georg Hermes, German philosopher/theologist, Hermenianen 1775 Birthday Friedrich von Schelling, Germany, philosopher, Views on Christianity 1774 Death Abraham Tucker, British Philosopher 1773 Birthday Jakob F Fries, German philosopher 1773 Birthday James Mill, born in Scotland, philosopher and historian, History of British India 1772 Birthday Novalis, born in Oberwiederstedt, Germany, philosopher of early German Romanticism, author, wrote 'Pollen, Faith and Love', 'Hymns to the Night' 1770 Birthday Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel, German philosopher/inventor, dialectic 1768 Birthday Friedrich Schleiermacher, German theologist/philosopher 1768 Death Johan Lulofs, Dutch physicist/philosopher/astronomer, dies at 57 1766 Birthday Friedrich Bouterwek, German philosopher/critic 1765 Birthday Franz Xaver von Baader, German philosopher/theologist 1764 Birthday John Kinker, Dutch linguist/philosopher/poet, Minderjarige Zangster 1763 Birthday Pierre P Royer-Collard, French attorney/philosopher 1762 Birthday Johann G Fichte German philosopher, Wissenschaftslehre 1758 Death Jonathan Edwards, theologian/philosopher 'Original Sin', dies at 54 1756 Birthday Paul van Hemert, Dutch theologist/philosopher, Kant 1756 Birthday William Godwin, philosopher and political writer, Caleb Williams 1755 Death Baron de Montesquieu, French Philosopher 1754 Death Christian von Wolff, German philosopher, dies at 75 1753 Birthday Dugald Stewart, born in Edinburgh, Scotland, philosopher, Scottish common sense 1753 Birthday John Taylor, Virginia, philosopher, Jeffersonian Democracy 1753 Death George Berkeley, philosopher/bishop (Cloyne), dies on 68th birthday 1749 Birthday Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Frankfurt, social philosopher, Faust 1748 Birthday Jeremy Bentham, London, England philosopher/originator, Utilitarian 1744 Birthday Johann G von Herder, German philosopher/theologist/poet 1744 Death Giambattista Vico, Italian Philosopher 1743 Birthday Marquis de Condorcet, France, enlightenment philosopher 1741 Birthday Johann C Lavater, Swiss vicar/philosopher 1736 Birthday Johann N Tetens, German/Danish philosopher/mathematician 1735 Birthday James Beattie, Scotland, poet/philosopher, Essay on Truth 1730 Birthday Johann Georg Hamann, born in Konigsberg, now Kaliningrad, Russia, writer, philosopher, supported the Sturm und Drang movement 1729 Death Anthony Collins, English philosopher (On Liberty and Necessity), dies at 53 1729 Birthday Moses Mendelssohn, philosopher/critic/Bible translator 1729 Birthday Mozes Mendelssohn, German englightened philosopher, Haksalah 1728 Birthday Ferdinando Galiani, Italian economist/philosopher/diplomat 1724 Birthday Immanuel Kant, born in Konigsberg, Germany, philosopher, Critique of Pure Reason 1723 Death Dimitrie Cantemir, philosopher/monarch of Moldova 1710-11, dies at 49 1721 Birthday Franciscus "French" Hemsterhuis, Frisian philosopher 1717 Birthday Jean-Baptiste Le Rond d'Alembert, French philosopher/mathematician 1716 Death Gottfried W. Leibniz, German philosopher/theologist, dies at 70 1716 Death Gottfried Leibniz, German Philosopher 1715 Death Nicolas Malebranche, French Philosopher 1715 Birthday Etienne B de Condillac, French philosopher, sensualism/Cours d'etudes 1715 Birthday Claude Helvetius, Paris, France, philosopher 1715 Birthday Claud-Adrian Helvetius, Philosopher 1713 Birthday Jean Allamand, French theologist/natural philosopher 1711 Birthday Johan Lulofs, Dutch physicist, philosopher, and astronomer 1711 Birthday David Hume, Scottish Philosopher 1711 Birthday David Hume, English empiricist/philosopher, Treatise of Human Nature 1709 Birthday James Harris, philosopher 1705 Birthday Abraham Tucker, British Philosopher 1704 Death John Locke, English philosopher (2 treatises of government), dies at 72 1703 Birthday Jonathan Edwards, U.S., theologian/philosopher, Original Sin 1694 Birthday Francis Hutcheson, born in Drumaleg, Ireland, philosopher, Scottish Presbyterian, founding father of Scottish Enlightenment, proponent of Utilitarianism 1689 Birthday Charles de Montesquieu, France, philosopher and writer, Letters Persanes 1689 Birthday Baron de Montesquieu, French Philosopher 1688 Death Ralph Cudworth, English philosopher (Intellectual system), dies at 70? 1685 Birthday George Berkeley, born in Ireland, philosopher and bishop of Cloyne 1679 Death Thomas Hobbes, English Philosopher 1679 Birthday Christian von Wolff, German philosopher 1677 Death [Benedictus] Baruch Spinoza, philosopher, dies at 44 1677 Death Baruch Spinoza, Philosopher 1676 Birthday Anthony Collins, English philosopher, A discourse on free-thinking 1670 Death Jan A Comenius, Komensky, Czechoslovakia/Netherlands educator/philosopher, dies 1669 Death Arnold Geulincx, South Netherlands philosopher (Cholera), dies at 45 1668 Birthday Giambattista Vico, Italian Philosopher 1662 Death Blaise Pascal, French Philosopher 1659 Birthday William Wollaston, Coton England, philosopher 1655 Death Pierre Gassendi, French philosopher, dies at 63 1650 Death Rene Descartes, philosopher "I think therefore I am", stops thinking 1650 Death Rene Descartes, philosopher "I think therefore I am", stops thinking 1648 Death Edward Herbert of Cherbury, English military/philosopher, dies at 65 1647 Birthday Pierre Bayle, French/Netherlands theologist/philosopher/writer 1646 Birthday Gottfried Leibniz, German Philosopher 1639 Death Giovan D "Tommaso" Campanella, Italian philosopher/poet, dies at 70 1639 Death Tommaso Campanella, Philosopher 1638 Death Johann H Alsted, German theologist/philosopher, dies at 50 1638 Birthday Nicolas de Malebranche, French philosopher 1638 Birthday Nicolas Malebranche, French Philosopher 1633 Death William Ames, English Philosopher 1632 Birthday Baruch "Benedict" de Spinoza, Amsterdam, rationalist philosopher 1632 Birthday Baruch Benedict de Spinoza, Philosopher 1632 Birthday Baruch Spinoza, Philosopher 1632 Birthday John Locke, England, empiricist philosopher; disproved substance 1624 Birthday Arnold Geulincx, South Netherland, philosopher, About Virtue 1603 Death Pierre Charron, French philosopher/theologian, dies 1596 Birthday Rene Descartes, born in France, philosopher, he thought, therefore he was 1594 Death Gerardus Mercator, Flemish philosopher/cartographer, dies at 82 1592 Death Michel Eyquem de Montaigne, French philosopher (L'Amitie), dies at 59 1592 Death Michel de Montaigne, French Philosopher 1592 Birthday Pierre Gassendi, Champtercier Provence, scientist/philosopher 1590 Death Dirck Volkertsz Coornhert, theologist/philosopher, dies at about 68 1588 Death Bernardino Telesio, Italian philosopher (Rerum in Child), dies 1588 Birthday Marin Mersenne, France, mathematician/musician/philosopher, Cartesian 1588 Birthday Thomas Hobbes, born in England, philosopher, Leviathan 1583 Birthday Edward Herbert of Cherbury, English military and philosopher 1568 Birthday Giovan D "Tommaso" Campanella, Italian philosopher/poet, Citt del sole 1568 Birthday Tommaso Campanella, Philosopher 1552 Birthday Fra Paolo Sarpi, Paulus Venetus, expert/philosopher 1548 Birthday Francisco Suarez, Granada Spain, philosopher/theologian 1535 Death Thomas More, philosopher (Utopia), executed for treason at 57 1533 Birthday Michel de Montaigne, France, essayist/philosopher 1512 Death Alessandro Achillini, Italian physician/philosopher, dies at 48 1499 Death Marsilio Ficino, Italian Philosopher 1496 Death Johannes de Lapide, Johan Heynlin, German philosopher, dies 1472 Death Leon Battista Alberti, Italian authors, poet, philosopher, and architect, 'Della Pittura', dies at 68 1464 Death Nikolaus von Cusa, German theologist/mathematician/philosopher, dies 1464 Death Nicholas van Cusa, philosopher/bishop of Brixen, dies 1463 Birthday Alessandro Achillini, Italian physician/philosopher 1457 Death Laurentius Valla, Italian philosopher (Voluptate), dies at about 50 1433 Birthday Marsilio Ficino, Italian Philosopher 1416 Death Blaise/Blasius of Parma, Italian astrologist/philosopher/algebra, dies 1404 Birthday Leon Battista Alberti, born in Genoa, Italy, Italian authors, poet, philosopher, and architect, 'Della Pittura' 1382 Death Nicholas van Oresme, French philosopher/bishop of Lisieux, dies at 62 1340 Death Henry Henricus of Friemar, Augustine philosopher, dies 1308 Death Duns Scotus, Scottish philosopher (coined the word dunce), dies at 42 1293 Death Hendrik van Gent, Flemish neo-Augustian philosopher/theologist, dies 1279 Death Robert Kilwardby/Anglicus, English philosopher/Cardinal, dies 1253 Death Dogen Zenji, Japanese Philosopher 1204 Death Maimonides, Jewish philosopher/talmudic scholar, dies in Cairo at 69 1200 Birthday Dogen Zenji, Japanese Philosopher 1198 Death Averroes ibn-Rusjd, Moorish philosopher, dies 1167 Death Robert of Melun, English philosopher/bishop of Hereford, dies 1165 Birthday Ibn al-'Arabi, Muslim mystic/philosopher 1164 Death Abraham ibn Ezra, poet/philosopher, dies 1154 Death Gilbert de la Porree, French philosopher/bishop of Poiters, dies 1142 Death Pierre Abelard, French philosopher (Sic et Non, Heloise), dies at 62 1141 Death Hugo of St-Victor, philosopher/theologist/mystic, dies 1135 Birthday Maimonides, Moses Ben Maimon, Corodoba Spain, philosopher and physician 1109 Death Anselmus, philosopher/archbishop of Canterbury, dies 427 Birthday Plato, born in Athens, Greece, writer, philosopher, mathematician, laid foundations of natural philosophy, science, Western philosophy 399 Event Philosopher Socrates sentenced to death
